吕宋海峡附近海域水团分布及季节变化特征

利用2003年2月至2009年4月期间在吕宋海峡附近海域由Argo剖面浮标观测的温、盐度资料,对该海域的水团分布及季节变化特征进行了探讨.结果表明,在120.5°-122.75°E、19°-23°N范围内,水团特征介于南海水和北太平洋水之间,而19°N以南区域的水交换并不显著.北太平洋热带水(NPTW)和北太平洋中层水(NPIW)通过吕宋海峡入侵南海的趋势在夏季较弱.秋季,NPTW入侵南海的趋势增强,而到了冬季,受东北季风控制,北太平洋水的入侵程度最强,然而并无NPIW进入南海的迹象.值得指出的是,整年没有发现明显的NPIW进入南海,而南海中层水可以通过海峡流入太平洋,其强度在秋、冬季节达到最大.     

Argo网络数据库可视化平台技术及其应用

文中系统介绍了改进后的Argo网络数据库可视化平台结构、功能及其应用,以方便广大Argo资料用户对改进后的该平台有一全面的了解,推动Argo资料的应用研究进程。     

西北太平洋台风海域实时海洋监测

简要阐述了西北太平洋台风海域实时海洋监测及其对台风预测预报的重要意义,以及利用卫星跟踪的自动剖面浮标实时监测海洋环境要素的必要性和迫切性。2010–2016 年期间,中国 Argo 在该海域布放了 36 个铱卫星剖面浮标,利用其双向通讯功能,实现在台风天气条件下对上层海洋进行加密观测,从而获取到台风源地及其经过前后上层海洋的现场环境要素资料;开发研制了台风海域实时海洋环境智能服务平台, 实现了对台风路径附近 Argo 剖面浮标位置的实时监控、漂移轨迹的可视化追踪、观测参数的快速调整以及观测资料的高效检索和统计分析等智能管理目标。最后,展望西北太平洋台风海域 Argo 实时海洋监测网的发展及应用前景,设想在西北太平洋台风海域建设并维持一个由 30~45 个浮标组成的 Argo 实时海洋监测网,从而为台风预测预报提供更多、更有针对性的第一手资料。     

全球海洋Argo网格数据集制作与可靠性验证

利用改进的 Barnes 逐步订正法,结合一个混合层模型,构建完成了一个新版(2004-2017 年) 全球海洋(79. 5°S~79. 5°N,180°W~180°E)Argo 三维网格温、盐度资料集及衍生数据产品。 与旧版网格数据集相比,新版数据集采用一阶近似(表层温、盐度通过混合层内温、盐度线性拟合得出)的混合层模型,改善了资料集在表层的准确性;与 WOA13 资料集、同类 Argo 资料集和锚碇浮标观测资料的可靠性检验结果表明,新版全球海洋 Argo 网格数据集提供的资料是可信的,其质量也是有充分保证的。     

AUTOSAL8400B型实验室盐度计及其应用

AUTOSAL 84 0 0 B型实验室盐度计是一种高精度的测量海水电导率 (换算盐度 )的仪器 ,其测量精度可达到± 0 .0 0 2 psu,被广泛应用于海洋环境测量以及现场和实验室仪器定标等领域。它的高精度测量特性在深海大洋中显得尤其重要。本文将详细介绍该盐度计的性能 ,以及操作步骤和使用技巧等 ,以便充分展示和发挥该盐度计的作用     

HM2000型剖面浮标的主要特征及其应用

HM2000 型剖面浮标是一种新颖的国产海洋观测仪器,可以长期在海上自由漂移并连续测量 0~2 000 m 水深内的海水温、盐度剖面数据,已被国际 Argo 组织用于全球 Argo 实时海洋观测网建设和维护。 详细介绍了该型浮标的工作原理、结构、功能和主要技术指标等,并与 APEX 型浮标进行了比较分析, 表明了 HM2000 型剖面浮标具有明显的功能优势,且测量的温、盐度质量是有足够保证的,完全可以替代国外浮标用来主导建设我国的 Argo 区域海洋观测网。     

智慧海洋国际共享应用平台发展趋势及其对策建议

当前,我国正在全面开展智慧海洋建设,各种新研发观测平台不断涌现,但是围绕智慧海洋的信息化建设仍显落后,在数据管理、质量控制方法和系统开发等方面与发达国家仍存在较大差距。文章通过分析国内外海洋共享应用平台的发展趋势及其特点,从数据管理方法、质量控制和系统设计开发等多个方面找出差距所在。研究表明,与国外相比,国内存在共享平台业务化运行不多的问题,为实现数据的规范化,并给出尽快制定针对不同观测平台数据管理规范、加强数据质量控制方法研究、加强具备专业知识的系统设计人才培养等建议。     

Significant salinity increase in subsurface waters of the South China Sea during 2016–2017

The South China Sea(SCS) is the largest semi-enclosed marginal sea in the North Pacific. Salinity changes in the SCS play an important role in regional and global ocean circulation and the hydrological cycle. However, there are few studies on salinity changes over the SCS due to lack of high-quality and long-term observations. In the past decade, the deployment of floats from the Argo program in the SCS and their accumulated temperature and salinity profiles have made it possible for us to examine salinity changes over the entire basin. In this study,salinity changes were investigated with Argo and underwater glider temperature and salinity observations and gridded temperature–salinity objective analyses(UK Met Office Hadley Centre EN4.2.1 objective analysis and China Argo Real-time Data Center BOA_Argo). The results indicated that the subsurface water in the entire SCS became significantly saltier during 2016–2017. The most significant salinity increase was found during 2016 in the northeastern SCS. The subsurface water in the northeastern SCS exhibited a salinity maximum above 35, which was recorded by three Argo floats during 2015–2016. Such high salinity water was rarely observed and reported prior to the Argo era. Average salinity of 2016–2017 along the 25.5σ_θ–23.5σ_θ isopycnal surfaces in the whole SCS is 0.014-0.130 higher than the climatology. Increases in subsurface salinity started from the northeastern SCS and extended southwestward gradually. Moreover, the subsurface salinity changes, especially in the northern SCS,exhibited a semiannual lead behind the subsurface Luzon Strait transport. Further analysis indicated that the predominance of advection, driven by subsurface Luzon Strait transport, led to salinification along the western boundary of the SCS. In other parts of the SCS, negative wind stress curl trends tended to preserve the high salinity characteristics of the subsurface water.     

The upper ocean response to tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific analyzed with Argo data

A large number of autonomous profiling floats deployed in global oceans have provided abundant temperature and salinity profiles of the upper ocean. Many floats occasionally profile observations during the passage of tropical cyclones. These in-situ observations are valuable and useful in studying the ocean’s response to tropical cyclones, which are rarely observed due to harsh weather conditions. In this paper, the upper ocean response to the tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific during 2000–2005 is analyzed and discussed based on the data from Argo profiling floats. Results suggest that the passage of tropical cyclones caused the deepening of mixed layer depth (MLD), cooling of mixed layer temperature (MLT), and freshening of mixed layer salinity (MLS). The change in MLT is negatively correlated to wind speed. The cooling of the MLT extended for 50–150 km on the right side of the cyclone track. The change of MLS is almost symmetrical in distribution on both sides of the track, and the change of MLD is negatively correlated to pre-cyclone initial MLD.     

联合国政府间海洋学委员会会议决议(XX-6)Argo计划

政府间海洋学委员会考虑到(1 )由联合国资助的项目 ,包括全球海洋观测系统 (GOOS)、全球气候观测系统 (GCOS)及全球气候变异与预测实验 (CLIVAR) ,正在设计一个试验性的计划 ,即全球海洋数据同化试验 (GODAE) ,其目的是帮助海洋预报 ,为近海预报提供边界条件 ,以及帮助季节性、年际间的天气预报。(2 ) GODAE将很好的满足以下的需求 :(a)大大改善不同地区的合作及数据的流动 ;(b)改善海洋模式及数据同化技术来开发这种信息 ,以满足不同用户的需求。比如公共组织对一些基础的可观测数据的需要 ,其目的是监测并评定气候的变化及其影…