青藏高原昆仑山和羊八井现今地应力测量及其工程意义

对青藏高原昆仑山和羊八井的地应力实测结果表明，昆仑山的最大水平主应力量值为6.8-12.9MPa；羊八井的最大水平主应力值为3.3-10.4MPa，总体来看，昆仑山的应力值比羊八井高。与中国其他地区表层地应力测量结果比较，从区域应力分析角度来看是属于高应力区。它们的最大主应力方向与NE和NEE。这与青藏高原大陆动力学研究的结论是一致的。此外，结合工程地质调查结果，对青藏铁路昆仑山隧道和羊八井隧道群的有关问题进行了讨论。     

黄河上游地区地应力状态与地质灾害关系探讨

本文在广泛收集研究区相关资料的基础上, 以实测地应力值为依据, 对研究区的地应力状态进行了模拟分析, 进而对地应力状态与地质灾害的关系进行了探讨。得到如下认识:地震活动是地应力积累到一定程度而释放的结果, 强震活动一般发生在最大主应力方向与断裂走向呈锐角的部位, 地震活动往往发生在局部高应力区。崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害在空间分布上与最大差应力的高值区存在较好的对应关系, 但与最大主应力高值区则无明显的对应关系。      

广东阳西近岸海域波浪的分布特征

通过对广东阳西近岸测站1a实测波浪资料及岸边同期风资料的整理与分析,探讨了该海域的波浪特性,得出研究海域不分方向H1/10年平均值为1.00 m,常浪向为SE向,出现的频率为38.35%,强浪向为SE向,观测期间的最大波高出现在0814号"黑格比"台风期间,Hmax值为8.31 m.用已有的理论分布函数对实测统计数据进行拟合,筛选出研究海域的波高分布、周期分布及波高与周期联合分布的特征,结果表明双参数威布尔理论波高分布、杨正己威布尔周期分布、朗格-赫金斯83模式或者孙孚模式较为适用于本海区的波高分布、周期分布、波高周期联合分布;结合相应的风速风向资料,运用回归分析方法,建立了该地区的波高与风速之间、波高与波周期之间的关系.     

基于深度卷积嵌入式聚类（DCEC）的海洋环境特征提取对渔情预报模型的改进研究

In order to improve the forecasting ability of the fishery forecast model for the longline bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), we proposed a marine environment feature extraction method based on deep convolutional embedded clustering (DCEC), combined with generalized additive model (GAM) for forecasting the longline bigeye tuna fishing grounds in the Southwest Indian Ocean. We used the MODIS-Aqua and MODIS-Terra sea surface temperature (SST) three-level inversion image data (in days) from January to December in 2018 at 0.041 6°×0.041 6° to construct a DCEC model, determined the optimal number of clusters based on the Davies-Bouldi index (DBI), and extracted the category feature value (F_M) of each month’s sea surface temperature (SST); we used monthly 1°×1° bigeye tuna longline fishery data from January to December in 2018 generated from the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC), and calculated the catch per unit effort (CPUE); we matched the monthly category feature value F_M and the monthly average value of Chl a concentration with the CPUE data to construct an improved GAM; we matched the monthly average SST, the monthly average Chl a concentration and CPUE data to build a basic GAM; we used the joint hypothesis test (F test) to verify the influence of model explanatory variables; we used akaike information criterion (AIC), mean square error (MSE), and draw the frequency distribution diagrams and box diagrams of measured and predicted values, etc., to analysis the improvement effect of the improved GAM compared to the basic GAM. The results showed that: (1) the category feature value (F_M) extracted based on the DCEC model could better reflect the temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics of SST in the Southwest Indian Ocean, and was related with the climatic conditions, monsoon conditions, and hydrological characteristics in the Southwest Indian Ocean; (2) the factor interpretation of F_M was higher than that of the monthly average SST in GAM, which means F_M had more significant impact on the CPUE of bigeye tuna. The high catch rate was concentrated in the areas where the F_M category was 2, 10, 24 with intersections between the warm and cold currents; (3) the AIC of the improved GAM was reduced by 9.17% than that of the basic GAM and MSE of the improved GAM was reduced by 26.7% than that of the basic GAM; the frequency distribution of the CPUE logarithmic value predicted by the improved GAM was closer to the normal distribution, and the high frequency distribution interval was closer to that of the measured value; the scatter plot showed that the CPUE predicted by the improved GAM had a significant correlation with the measured CPUE, with r equaled to 0.60. This study proves the effectiveness of the DCEC model in extracting marine environmental features, and can provide a reference for the further study on the bigeye tuna fishery forecast.     

基于LS-SVM的多系统融合GNSS-MR潮位反演

针对单系统GNSS-MR潮位监测中反演精度和时间分辨率低的问题,提出了一种基于LS-SVM的多系统融合潮位反演方法.利用香港HKQT站连续30 d的GPS、BDS、Galileo、GLONASS卫星观测数据进行实验,比较了基于滑动窗口最小二乘法、SVR、LS-SVM三种多系统融合方法.结果表明:基于LS-SVM的多系统...     

昌黎地震台地电场观测漏电干扰调查

2019年5月,昌黎地震台地电场观测连续多日出现漏电干扰,依据地球物理异常核实工作要求,从观测系统、自然环境、地球物理场、场地环境等方面进行了调查。在对多种因素逐一分析无果后,在测区附近做野外方向性实验重点排查,逐步缩小排查范围,最后发现在台站东偏南7°约3.78 km处,1家加工厂漏电作业,这导致地电场观测数据发生了畸变。     

银杏叶有效成分提取工艺研究

用正交实验探讨了银杏叶有效成分的最佳提取工艺。研究结果表明,在乙醇体积浓度为60%,回流温度为80℃,提取时间为3h的条件下,银杏叶提取效果最好;并分别用Al3 和红外光谱法对提取物有效成分进行了定性检测。该实验操作简单,重复性好,可行性强,为后续精制工艺提供前提条件。     

淮河发生流域性大洪水江南华南大范围高温干旱——2007年7月——

7月,全国平均气温为21.9℃,比常年同期偏高0.5℃,其中浙江、广东区域平均气温为历史同期最高值,福建为次高值。全国平均降水量为121.8mm,较常年同期(116.8mm)略偏多,但降水分布不均,其中新疆区域平均降水量为历史同期最大值,重庆、河南为次大值,广东为最小值,内蒙古、黑龙江为次小值。月内,淮河发生仅次于1954年的流域性大洪水;重庆、四川、山东、新疆、云南等地遭受暴雨袭击,部分地区受灾严重;江南、华南以及黑龙江、内蒙古东部等地的部分地区出现了严重干旱;江南、华南出现大范围持续高温天气;雷雨大风、冰雹、龙卷等局地强对流天气频发;…