苏北废黄河三角洲近岸沉积物分异特征及输运趋势(英文)

The delta evolution and erosion process of the abandoned Yellow River Delta(AYRD) have been extensively studied. However, the variation of sediment at a large littoral scale along the north coast of Jiangsu is less understood. In this study, the data of surface sediment samples obtained in the littoral area of the Yellow River Delta in 2006 and 2012 is used to study the sediment variability and sediment transport trends by using the geostatistics analysis tool and the grain size trend analysis model. In order to ensure the applicability of the model, the geostatistics method is used to determine the characteristic distance(Dc) with the average range value(Ao) of grain size parameter. Filtering method(removing data that not at a sampling station) is used to improve accuracy of data selection. The results show that sedimentary spatial correlation in Lianyun Port area and southern part of the abandoned Yellow River Delta(AS) is better than that in the northern part of the abandoned Yellow River Delta(AN). Sediment in the area is found to be anisotropy at the northeast–southeast direction. The grain size trend analysis reveals that the sediment trend is towards bayhead and southerly in the Haizhou Bay, southeasterly along the shoreline in the south Lianyun Port, northwesterly in AN and easterly–southeasterly in AS respectively. The investigation of possible relationships between Dc, Ao, sediment transport and delta evolution shows a close link between Dc and Ao of one sediment combination. It is also found that sediment transport trends could reasonably represent the delta evolution to a certain degree.     

河南省登封市岩溶区地下水赋存特征及找水方向

河南省登封市岩溶区,受人为采矿工程活动的影响,区域地下水位下降,部分区域岩溶含水层已遭受破坏,地表缺水严重,水文地质条发生了较大的变化。本文以2011年3月至4月在登封市岩溶区实施的抗旱找水打井工程为例,对区内的岩溶水赋存特征及规律作初步分析总结,并以此为基础,提出了找水布井方向。     

西藏玉龙成矿带各贡弄、恒星错、马牧普地球化学异常优选评价

各贡弄、马牧普、恒星错为玉龙成矿带上具有找矿潜力的地球化学异常区,综合考虑成矿地质条件和地球化学数据的异常区评价方法能降低资源勘查的风险和投入.本文采用确立评价指标并量化赋值,按指标的得分对异常区进行优选评价的方法,分析了各异常区的地质特征并类比玉龙成矿带的成矿地质背景确定地质评价指标(GP),并据此分析异常区以铜为主的多元素水系沉积物测量数据,将衬度、面金属量、元素组合、变异系数作为地球化学评价指标(GCP).对各指标按其对成矿有利程度赋值,根据评价指标赋值和权重对异常区进行打分,最后用现有工作程度的勘查成果对上述优选结果进行检验,优选结果与实际矿床规模一致,得分高的地区其资源潜力大,将定性的成矿地质条件量化,可提高异常区优选评价的可靠程度.     

Nudging资料同化对北极海冰密集度预报的改进

北极夏季海冰的快速减少使得北极航道提前开通成为可能。为了给北极冰区船运活动提供及时可靠有效的海冰预报保障,急需提高海冰预报水平。本文基于麻省理工大学通用环流模式(MITgcm),使用牛顿松弛逼近(Nudging)资料同化方法将德国不莱梅大学的第二代先进微波辐射成像仪(AMSR2)海冰密集度资料同化到模式中,建立了北极海冰数值预报系统。设计试验对比3种不同Nudging系数计算方案的改进效果,结果表明选择合适参数后,不同方案均能显著改进海冰密集度初始场。通过设计有无Nudging同化的两组预报试验,结合卫星遥感海冰密集度及中国第五次北极科学考察期间"雪龙"船的走航海冰密集度观测数据,定量分析了Nudging同化方案对北极海冰密集度的24~120 h预报结果的改进效果。结果表明,Nudging同化对120 h内全北极海冰密集度的空间分布和移动单点目标的海冰密集度预报结果均有显著改善;但在海冰变化很小的情况下,Nudging同化试验的24~120 h预报结果均劣于惯性预报结果,说明基于Nudging同化的数值预报系统还需进一步提高预报技巧。     

超大直径泥水盾构穿堤施工技术

盾构掘进施工过程中,由于开挖破坏了地层原始应力状态,地层产生应力增量,特别是剪应力增量,引起地层移动导致不同程度的地面沉降。超大直径泥水平衡盾构掘进施工参数控制不当极易造成地面沉降差异过大,影响地面建（构）筑物安全和使用。对南京纬三路过江通道N线大直径泥水平衡盾构穿堤掘进施工进行总结,为类似大直径泥水平衡盾构穿越地面建筑物施工提供借鉴。     

五极纵轴电测深法在香格里拉县拉巴铜钼矿的找矿应用

矿区铜钼矿属于硫化物矿床,具有很强的激发极化效应,运用五极纵轴电测深法,结合地质及地球物理资料综合解释推断出4个具有一定规模和强度的矿化异常体,其中1个经钻孔得到了验证.这为该矿区外围及深部找矿提供了有利依据,确定了五极纵轴电测深法在该矿区是一种有效的地球物理勘查技术方法.     

Sound propagation in two-axis underwater channel based on beam-displacement ray-mode theory

Sound propagation in a deep ocean two-axis underwater channel is often complex and difficult to simulate between surface channel and sound fixing and ranging (SOFAR) channel. The beam-displacement ray-mode (BDRM) theory is a normal mode method for propagation modeling in horizontally stratified shallow water. An improved method for computing the upper boundary reflection coefficient in the BDRM is proposed and applied to calculate the acoustic fields of a two-axis underwater channel. Transmission losses in the two-axis underwater channel are calculated in the new BDRM. The corresponding results are in good agreement with those from the Kraken code, and furthermore the computed speed of the new BDRM excels the other methods.     

塔河油田奥陶系海西早期、加里东中期岩溶对比研究

塔河油田为我国第一个、第一大古生界海相大油田,奥陶系是最主要的层位,产量占塔河油田总产量的75%以上,海西早期、加里东中期岩溶作用对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的形成和分布具有重要的控制作用。通过岩溶的平面分布、缝洞充填物类型、古生物、锶同位素、碳、氧同位素、稀土元素、包裹体、荧光等可以区分海西早期岩溶和加里东中期岩溶;海西早期岩溶古地貌起伏较大,对储层具有明显的控制作用,加里东中期岩溶古地貌总体起伏较小,对储层的控制作用不明显。海西早期岩溶主要受构造、不整合面、古地貌和岩性的控制,其中构造是最重要的因素;加里东中期岩溶主要受构造、加里东中期Ⅰ、Ⅱ幕不整合面、岩性的控制,具有明显的断控和层控特征,最后对海西早期、加里东中期岩溶有利储层分布区进行了预测。     

柴达木盆地东部三湖地区第四纪沉积物源分析

柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系的形成是在新近纪末期新构造运动作用下,盆地沉积中心由西向东整体迁移的产物.在第四系中发现了世界上最大的生物气田,近年来在寻找构造圈闭难以取得突破的情况下,岩性圈闭的勘探成为下一步勘探工作的必然选择.确定物源方向对岩性油气藏的勘探具有重要的指导作用.该文通过分析现今水系分布、储层岩性、矿物组合、氯离子含量、重矿物、泥质含量、砂岩含量、地震前积反射等特征和通过野外踏勘、储层反演等手段,确定三湖地区第四系沉积物源呈明显的不对称性,主要物源来自南部的昆仑山,次要物源来自北斜坡东部锡铁山-埃姆尼克山.