基于地形的海底热液区沉积物分布趋势预测方法研究

热液区沉积物接受了大量热液物质的输入,其矿物组成及地球化学空间分布特征是多金属硫化物勘探的有效指标。由于重力作用,洋中脊区域沉积物主要分布于低洼和平坦地形区。为了探索地形因素对热液区沉积物分布的影响规律,本文通过ArcGIS提出了一种基于地形数据的海底热液区沉积物分布趋势预测方法,并对西南印度洋中脊龙角区地形数据进行了分析,包括沉积物重力搬运方向提取、沉积物汇集量估算、海底沟谷提取和沉积物源区划分。通过与研究区底质解译结果进行对比验证发现,预测结果与研究区内沉积物的实际分布范围较为吻合,表明本方法在一定程度上可以有效地指示地形影响下海底热液区沉积物的分布情况。本方法对海底硫化物矿产勘探工作具有一定指导意义,可为海底沉积物取样站位设置与海底硫化物成矿远景区圈定提供参考依据。     

厦门岛城市空间扩张特征及其影响因素

Most of the world’s cities are concentrated in coastal areas. As a special geographical component of the coastal system, island urban spatial expansion is the outcome of interactions between city development and the physical environment. This paper takes Xiamen Island, located in Southeastern China, as an example to analyze island urban spatial expansion and its determinants by combining an analysis of the literature on urban development policies, urban overall plans, population growth and industrial development, with geographical information analysis using historical maps and remote sensing photographs. Firstly, we reviewed the history of the Xiamen City development during the last 100 years, which can be divided into four periods: the embryonic modern city and early development from 1908 to 1949; administrative boundary expansion and infrastructure development from 1950 to 1979; special economic zone construction and rapid urbanization from 1980 to 2003; and Bay City construction since 2003. The dynamic changes to the coastline, island shape, built-up area, transportation, administrative division, and major land use type conversion which occurred during approximately the past 100 years were analyzed and the characteristics of the island urban spatial expansion were concluded: early expansion from a central point, followed by expansion along a section of coastline, and expansion from the coastline inland. Secondly, we discussed the potential determinants of island urban spatial expansion including administrative division adjustment, urban master planning revision, industrial development, topographical factors, coastal area reclamation, transportation expansion, and population growth. Finally, the effects of each potential determinant on island urban spatial expansion were concluded. Island urban spatial expansion is the result of a synthesis of natural and socio-economic factors which are not independent but interacting. Built-up area expansion is the major driver of island land cover and land use changes. By this paper, we hope to provide a scientific reference contributing to the rational understanding of island and coastal sustainable urbanization in China, and the world beyond.     

浅谈南亚季风与东亚季风的几点不同

一、季风的强度不同 南亚北面有一系列山地,如兴都库什山脉、喀喇昆仑山脉和喜马拉雅山脉等使之与中亚及我国青藏高原相分开,亚洲大陆的冬季风很难进入印度境内,在凉季（10月至次年3月）这里没有类似东亚的寒潮这样的强冷空气的入侵,所以印度凉季的月平均气温要比我国东部同纬度地区暖和得多,例如印度的新德里和迪布鲁加尔1月平均气温较同纬度的长沙和福州分别高出几度到十几度。正     

山崩连续体模式之数值仿真(英文)

<正>Recent advances in landslide/avalanche modeling have been enabling us to investigate the kinematics of such catastrophic events with much more details.Taiwan is located in a region where seismic activities and extreme weather conditions frequently occur.One of their common consequences is the slope failure.In the past decodes,we witnessed at least three giant landslides:Tsaoling,Jiufenershan landslides,triggered by the Chi-Chi earthquake in     

不同砾石覆盖度床面蚀积过程的野外风洞实验研究

野外风洞实验表明,砾石床面具有捕沙和过沙的双重功能,砾石床面的输、阻性质是不同覆盖度与风动力耦合的结果。当砾石盖度小于20%时,床面基本以风蚀作用为主;当砾石覆盖度在30%～50%时,低风速条件下(<10 m/s),床面以强烈风积作用为主,高风速条件下(>12 m/s),床面以强烈风蚀为主,其间[(10～12)m/s]床面趋于蚀积平衡状态;当砾石覆盖度大于60%时,随着风速的增大,床面蚀积量变化不大。研究结果可应用于莫高窟顶沙砾质戈壁的风沙防治,为风沙工程增添新的思路和新技术。     

某隧洞洞身的变形分析

本文运用修正的散体围岩压力理论,对某一穿过断层的隧洞近年来发生较大变形的原因进行分析,阐述了隧洞变形发生、发展的过程.     

贵州赤水宝元构造三叠系嘉二1-嘉-气藏储层特征

三叠系嘉二1-嘉-层是赤水气田的主要产层之一．探讨宝元构造嘉二1-嘉-气藏的储层特征、控制储层发育的主要因素，预测储层发育的有利分布区，提出夸后对该层的勘探建议。     

K_0型合金片几何参数的选择

根据最新部标，K_0型合金片的几何结构及参数，如图1和表1所示。合金片几何参数的修改意见。一、合金片长度（L）合金片长度L，即钎头初径D_k。D_k可由下式确定：D_k=D_H n·D_0（毫米）（1）式中：D_H——钎头终径（报废直径）（毫米）；n——钎头修磨次数（一般定为10～12次）；D_0——磨次直径损耗（毫米/次）；众所周知，钻速与钎头直径的平方成反比。为了提高打眼速度，希望D_k尽可能小些。但是，为了保证钎头有较长的寿命，为了提高合金片的利用率，n值又不能太低。在钎头质量提高，使用技术合理的条     

重庆市北碚澄江镇变形体治理方案及效果的数值模拟

本文在详细介绍澄江镇变形体基本情况的基础上，运用数值分析的方法对整治工程方案进行了模拟分析及对论证，优选出最佳治理部位。通过对抗滑性和挡土墙两种治理方案的对比分析，建议采用抗滑桩方案对澄江镇变形体进行治理。