Zooplankton community structure,abundance and biovolume in Jiaozhou Bay and the adjacent coastal Yellow Sea during summers of 2005–2012: relationships with increasing water temperature

Zooplankton abundance, biovolume and taxonomic composition in Jiaozhou Bay and the adjacent coastal Yellow Sea were evaluated using ZooScan measurement of samples collected by net towing every August from 2005 to 2012. Zooplankton abundance and biovolume ranged from 1 938.5 to 24 800 ind./m~3 and 70.8 to 1 480.1 mm~3/m~3 in Jiaozhou Bay and 73.1 to 16 814.3 ind./m~3 and 19.6 to 640.7 mm~3/m~3 in the coastal Yellow Sea. Copepods were the most abundant group in both regions, followed by N octiluca scintillans and appendicularians in Jiaohzou Bay, and chaetognaths and N octiluca scintillans in adjacent coastal Yellow Sea. Over the study period, the most conspicuous hydrographic change was an increase in water temperature. Meanwhile, a general decrease in zooplankton abundance was observed, particularly in copepod populations. Based on redundancy analysis(RDA), the warming trend was the key environmental factor influencing to decrease of copepod abundance. The proportion of small-sized copepods increased while the mean size of all copepods decreased, in significant correlation with water temperature. Our results indicate that zooplankton, particularly copepods, are highly sensitive to change in water temperature, which is consistent with predicted impacts of warming on aquatic ectotherms. Due to their dominance in the zooplankton, the decline in copepod size and abundance could lead to an unfavourable decrease in energy availability for predators, particularly planktivorous fish.     

基于支持向量机回归的岩体变形模量预测

岩体变形模量是表征岩体变形特性的最重要参数之一,其获取手段有室内试验与现场试验法、经 验 关 系 法、数 值 模 拟法、人工智能预测方法等。人工智能预测方法中常用的是神经网络方法,但神经网络易陷入局部极小值和过学习而导致低精度,支持向量机回归（ＳＶＲ）方法能有效地避免神经网络的以上缺陷,并在小样本、非线性预测方面具有较大优势,但目前 ＳＶＲ 应用于岩体变形模量预测的研究较少。以某水电站坝址区英安岩的试验数据为依托,采用灰色关联分析筛选出与变形模量最相关的纵波波速作为输入变量。在此基础上,以３个国内的水电站为例,分别建立相应的以实测纵波波速作为输入变量的粒子群算法优化－支持向量机回归（ＰＳＯ－ＳＶＲ）变形模量预测模型,同时,通过与 ＢＰ神经网络（ＢＰ－ＮＮ）、ＲＢＦ神经网络（ＲＢＦ－ＮＮ）２种预测方法进行对比,对比分析表明ＳＶＲ模型具有更高的预测精度,预测效果较好,说明 ＰＳＯ－ＳＶＲ方法更适用于岩体变形模量预测。      

青海锡铁山铅锌矿床喷流管道相识别、控矿作用及其对矿床成因和找矿勘查意义

锡铁山铅锌矿床位于柴达木盆地北缘中段,有关该矿床成因问题一直存在争议。矿床成因认识直接影响到控矿因素的选择,进而决定着成矿规律研究和找矿方向的判断。基于地质调查及岩心编录、岩相学特征、勘探图件和硫同位素组成综合分析,在锡铁山矿区识别出３处海底喷流管道相,位置大致与矿区横切滩间山群的沟谷相当。在喷流管道相内部,深部热液隐爆流纹质角砾岩、中部蚀变岩和上部（复成分）角砾矿石构成了 “喷流管道三位一体”内部结构。并且,基于３处喷流管道相特征,恢复了锡铁山矿区早期海底喷流作用过程。围绕喷流管道附近铅锌矿化集中发育,深部热液隐爆流纹质角砾岩控制着矿体底界深度和矿区矿体总体ＳＥ侧伏趋势,矿区ＳＥ侧中间沟深部应是近期找矿工作的重点。      

boldmath Investigation of inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in the binary mixture (acetone + water) by concentration dependent Raman study and ab initio calculations

This paper reports that vibrational spectroscopic analysis on hydrogen-bonding between acetone and water comprises both experimental Raman spectra and ab initio calculations on structures of various acetone/water complexes with changing water concentrations. The optimised geometries and wavenumbers of the neat acetone molecule and its complexes are calculated by using ab initio method at the MP2 level with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Changes in wavenumber position and linewidth (fullwidth at half maximum) have been explained for neat as well as binary mixtures with different mole fractions of the reference system, acetone, in terms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The combination of experimental Raman data with ab initio calculation leads to a better knowledge of the concentration dependent changes in the spectral features in terms of hydrogen bonding.     

亚欧典型热浪过程的大气环流对比分析

使用探空站实测资料、国家气象中心500 hPa位势高度和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了中国西北和江南地区以及欧洲、印度发生的典型热浪过程及其形成热浪的大气环流系统。结果表明:西风带高压脊和副热带高压的同位相“南北叠加”(表明高压宽广)和低层高压与上层高压的同位相“上下叠加”(表明高压深厚),以及下沉运动和感热、潜热中心的分布,是中国西北和欧洲热浪形成的大气环流原因;而中国江南和印度的热浪,则与副热带高压的异常强大和夏季风活动有关。     

西藏甲玛矿床南坑高分异Ⅰ型花岗斑岩及黑云母矿物学特征

高硅花岗岩对于理解浅部岩浆房的行为具有重要意义.本文对西藏甲玛矿区南坑矿段的花岗斑岩开展了岩相学、岩石地球化学及黑云母矿物学研究.结果显示,该花岗斑岩具有高SiO2(73.39％～77.99％)、高K2O(4.34％～6.45％)和低P2O5(0.03％～0.06％)特征,铝饱和指数为0.97～0.98,富集Rb、Th...     

贵州南部晚石炭世一种新的生物礁类型

黔南晚石炭世普遍发育了一套台地相的碳酸盐岩地层,其中多种底栖生物十分繁盛,为深入开展石炭纪生物礁研究提供了有利条件。近几年,随着研究的不断深入,笔者等陆续发现了一些新型的造礁生物,其中一种重要的造礁生物是一种类似藻类的生物。通过大量的野外观察和室内工作,笔者等发现：这种生物是黔南晚石炭世的重要造礁生物类型之一,它在台地边缘生物碎屑滩上以多种生长方式构建礁体。该生物具有两种生长形式：一种是生物体呈波状延续生长,弯曲环绕,层层叠置形成不同类型的纹层或席状;另一种是生物体在纵向和横向上相互交叉,构成规则或不规则的网格状形态。这种礁体的发现,丰富了石炭纪生物礁的类型。