Prestack reverse-time depth migration of arbitrarily wide-angle wave equations

Based on arbitrarily wide-angle wave equations,a reverse-time propagation scheme is developed by substituting the partial derivatives of depth and time with central differences. The partial derivative of horizontal direction is replaced with high order difference. The imaging condition is computed by solving the eikonal equations. On the basis of above techniques,a prestack reverse-time depth migration algorithm is developed. The processing exam-ples of synthetic data show that the method can remove unwanted internal reflections and decrease the migration noise. The method also has the advantage of fidelity and is applicable of dip angle reflector imaging.     

南海北部珠江口盆地西南段断裂特征与成因讨论

珠江口盆地是南海北部陆缘新生代发育的裂陷型盆地,其油气资源丰富,且地处洋陆过渡带,盆地内部断裂特征复杂.在前人研究基础上,利用高分辨率三维地震数据,结合多属性分析技术,完善了区域断裂的精细化解释.将断裂构造类型依据断裂级别与规模划分为控盆一级断裂、控凹二级断裂、控带三级断裂、控圈四级断裂和控层五级小断裂;在盆地西南段发育典型的犁式、旋转正断层等单剖面断裂样式,在地震剖面上形成阶梯状、“Y”字型等多种断层组合,其中珠三坳陷的文昌A凹陷内部常可见树枝状构造,珠二坳陷的开平凹陷广泛分布独特的卷心式断层;而在二维平面上也分布有平行式、斜交式、雁列式等多种组合类型.受新生代以来的持续右旋应力场作用,盆地西南段整体断裂走向以NE→EW→NW顺时针方向发生旋转,且断裂活动速率逐渐降低.结果表明受印度-欧亚板块碰撞、太平洋板块俯冲后撤和古南海持续南移的联合影响,盆地西南段处在伸展拉张应力场环境之下,形成了始新世-渐新世NE-NEE向、EW向和中新世NWW-NW向3组断裂发育.珠江口盆地西南段断裂构造的演化、成因机制与南海北部陆缘应力场变化均保持良好的一致性.      

任意广角方程逆时偏移的脉冲响应及模型试算

采用高阶差分法求解任意广角声波方程,推导了各向同性介质中任意广角声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移的差分算子,给出了适用于任意广角声波方程逆时延拓的吸收边界条件和其计算方法,在此基础上实现了任意广角声波方程的高精度逆时延拓。分析了不同模型条件下任意广角声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移的脉冲响应,分析结果表明,任意广角方程逆时偏移算子可压制层间反射波,减少偏移噪声,理论模型的成像结果表明该方法能够对复杂构造模型精确成像。