Seismicity and observations of Lg wave attenuation in Greenland

Earthquakes of local magnitudes between and have occurred in Greenland in the last few decades. Most of the earthquakes are located near the coasts. Some of the earthquake zones are connected to known tectonic features in and near Greenland.The magnitude determinations are based on Lg wave amplitudes and are calibrated using the m_b determinations of the International Seismological Centre. The attenuation of the Lg waves differs from region to region. Along some paths crossing younger geologic features the attenuation is large compared to that in the paths of the old crystalline shield rocks. The Lg wave propagation is influenced by the Greenland ice cap. All the long paths go through the interior of Greenland with its 2–3 km ice cap thickness and they exhibit relatively large Lg wave attenuation.     

Seasonal variation of diel vertical migration of zooplankton from ADCP backscatter time series data in the Lazarev Sea,Antarctica

Ten-month time series of mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS) and vertical velocity obtained from three moored acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) deployed from February until December 2005 at 64°S, 66.5°S and 69°S along the Greenwich Meridian were used to analyse the diel vertical zooplankton migration (DVM) and its seasonality and regional variability in the Lazarev Sea. The estimated MVBS exhibited distinct patterns of DVM at all three mooring sites. Between February and October, the timing of the DVM and the residence time of zooplankton at depth were clearly governed by the day–night rhythm. Mean daily cycles of the ADCP-derived vertical velocity were calculated for successive months and showed maximum ascent and descent velocities of 16 and –15 mm s^?1. However, a change of the MVBS pattern occurred in late spring/early austral summer (October/November), when the zooplankton communities ceased their synchronous vertical migration at all three mooring sites. Elevated MVBS values were then concentrated in the uppermost layers (<50 m) at 66.5°S. This period coincided with the decay of sea ice coverage at 64°S and 66.5°S between early November and mid-December. Elevated chlorophyll concentrations, which were measured at the end of the deployment, extended from 67°S to 65°S and indicated a phytoplankton bloom in the upper 50 m. Thus, we propose that the increased food supply associated with an ice edge bloom caused the zooplankton communities to cease their DVM in favour of feeding.     

Gut content analyses of three dominant Antarctic copepod species during an induced phytoplankton bloom EIFEX (European iron fertilization experiment)

The diet of three Antarctic copepods, Calanus simillimus , Rhincalanus gigas and Pleuromamma robusta , was studied from samples collected during the European iron fertilization experiment (EIFEX) in austral fall 2004. The diet was investigated using microscopical gut content analysis. The food spectra of the three copepod species showed a clear overlap. The pennate diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis was commonly found in all guts. Large numbers of cells were fractured, but some were found complete when arranged as chains. The same was true for the genus Chaetoceros , a centric diatom, of which even their long and complete setae could be observed. In general the ingested food particles extended over a wide size range up to a few 100 μm. The copepod C. simillimus , for example, fed on large foraminifera and swallowed them whole. Compared to C. simillimus and R. gigas , P. robusta guts contained a higher percentage and larger diversity of hard-shelled protozoa including tintinnids, Radiolaria and Acantharia.     

G856-ZD质子旋进磁分量仪及其应用

G856-ZD质子旋进磁分量仪是在原G856质子旋进磁力仪的基础上再开发而成的.该仪器采用双CPU工作方式,并且保留了G856质子旋进磁力仪的原有功能.其基本原理是用补偿法测量磁分量.将探头放在一组正交Helmholtz线圈内,同时加上补偿电流,使探头所在的空间得到均匀的补偿磁场,从而实现了磁分量和磁偏角的连续自动观测.     

赣中变质岩带变泥砂质岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

赣中变质岩带主要由变泥砂质岩石和少量斜长角闪岩组成.30个变泥砂质岩石样品分析表明,稀土元素分布模式显示明显富集轻稀土元素及Eu负异常[∑REE=129～296μg/g,δEu=0.51～0.86,(La/Yb)N=3.95～12.9],其不相容元素比值高(Th/Sc=0.57～3.59、La/Sc=1.46～12.4、La/Yb=5.84～19.0、La/Sm=4.69～6.87、Th/U=3.40～6.42),大离子亲石元素富集,Zr、Hf、Sc、Ti、Y、HREE和Sr含量较低,其原岩应为一套砂泥质岩石,沉积于远离陆地的克拉通大陆架浅海环境;δBa=0.10～0.93,Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄tDM=1597～2525Ma,εNd(0)=-9.9～-15.8,其源区物质主体由古元古代富铝富钾的花岗质岩石和(或)碎屑沉积岩构成,经历了较强的化学风化作用.     

重庆轻轨大堰基地挡土墙变形原因分析

通过观察挡墙变形裂缝和分析测量数据,对大面积堆载引起的地基不均匀沉降的原因进行了阐述,指出填土地基在压实处理时的不均匀性,造成局部地基强度偏低,雨季地表水体下渗,降低了土体强度是引起挡墙局部不均匀沉降的主要原因.根据实际情况,提出了立即封闭地表、减少水体下渗、适当增加挖孔桩配筋量、建立观测网、实施有效监测的处理措施.     

大别造山带北缘中生代地层格架厘定

大别山北麓陆相中生代地层发育 ,由于缺乏可靠生物化石证据 ,地层的划分和对比直到现在仍然存在巨大分歧 ,这制约了造山带研究的深入。根据对发现的火山岩碎屑和 K- Ar同位素年代学数据 (10 3.6— 138.3Ma)研究 ,表明凤凰山组、周公山组和毛坦厂组同属于早白垩世 ,并且可能是同期异相产物 ;覆盖在毛坦厂组之上的黑石渡组亦为早白垩世。根据地层接触关系、同位素年龄数据和岩相对比 ,三尖辅组以中侏罗世为主 ,可能跨早、晚侏罗世 ,与防虎山组和圆筒山组为同期异相。已有的石榴石重矿物分析和孢粉研究支持上述结论。地层接触关系表明白大畈组为早白垩世火山岩。     

冬小麦冬前正积温变化趋势预测

运用逐步回归周期分析方法，即均值生成函数、逐步回归分析方法的综合应用，对郑州冬小麦冬前正积温变化趋势进行预测。1989－1998年历史年代回代结果平均绝对误差28．6℃，平均相对误差3．9％；1999、2000年预报与实测值相当接近。     

Crustal inhomogeneities and seismicity near the margins of the North Atlantic Ocean

Some very pronounced crustal inhomogeneities have been found in the North Sea and in Greenland, in regions which were adjacent to each other before the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean by sea-floor spreading. Some of these regions of inhomogeneities are zones of relatively high seismicity, while others are aseismic. In the North Sea, the Viking Graben has earthquakes, while its southern continuation, the Central Graben, is almost aseismic. In eastern Greenland, there are only few earthquakes near the Mesozoic graben, while there is a prominent earthquake zone at the coast line in north-eastern Greenland. It is concluded that, superposed on the apparent similarities in the two regions, some differences in stress conditions or crustal weakness patterns must exist.