海洋核辐射现场监测装置研究及实验测试

日本福岛核电站爆炸引起的海洋放射性污染事故后果严重,沿海核电安全和海洋放射性环境的长期监测、污染预警和事故应急受到关注。文中研制了一套海洋核辐射现场监测装置,利用标准放射源~(241)Am,~(133)Ba,~(60)Co,~(137)Cs,~(152)Eu进行了能量刻度与分辨率刻度实验,并利用MATLAB进行了曲线拟合,得到的能量刻度曲线线性较好,~(137)Cs在661.6 keV的能量分辨率为6.8%。同时,该装置在青岛8号码头利用趸船吊挂方式进行了海水水下测试,测得海水中~(40)K的活度为12.42 Bq/L,与实验室检测结果的符合性较好。     

典型强龙卷风暴中的地闪活动特征

闪电活动对于强龙卷天气的发生有一定的指示作用,基于闪电定位资料,结合多普勒天气雷达、探空和ECMWF再分析资料对两次典型强龙卷风暴中地闪的时空演变、雷电流强度及正地闪活动特征进行了统计分析,结果表明:地闪主要发生在组合反射率因子≥30 dBZ的区域内,龙卷发生期间,地闪活动减弱且较为分散。不同龙卷风暴的地闪频次差异较大,这与风暴中上升气流的强度有关;当地闪频次从峰值降至最小值期间,龙卷及地,两次过程中地闪频次峰值分别提前龙卷发生约33 min和28 min。同时,龙卷及地之前,地闪会出现连续多次闪电跃增;龙卷等级越强,正地闪表现越活跃,特征越明显,在江苏盐城阜宁龙卷发生期间,还出现了地闪极性从正地闪主导向负地闪主导的反转;两次龙卷风暴雷电流强度随时间的变化规律并不明显,但均小于历史平均值,地闪发生愈频繁的龙卷风暴,对应的雷电流强度值愈小。      

Characteristics of Lightning Activity in Southeast China and its Relation to theAtmospheric Background

Based on the lightning observation data from the Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) Lightning Mapping Imager (FY-4A/LMI) and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the International Space Station (ISS), we extract the “event” type data asthe lightning detection results. These observations are then compared with the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning observationdata from the China Meteorological Administration. This study focuses on the characteristics of lightning activity inSoutheast China, primarily in Jiangxi Province and its adjacent areas, from April to September, 2017–2022. In addition,with the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data, we further delved into thepotential factors influencing the distribution and variations in lightning activity and their primary related factors. Ourfindings indicate that the lightning frequency and density of the FY-4A/LMI, ISS-LIS and CG data are higher in southernand central Jiangxi, central Fujian Province, and western and central Guangdong Province, while they tend to be lower ineastern Hunan Province. In general, the high-value areas of lightning density for the FY-4A/LMI are located in inlandmountainous areas. The lower the latitude is, the higher the CG lightning density is. High-value areas of the CG lightningdensity are more likely to be located in eastern Fujian and southeastern Zhejiang Province. However, the high-value areasof lightning density for the ISS-LIS are more dispersed, with a scattered distribution in inland mountainous areas and alongthe coast of eastern Fujian. Thus, the mountainous terrain is closely related to the high-value areas of the lightning density.The locations of the high-value areas of the lightning density for the FY-4A/LMI correspond well with those for the CGobservations, and the seasonal variations are also consistent. In contrast, the distribution of the high-value areas of thelightning density for the ISS-LIS is more dispersed. The positions of the peak frequency of the FY-4A/LMI lightning andCG lightning contrast with local altitudes, primarily located at lower altitudes or near mountainsides. K-index andconvective available potential energy (CAPE) can better reflect the local boundary layer conditions, where the lightningdensity is higher and lightning seasonal variations are apparent. There are strong correlations in the annual variationsbetween the dew-point temperature (Td) and CG lightning frequency, and the monthly variations of the dew-point tem perature and CAPE are also strongly correlated with monthly variations of CG lightning, while they are weakly correlatedwith the lightning frequency for the FY-4A/LMI and ISS-LIS. This result reflects that the CAPE shows a remarkable effecton the CG lightning frequency during seasonal transitions.     

DNA分子标记技术在海带遗传育种研究中的应用

本文系统地介绍了部分常用的DNA分子标记技术,并结合我国海带养殖情况阐述了遗传标记技术在海带及大型海藻遗传育种中的应用。     

藻际可培养细菌对雨生红球藻生长和虾青素积累的影响

为探究雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)藻际可培养细菌多样性及可培养细菌对雨生红球藻生长和虾青素积累的影响,本实验采用培养分离法,在乙酸钠兼养条件下,共分离到8株雨生红球藻藻际细菌,通过16S rDNA测序鉴定,并在NCBI网站比较序列发现,编号为DBQ、HS、BTH、DBB、XBL、HB、FH、JH的菌株分别与Pseudomonas sp.、Methylobacterium sp.、Chryseobacterium sp.、Bacillus sp.、Paracoccus sp.、Planctopirus hydrillae、Rhodobacter vinaykumarii、Brevundimonas vesicularis的16S rDNA序列具有最高的相似性。分别将8株细菌与通过抗生素处理获得的纯种雨生红球藻共培养,测定了8株藻际细菌对雨生红球藻细胞密度、藻液pH、叶绿素及虾青素含量的影响。实验发现,HS处理组在绿色阶段培养第9天获得最高细胞密度,为3.65×10~5cells/mL,且显著高于对照组;DBB处理组虽然能够促进藻细胞密度增加,但与对照组并无显著差异;DBQ处理组藻细胞密度显著低于对照组及其他处理组。第1～7天,藻液叶绿素浓度的变化与藻细胞密度变化趋势有一定相似性,绿色阶段后期,叶绿素浓度呈现下降趋势,也说明藻细胞内部叶绿素向其他色素转变,同时标志着绿色阶段的结束。绿色阶段培养过程中,藻液pH变化幅度较大,由初始值7.0左右上升到9.30左右,但是培养后期处理组与对照组藻液pH并无显著差异。在测定藻液虾青素含量时,仅HS处理组虾青素含量略高于对照组,但并无显著差异;通过计算单个藻细胞虾青素含量发现DBQ处理组单个藻细胞虾青素含量显著高于对照组。     

FZF3-1型海洋资料浮标系统

介绍了我国自行研制的最新一代用于海洋环境监测的大型FZF3—1型海洋资料浮标系统，论述了该系统的总体技术结构、原理和性能，以及应用PC—104微机作为浮标数据采集控制系统的情况。     

三锚浮标系统研究

海洋浮标是一种现代化的海洋观测设施。它具有全天候、全天时稳定可靠的收集海洋环境资料的能力,并能实现数据的自动采集、自动标示和自动发送。海洋浮标与卫星、飞机、调查船、潜水器及声波探测设备一起,组成了探测海洋奥秘的主体监测系统。论文详细阐述了水面浮标采用的新型三锚系留系统的组成、优点、以及克服的技术难题。     

通迅网络:公司空间组织、联系和运行的战略要素

文章试图在公司内、公司间和公司对外联系中分析ＩＣＴｓ网络的应用及客观环境。认为通过在组织和行为之间建立网络关系将可能影响区位模式并改变组织方式     

江苏溧阳透闪石玉的研究

利用电子探针、X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电镜等测试方法,对江苏省溧阳过去发现的白玉和新发现的青白玉、青玉和碧玉进行了研究,结果表明溧阳透闪石玉的主要矿物组成为透闪石,Na含量正常,而不是以前文献所报导的钠透闪石;其主要结构与和田玉基本一致,证明了溧阳透闪石玉也是一种典型的透闪石玉.本文还论述了其成因,指出了进一步找矿及考古意义.     

信息通信技术（ICTs）——区域发展的催化剂

介绍了一些关于信息通信技术和通信传输网络在区域发展中应用的实例，提出了一些关于曜息通信技术在区域发展和地区规划上应用的方针，这项研究也是区域之间消除边界障碍，建立最优区际关系的需要。