模糊综合评判在临沂城区岩溶塌陷危险性评价中的应用

岩溶塌陷是山东省临沂市区最重要的地质灾害类型,该文首次采用基于层次分析的模糊综合评判法对岩溶塌陷进行了危险性现状评价,综合得出了危险性评价分级图,为当地岩溶塌陷防治工作提供了基础数据,也为同类地质灾害预防提供了借鉴模式。     

ANTARCTIC SEA ICE AND THE POLAR VORTEX INDEX:TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP

The cluster analysis method has been used to divide the Antarctic sea ice variation field into 5 sectors.Then,foreach of these sectors,the corresponding indexes of vortex area and vortex intensity on the 500 hPa level have been calcu-lated.These data were used to analyse the temporal and spatial characteristics of both Antarctic sea ice and the vortexindex variations and their relationship.Our results show that substantial differences are presented in the climatic patternand interannual variations of the sea ice data and vortex index in different sectors.The maximum sea ice extent varia-tions appear in sector 1 and sector 4.Oscillation periods of 2—2.5 and 5—7 years exist in the variations of sea ice extentand vortex index in most sectors.A positive trend is only found in sector 1 sea ice extent while the other sectors shownegative trends.The average extent of the Antarctic sea ice as a whole has retreated at a rate of 1.6 latitudes per 100years.The vortex areas for all sectors have decreased.Nevertheless,the vortex intensities in 3 sectors have increased.Therelationship between sea ice and vortex characters in each sector is obvious,but a little complex.Sectors 1 and 5,whichare located in the Southeast Pacific and South Atlantic,are the most sensitive areas in terms of sea ice/atmosphereinteraction.     

Spatial-temporal characters of Antarctic sea ice variation

Using sea ice concentration dataset covering the period of 1968-2002 obtained from the Hadley Center of UK, this paper investigates characters of Antarctic sea ice variations .The finding demonstrates that the change of mean sea-ice extent is almost consistent with that of sea-ice area, so sea-ice extent can be chosen to go on this research. The maximum and the minimum of Antarctic sea ice appear in September and February respectively. The maximum and the maximal variation of sea ice appear in Weddell Sea and Ross Sea, while the minimum and the minimal variation of sea-ice appear in Antarctic Peninsula. In recent 35 years, as a whole, Antarctic sea ice decreased distinctly. Moreover, there are 5 subdivision characteristic regions considering their different variations. Hereinto, the sea-ice extent of Weddell Sea and Ross Sea regions extends and area increases, while the sea-ice extent of the other three regions contracts and area decreases. They are all of obvious 2-4 years and 5-7 years significant oscillation periods. It is of significance for further understanding the sea-ice-air interaction in Antarctica region and discussing the relationship between sea-ice variation and atmospheric circulation.     

南极拉斯曼丘陵地区紫外辐射的特征

本文对南极拉斯曼丘陵地区１９９３年２－１９９４年１２月的紫外辐射和总辐射资料进行了初步分析。结果表明该地区地表接收到的太阳辐射能主要集中在暖季，紫外辐射和总辐分别占年总量的８７％和８６％。极昼期间辐射通量特别强，紫外辐射和总辐射１１－１月的平均强度超过青藏高原和北极圈附近地区夏季的平均强度。     

华南上地壳速度分布与基底、盖层构造研究

对华南地区有代表性的几条宽角地震剖面进行了研究,利用初动到时资料拟合剖面地带地壳上部详细的速度分布,结合其他地球物理资料与地质资料对地壳基底和沉积盖层的构造进行了综合解释. 结果表明,浙-闽-粤东部地区在地壳基底上分布一系列中生代火山岩断陷盆地,火山岩盖层厚度变化为1000-4000m. 浙西-皖南以及湘-赣地区地壳基底起伏较大,盖层主要为古生界,并发育许多受基底形态与边界断裂控制的小型中生代白垩纪盆地. 华南西部的楚雄盆地为一构造复杂的深坳陷,其中侏罗-白垩系的厚度超过10km,并被分割为东部斜坡和西部坳陷两个单元,而西部坳陷又被一中央隆起分割为东、西两个更次级的凹陷. 区内一些主要的断裂构造在速度等值线图上均有明显的反映,如东部的江绍断裂、莲花山断裂和吴川-四会断裂以及西部的程海断裂和绿汁江断裂都是重要的构造分界,此外众多的基底断裂多是盆地与隆起的边界.     

长春西部串湖含水介质弥散试验及污染质运移研究

水动力弥散系数是建立地下水水质模型,进行地下水溶质运移研究的重要参数。在野外调查的基础上,设计并开展了室内二维水动力弥散试验,应用直线图解法确定了研究区含水介质的纵向、横向弥散系数。建立了该区地下水溶质运移模型,并对其进行了预测分析。     

干旱对黔西县农业生态的影响

从干旱的概念、类型、指标、成因及抗旱措施几方面浅析干旱对黔西县农业生态的影响。     

“三调”中线状地物图斑化流程优化

第三次全国国土调查("三调")与第二次全国土地调查相比,需要将符合上图精度的线状图层地物全部进行图斑化表示,以图斑的形式存储在数据库中。实际作业过程中,为便于后续的数据统计分析,图斑化的单线要素需要在对应的线状地物图层的特定字段中标记"3",表示该线物要素已进行图斑化处理。上述过程在实际生产中工作量大、易误操作。针对所述问题,在对数据进行对比分析后,提出了程序化解决方案,能够大幅度提高处理效率和数据质量。     

北冰洋80°～85°N浮冰区对流层大气的垂直结构

利用2008年夏季中国第3次北冰洋考察所获取的GPS探空资料对北冰洋(79°～85.5°N,144°～170°W)浮冰区对流层大气的垂直结构进行了研究.结果表明:北冰洋浮冰区对流层中部大气的平均温度递减率为6.47℃/km;对流层顶高度为8.0～10.7 km,平均为9.3 km,对流层顶温度为-59.4～-43.5℃...     

山东盐田数种杜氏藻(Dunaliella spp.)的分类研究

本文描述了从山东羊口、堤口盐场分离的数种杜氏藻的形态与分类。根据Butcher(1959)的分类标准其中MACC/AI及MACC/A5被定为多型杜氏藻(D.polymorpha),MACC/A2为Dunaliella sp.MACC/A140为盐生杜氏藻(D.salina)。这些均为我国首次记录,本文并对分类学上的问题做了详细讨论。