An Early Cretaceous slab window beneath central Tibet,SW China: Evidence from OIB‐like alkaline gabbros in the Duolong area

The geodynamic mechanism of the late Early Cretaceous magmatic flare‐up in the collisional zone between the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes in Tibet is controversial because of a scarcity of robust evidence. To address this problem, we report geochronological, geochemical and Hf isotopic data for the newly discovered Gufeng gabbros from the Duolong Cu–Au mineral district of the western Bangong–Nujiang Suture Zone (BNSZ). The gabbro samples, dated at 126.3 ± 1.8 Ma, show geochemical similarities to typical ocean island basalt (OIB) and have positive εHf(t) values of +3.3 to +6.9. The gabbros were generated by decompression melting of deep upwelling asthenosphere. This event is best explained by slab break‐off and the resultant development of a slab window beneath central Tibet.     

Directional interpolation infinite element for dynamic problems in saturated porous media

In this study, a directional interpolation infinite element suited to a saturated porous medium is presented to account for dynamic problems with semi-infi     

A multiscale work-analysis approach for geotechnical structures

This paper presents a second-order work analysis in application to geotechnical problems by using a novel effective multiscale approach. To abandon complicated equations involved in conventional phenomenological models, this multiscale approach employs a micromechanically-based formulation, in which only four parameters are involved. The multiscale approach makes it possible a coupling of the finite element method (FEM) and the micromechanically-based model. The FEM is used to solve the boundary value problem (BVP) while the micromechanically-based model is utilized at the Gauss point of the FEM. Then, the multiscale approach is used to simulate a three-dimensional triaxial test and a plain-strain footing. On the basis of the simulations, material instabilities are analyzed at both mesoscale and global scale. The second-order work criterion is then used to analyze the numerical results. It opens a road to interpret and understand the micromechanisms hiding behind the occurrence of failure in geotechnical issues.     

BLazar天体的光变及多波段能谱特性

本文综述了活动星系核 ,特别是blazar天体的研究现状 ,对blazar天体的多波段与多波段能谱特性研究进行了较为详细的评述。主要的研究工作包括以下内容 :(一 )γ噪blazar天体的短时标光变研究 ,通过对 1 6个γ噪blazar天体 (其中包括全部已证认和观测到VHEγ射线爆发的可能甚高能γ射线源 )自 1 998年的光学观测及光变分析研究表明 ,短时标光变 (小时量级 )是GeVγ噪blazar天体的普遍特性 ,光变幅度通常可达 0 .6mag/h ,对PKS 1 51 0 -0 89类星体的观测发现在一个小时内对象变暗 2个星等 ,对如此激烈的光变变暗目前的理论还不能很好的解释 ,但它同样反映了辐射区域的内部结构 ;而对TBLs的监测表明 ,其光学波段的短时标光变没有其他对象激烈 ,出现的频度和振幅变化都较小 ;(二 )在研究γ噪blazar天体光变时 ,研究了寄主星系对光变的影响 ,得到了 1ES 2 3 44 + 51 4的光变与PSF的FWHM的关联 ,表明随着大气视宁度的下降 (即FWHM变大 ) ,对象变暗 ,即由于寄主星系的影响从而导致假光变的产生 ;(三 )引进两个多波段复合谱指数 ,αxox=αox-αx 及αoro=αor-αo。对样本的统计研究表明 ,RBLs是能谱特性界于XBLs和OVVs之间的一类中间态 ,所得结果支持了Sambrunaetal.( 1 996)大样本多波段能谱分布特性的统计研     

Numerical prediction of blast‐induced stress wave from large‐scale underground explosion

This paper presents a numerical model for predicting the dynamic response of rock mass subjected to large‐scale underground explosion. The model is calibrated against data obtained from large‐scale field tests. The Hugoniot equation of state for rock mass is adopted to calculate the pressure as a function of mass density. A piecewise linear Drucker–Prager strength criterion including the strain rate effect is employed to model the rock mass behaviour subjected to blast loading. A double scalar damage model accounting for both the compression and tension damage is introduced to simulate the damage zone around the charge chamber caused by blast loading. The model is incorporated into Autodyn3D through its user subroutines. The numerical model is then used to predict the dynamic response of rock mass, in terms of the peak particle velocity (PPV) and peak particle acceleration (PPA) attenuation laws, the damage zone, the particle velocity time histories and their frequency contents for large‐scale underground explosion tests. The computed results are found in good agreement with the field measured data; hence, the proposed model is proven to be adequate for simulating the dynamic response of rock mass subjected to large‐scale underground explosion. Extended numerical analyses indicate that, apart from the charge loading density, the stress wave intensity is also affected, but to a lesser extent, by the charge weight and the charge chamber geometry for large‐scale underground explosions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

无定河流域下游段河冰形成演变的数学模型研究

冰凌是北方河流冬春季常见的现象, 由于环境因素的变化, 河道冰情也在不断的变化, 甚至在一些地区出现凌汛灾害. 根据冰塞形成发展的机理, 利用水力学模型和热力学模型模拟研究了无定河流域下游段丁家沟至白家川的每年春季河流水位、封河日期和开河日期. 模拟结果较为理想, 并分析了形成凌汛的原因, 旨在给该区域水循环研究、水资源的开发利用、水土保持等工作提供有力的科学技术支持.     

高寒地区傍河型地下水水源地论证

地下水水源地论证是新建和扩建地下水水源地的前提,高寒地区傍河型地下水水源地论证在关注地下水质量和允许开采量的同时,非常注重水源地含水层开采对水环境及其它用水户的影响.本文以黑龙江省孙吴县热电厂供水水源地为例,从论证目标、约束条件和论证方法等方面对高寒地区傍河型地下水水源地进行了论证.结果表明,高寒地区傍河型浅薄含水层地下水水源地的补给来源在冬季主要为含水层侧向径流补给;孙吴县热电厂供水水源地可以满足热电厂正常运转对水质和水量的要求,并且不会对区域水资源和其它用水户产生影响.     

阜新—朝阳高速公路段黄土三轴剪切特性研究

对取自阜新—朝阳高速公路段的黄土进行了14C测年、颗粒分析、湿陷及常规试验等,对比分析了其基本特性,通过三轴剪切试验,获得了不同含水量的黄土剪切孔压、固结孔压、抗剪强度及剪切变形的变化特征。分析认为,辽西黄土此类特性由黄土的物质成分和结构特征所决定。对不同含水量的黄土剪切变形曲线建立力学模型,拟合结果表明,对于脆性破坏的应变软化曲线,刘祖典模型描述的效果并不理想,而文中建议的经验模型则较为适合。     

敦化盆地上侏罗统-上新统地层划分对比讨论

利用野外资料、地震资料、煤田钻孔资料以及古生物资料,对松辽盆地外围探区敦化盆地的代表性地层划分方案进行了梳理,通过敦化盆地与周缘盆地之间的对比和分析,得出下列认识:(1)明确了珲春组的时代为始新世—渐新世;(2)指出白垩系上统龙井组地层在敦化盆地内可能是不存在的;(3)将原帽儿山组上段和下段分别划归泉水村组和长财组;(4)认为大砬子组、泉水村组、长财组和屯田营组在敦化盆地内是存在的,并通过盆间岩性地层和古生物地层对比指出大砬子组的时代可能为早白垩世阿普特期(Aptian)—阿尔布期(Albian),长财组时代可能为早白垩世贝利阿斯期—阿普特期;(5)对敦化盆地内几个地方地层名称的使用进行了修正;(6)建立了敦化盆地内目前可供参考使用的地层序列。     

地下管线内损伤电视检测系统的研制

介绍了地下管线内损伤电视检测系统的基本结构、工作原理、主要技术参数及其现场试验情况。