Determination of apparent sampling thickness of sea surface microlayer

IwrRODUtvIONTheseasurfacendcrolayer(SML)isathinair-seainterfacelayerwithphySical,chdricalandbiologicalproperties.OrganicmateriaIs,haceAnIs,nutrientS,particulatCrnat-terandplanktonaregenefallyenrichedintheSML(Hardy,JT.etal.,l98O,Wunams,P.M.etal.,1986).ThesamPlersforcolledingtheSMLwerernainlyglassplatespearvey,G.W.etal.,l972,l985;ZhangZhengbinetal.,l996),rotatingdrums(Harvey,G.W.,1966,Daumas,R.A.l976),screensgurmt,W.D.,l965,Piotrowicz,S.R.etal.,l972,Carison,D.J.,l982),funneIs…     

ANALYSIS AND DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF BENZOTHIOPHENE IN SEDIMENTS OF NANSHA ISLANDS SEA AREA

unomicrroNTherearereportedstudisoninorganicsulfurcomPoundsinrnarinesedtritS(Song,l99(),Stefan,l994),butfeWonorganicsulfurcomPounds.Itwasshownthatthroughoilspthe,mnoffandatmosphdriproasses,manyanthropogedcorganicsulfurcomP0undsrnaybethenspotalintothemarineenvirorstWheretheycanbeeventuallydePositalalongwithnatamlorganicstilfUrcomPoundsinseddritSraateSetal.,l979).ResearchesonorganicstilfurcomPoundsinrnarinesedirnentSareofpotentialenvirornnentalchdricalshoilicanceforhaherunderstandingofthege…     

Colloid''''s influences on microalgae growth as a potential environmental factor

INTRODUCTIONFormanyyears ,environmentalfactorsinfluencingmicroalgagrowthhadbeenstudiedbymanyresearchers .Thesefactorsincludedtemperature ,light,nutrientcomposition ,tracemetalsandtheirtoxicity ,etc . (Rhee&Gotham ,1 981 ;Morel,1 987;Fujimotoetal.,1 997;Geideretal.,1 998) .Colloid ,animportantexistingformofmatterinseawater,alsohadbeenstudiedwidelyinre centyears.Itiswidelyknownnowthatcolloidservesasanoceanic“colloidpump” (Honeyman&Santschi,1 991 ) .Reviewsofthebasiccharacteristicsandpr…     

BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF SEA-SURFACE MICROLAYER （SML） IN DAYA BAY, CHINA IIA. BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SML AND THE CORRELATION AMONG THEM

Two cruises for multi-discipline investigation were conducted in October and November,1998 in Daya Bay to collect: (1) samples from five levels including sea-surface microlayer (SML), subsurface (SSL), surface, body (mid-column) and bottom water; and (2) observational data on chlorephylla and notri-eras, and important factors such as turbidity, BOD, COD, TN, TP and phytoplanklon. Results showed that there was no enrichment of chlorophyll-a in the SML, but quite notable enrichment of some organic matter and nutrients. Compared with the findings in earlier researches, PO4^-P and SiO3-Si have decreased, and the N/P ratio has increased obviously to even more than 100 in the SML. It is concluded preliminarily that PO4-P and SiO3-Si mainly determine phytoplankton growth in Daya Bay at present.     

SORPTION OF BENZOTHIOPHENE ON MARINE SEDIMENTS

ImODUcrIONBenzothiophene(acomPoundinp0lycydicarornaticsulfurheterocydespresentincrudeoilsandcoal)isaddedt0marineenvironmentfromavariCtyofsouna,andisofenvironrnentalconcernduetoitSharmfulproperties(Andefssonetal.,l992,Yang,l996).Warner(l975)obtainedsulfur-containingpetroleumcomPonentSsuchasbensothiophenefr0mrnarinesamplesandfoundthatthepolycydicarornaticsuifurheterocydesweremorercadilybioconrmtratedthansulfur-freep0lycydicaromaticcompounds.Yang(l997)foundthatbensothiophenewaspresentinallin…     

海水中液-固界面的台阶型动力学曲线

对海水中Zn（Ⅱ）,Ca（Ⅱ）,Cd（Ⅱ）与高岭石、伊利石和蒙脱石等粘土矿物;无定形水合氧化铁、α-FeOOH等铁的水合氧化物; δ-MaO₂, γ-MnOOH,水锰矿等锰的水合氧化物等30个左右实验体系的液-固界面台阶型动力学曲线进行了系统的实验测定和全面的条件研究。在实验测定上提出两种方法、互为校核。对动力学曲线之台阶的消长和变化规律作了系统研究,确定主要影响因素是:金属离子初始浓度、固体交换剂量、体系的pH值和温度,以及搅拌速度等。     

《渤黄东海海洋化学》专著即将问世

顾宏堪主编的专著《渤黄东海海洋化学》(科学出 版社出版)，论述了海区重要无机物、有机物、放射性核 素的分布变化规律及界面转移。全书共分二十章，约     

海水中液－固界面上负离子分级交换吸附的研究 Ⅱ.交换吸附等温线和新的N－型曲线

本文研究了海水中钼(Ⅵ)与粘土矿物(高岭石、蒙脱石)、水合氧化铁(赤铁矿、无定形氧化铁)和水合氧化锰(水锰矿、δ-MnO₂)相互作用等温线,钼(Ⅵ)-粘土矿物体系所得是一种具有极大值的N-型等温线,钼(Ⅵ)-水合氧化物体系所得是具有一个拐点和两个台阶的“台阶型”等温线.这两类等温线在负离子交换吸附文献上均尚未见报道.N-型等温线的产生是因溶液中钼(Ⅵ)的复杂存在形式和负离子交换机理复合作用的结果.“台阶型”等温线的形成则是氧化物表面存在着几类能量不同的羟基分级交换吸附的结果.     

THE “ION EXCHANGE-PRECIPITATION” ISOTHERM OF HEAVY METAL PARTITIONING BETWEEN LIQUID AND SOLID IN SEAWATER——DE BOER-ZWIKKER EQUATION TREATMENT

Determinded in this paper are 18 isotherms of Cu2 and Pb2 partitioning between liquid and solid (kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite), all proved to be "ion exchange-precipitation" isotherms. This is a new type of isotherms in marine chemistry. We have used the modified BET and T6th equations to describe them. In this paper, we proposed the third expression, i. e. de Boer-Zwikker equation. Theoretically, this method has a proper chemical model. Practically, it is simple and easy to compare with experimental data.     

海水中悬浮粒子的微电泳研究 Ⅰ针铁矿、δ-Mno_2的电泳淌度与酸度、重金属离子及有机物浓度的关系

本文用微电泳的方法研究了针铁矿及δ-MnO_2悬浮粒子的电泳行为。支持电解质的离子强度影响淌度的大小,但不改变等电点(IEP)。重金属离子在悬浮粒子上的吸附,使pH高于IEP时的表面电荷由负变正,而在pH低于IEP时影响不大。 小分子量的有机物如氨基酸对悬浮粒子的淌度影响不大,而大分子量的有机物如腐殖酸使IEP左移。天然海水,河水等对悬浮粒子表面电荷的影响是其中的有机物使IEP左移的结果,故天然水体中悬浮粒子无例外地均荷负电。