利用Argo资料研究2001-2004年期间西北太平洋海洋上层对热带气旋的响应

利用Argo剖面浮标观测资料,对2001-2004年11月期间西北太平洋热带气旋经过后海洋上层的响应作了分析研究.结果显示,热带气旋经过后,55.6%的观测剖面其混合层深度会加深,范围在0-60m,并且在气旋过后5d内更为明显;由于混合加剧,大约有77.8%的观测剖面其混合层温度会下降,最多达5℃;61.1%的混合层盐度会下降,平均降盐约0.12;表层流速增大的占54%,平均增大30cm·s,表层流速的变化与风速的大小呈正相关,相关系数仅为0.06;混合层内温度变化与热带气旋风速呈负相关,相关系数为-0.15;混合层温度下降有明显的右偏现象,在气旋路径右侧50-150km处,温度下降尤为明显,而混合层盐度在气旋路径两侧的变化基本呈对称状分布;混合层深度在气旋路径右侧加深更为明显,在右侧100 150km范围内达到最大;混合层深度的变化与气旋经过前混合层的初始深度呈明显的负相关,相关系数达-0.42.     

联合国政府间海洋学委员会会议决议(XX-6)Argo计划

政府间海洋学委员会考虑到(1 )由联合国资助的项目 ,包括全球海洋观测系统 (GOOS)、全球气候观测系统 (GCOS)及全球气候变异与预测实验 (CLIVAR) ,正在设计一个试验性的计划 ,即全球海洋数据同化试验 (GODAE) ,其目的是帮助海洋预报 ,为近海预报提供边界条件 ,以及帮助季节性、年际间的天气预报。(2 ) GODAE将很好的满足以下的需求 :(a)大大改善不同地区的合作及数据的流动 ;(b)改善海洋模式及数据同化技术来开发这种信息 ,以满足不同用户的需求。比如公共组织对一些基础的可观测数据的需要 ,其目的是监测并评定气候的变化及其影…     

台风期间的海洋观测及其新技术发展

国外近几年已经研发出两种专门用于台风期间海洋观测的新技术,并在大西洋海域得到了试应用。文章将着重介绍这两种新型的观测仪器设备及其所取得的初步观测和研究结果。     

利用Argo剖面浮标分析上层海洋对台风“布拉万”的响应

In situ observations from Argo profiling floats combined with satellite retrieved SST and rain rate are used to investigate an upper ocean response to Typhoon Bolaven from 20 through 29 August 2012. After the passage of Typhoon Bolaven, the deepening of mixed layer depth(MLD), and the cooling of mixed layer temperature(MLT) were observed. The changes in mixed layer salinity(MLS) showed an equivalent number of increasing and decreasing because the typhoon-induced salinity changes in the mixed layer were influenced by precipitation, evaporation, turbulent mixing and upwelling of thermocline water. The deepening of the MLD and the cooling of the MLT indicated a significant rightward bias, whereas the MLS was freshened to the left side of the typhoon track and increased on the other side. Intensive temperature and salinity profiles observed by Iridium floats make it possible to view response processes in the upper ocean after the passage of a typhoon. The cooling in the near-surface and the warming in the subsurface were observed by two Iridium floats located to the left side of the cyclonic track during the development stage of the storm, beyond the radius of maximum winds relative to the typhoon center. Water salinity increases at the base of the mixed layer and the top of the thermocline were the most obvious change observed by those two floats. On the right side of the track and near the typhoon center when the typhoon was intensified, the significant cooling from sea surface to a depth of 200×104 Pa, with the exception of the water at the top of the thermocline, was observed by the other Iridium float. Owing to the enhanced upwelling near the typhoon center, the water salinity in the near-surface increased noticeably. The heat pumping from the mixed layer into the thermocline induced by downwelling and the upwelling induced by the positive wind stress curl are the main causes for the different temperature and salinity variations on the different sides of the track. It seems that more time is required for the anomalies in the subsurface to be restored to pretyphoon conditions than for the anomalies in the mixed layer.     

赤道西太平洋暖池次表层水温与热带气旋的关系

为探索赤道西太平洋暖池次表层水温异常与热带气旋的关系,用赤道西太平洋暖池和南海SOTA实测资料,对TC的影响做了统计分析。赤道西太平洋暖池SOTA与同步西太平洋TC个数不存在线性相关;赤道西太平洋暖池1月SOTA滞后5～7个月影响西太平洋的TC;赤道西太平洋暖池区1月的SOTA出现正(负)距平值时,当年西北太平洋和南海的TC生成时间比常年提早(推迟)是主要现象,极值年份尤其明显,当年夏季西北太平洋副热带高压偏弱(强),位置偏北(南),西太平洋暖池区上空对流加强(减弱),对台风生成有(不)利,台风生成平均位置偏西(东),TC的个数偏多(少)、偏强(弱),易于出现西行(东北转向)路径为主;南海中北部2月SOTA出现偏暖(冷)年,当年南海TC生成日期偏早(晚)、数量偏多(少)、偏强(弱)是主要现象。赤道西太平洋暖池SOTA对TC影响明显,时间滞后。     

全球Argo实时海洋观测网全面建成

文中较详尽地介绍了全球Argo实时海洋观测网建设现状,以及Argo资料在相关领域应用研究中所取得的成果,揭示了Argo资料广阔的应用研究前景。但要实现国际Argo计划的最终目标,尚需各参与国不遗余力。