情系地球家园——记省五一巾帼奖章获得者、省厅地质环境处处长孙乐玲

巾帼何须让须眉,红颜何说不丈夫。有这样一名女子,拥有不输男儿的气魄和实力,30年来。在地质战线这个本属于男人的舞台,兢兢业业,尽职尽责,获得骄人的业绩,被浙江省人民政府授予一等功,被国土资源部授予“全国地质灾害防治先进工作者”称号,得过两次国土资源部科学技术奖二等奖,连续多年被评为省厅优秀公务员。她,就是今年省五一巾帼奖章获得者,浙江省国土资源厅地质环境处处长孙乐玲。     

海盐县“三转三保”亮相组合拳

海盐县国土资源局面对新形势、新任务,积极开拓思路、创新举措,围绕＂三转三保＂的任务和目标,在国土资源管理上,综合整治、系统管理,没有死角,不留＂短板＂,亮出了一套漂亮的组合拳,值得借鉴。     

闽东近海游泳动物群落组成、资源量与生物多样性的时空格局研究

采用底拖网方法调查研究了闽东近海春季(5月)和秋季(10月)游泳动物群落组成、生物多样性、资源密度及时空分布格局等问题。调查中出现游泳动物70种(鱼类47种,甲壳类18种,头足类5种),隶属于15目40科64属,以鲈形目种类最多(25种)。鱼类是主要游泳动物群落,春季鱼类个体数和重量分别占总渔获的66.4%和72.3%,甲壳类分别占比33.4%和26.9%,头足类分别占比0.2%和0.8%;秋季,上述三个类群在总渔获中的占比分别为56.6%和60.4%、42.0%和37.8%以及1.4%和1.8%。春季优势种包括红狼牙虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)、三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)、孔虎鱼(Trypauchen vagina)等10种,秋季优势种为龙头鱼(Harpadon nehereus)、三疣梭子蟹、六指马鲅(Polynemus sextarius)等7种;两个季节共有优势种包括三疣梭子蟹、日本 (Charybdis japonica)、龙头鱼、棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)和六丝钝尾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)5种。秋季的生物多样性指数和均匀度指数高于春季。春季平均资源密度为1013.7kg/km~2和10.2×10~4ind/km~2,高于秋季的平均值(899.0kg/km~2和6.6×10~4ind/km~2)。总体而言,鱼类是闽东近海主要的游泳动物类群,其资源密度从近岸向外海呈降低趋势,春季的资源密度高值出现在闽东外海中部水域,秋季高值则出现在南部的闽江口等水域;其春季的优势种种类多于秋季,存在一定程度季节性更替现象。     

政策调控土地供应 市场优化资源配置——绍兴市国土资源局赏建华局长记谈录

绍兴这片古越大地，山清水秀，人杰地灵。在改革开放中，绍兴人弘扬鲁迅先生赞赏的“吃螃蟹”精神，率先融入市场经济的洪流。绍兴市国土资源局，尊重市场经济规律，开拓进取，国土资源管理工作成效显著。本期特别策划绍兴专题，向广大读者展示了他们的所思所想，所作所为。     

Otolith shape analysis for stock discrimination of two Collichthys genus croaker(Pieces: Sciaenidae,) from the northern Chinese coast

The otolith morphology of two croaker species(C ollichthys lucidus and C ollichthys niveatus) from three areas(Liaodong Bay, LD; Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary, HRE; Jiaozhou Bay, JZ) along the northern Chinese coast were investigated for species identifi cation and stock discrimination. The otolith contour shape described by elliptic Fourier coefficients(EFC) were analysed using principal components analysis(PCA) and stepwise canonical discriminant analysis(CDA) to identify species and stocks. The two species were well dif ferentiated, with an overall classifi cation success rate of 97.8%. And variations in the otolith shapes were significant enough to discriminate among the three geographical samples of C. lucidus(67.7%) or C. niveatus(65.2%). Relatively high mis-assignment occurred between the geographically adjacent LD and HRE samples, which implied that individual mixing may exist between the two samples. This study yielded information complementary to that derived from genetic studies and provided information for assessing the stock structure of C. lucidus and C. niveatus in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea.     

Application of otolith shape analysis for stock discrimination and species identification of five goby species （Perciformes： Gobiidae） in the northern Chinese coastal waters

We tested the use of otolith shape analysis to discriminate between species and stocks of five goby species( Ctenotrypauchen chinensis, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, and Acanthogobius hasta) found in northern Chinese coastal waters. The five species were well differentiated with high overall classification success using shape indices(83.7%), elliptic Fourier coefficients(98.6%), or the combination of both methods(94.9%). However, shape analysis alone was only moderately successful at discriminating among the four stocks(Liaodong Bay, LD; Bohai Bay, BH; Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary HRE, and Jiaozhou Bay, JZ stocks) of A. hasta(50%–54%) and C. stigmatias(65.7%–75.8%). For these two species, shape analysis was moderately successful at discriminating the HRE or JZ stocks from other stocks, but failed to effectively identify the LD and BH stocks. A large number of otoliths were misclassified between the HRE and JZ stocks, which are geographically well separated. The classification success for stock discrimination was higher using elliptic Fourier coefficients alone(70.2%) or in combination with shape indices(75.8%) than using only shape indices(65.7%) in C. stigmatias whereas there was little difference among the three methods for A. hasta. Our results supported the common belief that otolith shape analysis is generally more effective for interspecific identification than intraspecific discrimination. Moreover, compared with shape indices analysis, Fourier analysis improves classification success during inter- and intra-species discrimination by otolith shape analysis, although this did not necessarily always occur in all fish species.     

海水酸化和甲基汞胁迫条件下文蛤免疫应答和生物矿化响应

海洋酸化背景下重金属对海洋生物的毒性效应是一个重要的生态毒理学研究问题。海洋酸化不仅直接影响海洋贝类的生理过程,也通过改变重金属的存在形式和生物可利用性进而影响其生物毒性。为研究海洋酸化背景下甲基汞(MeHg)对海洋贝类免疫和生物矿化的毒理效应,本研究将采集于野外的文蛤(Meretrix petechialis)置于不同pH水平(二氧化碳分压;pH 8.10/背景水平、7.70/中度酸化和7.30/高度酸化)和甲基汞质量浓度(对照、溶剂对照、0.1,1和5 μg/L)的海水中共同暴露21 d,研究文蛤内脏团和鳃组织内免疫应答和生物矿化相关的生物标志物对海水酸化和MeHg共同胁迫的响应。结果表明,海水酸化和MeHg均显著影响其免疫应答策略,不同胁迫水平对各类生物标志物具有组织差异性。具体而言,MeHg暴露诱导内脏团中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性,表明MeHg对免疫解毒机制有刺激作用,在一定程度上提高了其免疫应答。海水酸化抑制了鳃和内脏团中AKP活性,抑制其免疫应答。在生物矿化相关酶中,在海水酸化和MeHg共同胁迫下钙-ATP酶(Ca²⁺-ATP)活性显著下降,干扰其离子平衡和生物矿化。海水酸化加剧了MeHg胁迫对文蛤免疫应答和生物矿化的毒理作用。相关系数分析和主成分分析表明这些生物标志物可以协同防御环境胁迫对免疫应答和生物矿化策略的毒理作用。这些生物酶对海水酸化和MeHg胁迫响应比较敏感,可以作为评价海洋酸化背景下MeHg对文蛤两种生物组织免疫功能毒性效应的潜在生物标志物。研究结果为理解海洋酸化和重金属胁迫对贝类生理功能的影响提供新见解,为评估海洋酸化背景下贝类种群变动和资源管理提供科学依据。