MPLS VPN高速区域网络在天津地震监测系统中的应用.

天津市地震局在“十五”及“十一五”期间,利用MPLS VPN技术,建成了全国最快的区域级地震通信网络系统,实现了54个节点的高带宽互联.本文详细阐述了MPLS VPN技术在天津地震监测系统中的建设与应用情况,以期为今后更好的服务于地震行业提供参考.     

NagiosQL软件在开源网络管理系统中的应用

NagiosQL开源软件,实现了对Nagios系统的监控对象、监控命令、分组信息等配置要素的图形化管理工作,方便了Nagios系统的进一步深入应用.本文阐述NagiosQL软件在天津市地震局开源网络管理系统中的应用,包括与Nagios系统的集成、联调和使用情况,是开源软件在地震行业中新的应用参考.     

全国山洪灾害调查评价成果及规律初探

山洪灾害调查评价是1949年来水利行业最大的非工程措施项目,是规模最大的全国性防灾减灾基础信息普查工程,历时4年,涉及全国30个省305个市2138个防治县（区）,国土面积755万km²,人口近9亿。运用普查、详查、外业测量、分析计算等多种手段,掌握了中国山洪灾害防治区范围、人员分布、下垫面条件、社会经济、历史山洪灾害等基本情况,科学分析了山丘区小流域的暴雨洪水特性,评价了现状防洪能力,计算了预警指标,划定了危险区,为山洪灾害预警预报和应急救援决策提供了基础信息支撑。本文系统介绍了全国山洪灾害调查评价的核心要点,综述了调查评价成果,归纳了调查评价成果要素类型,揭示了全国山洪灾害防治区、人口、历史山洪灾害事件与预警能力的空间分布一致性,即山洪灾害各要素集中分布于青藏高原-四川盆地过渡带、川滇交界地区、黄土高原区、东部沿海地区及华北等地区,最后初步探讨了该成果的应用前景。全国山洪灾害调查评价成果将为中国山洪灾害监测预警预报体系建设及防灾减灾能力提升提供丰富的基础数据支撑。     

基于GNSS和SLR观测数据的北斗卫星(GEO/IGSO)精密定轨

研究了联合GNSS和卫星激光测距（satellite laser ranging,SLR）观测数据对北斗卫星定轨精度的影响。仅利用GNSS观测值对北斗卫星进行定轨时,C01、C08和C10卫星的SLR检核结果显示,这3颗卫星的SLR残差均存在一定的偏差且不相同。加入SLR观测值联合定轨时,分别对估计和不估计系统偏差的卫星轨道结果进行分析。结果显示,对C01（GEO）卫星加入SLR观测值时必须引入系统偏差,否则会使轨道偏离;C08和C10（IGSO）卫星估计和不估计系统偏差时对预报轨道的精度均有一定的改善。最后统计了这3颗卫星的系统偏差,C01卫星的系统偏差达到50 cm,C08和C10卫星的系统偏差在5 cm以内。     

L形截面短肢剪力墙抗震性能的模型试验研究

为了研究L形截面短肢剪力墙的抗震性能,对6个1/2缩尺比例的L形截面短肢剪力墙试件进行了低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了轴压比、截面高厚比、剪跨比等参数变化时,对试件的承载力、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特性等抗震性能的影响。结果表明:L形截面短肢剪力墙试件扭转变形较小,试件以弯剪破坏为主,腹板底部为试件最薄弱部位,剪跨比小,轴压比大的试件腹板中心剪切破坏现象明显;试件随着截面高厚比、轴压比的提高,极限承载力增加,试件耗能能力变差、延性下降明显;L形截面短肢剪力墙试件在截面高厚比适中,为6.5∶1时,经济、抗震性能也较好。     

轴压比对RC框架实现“强柱弱梁”的影响研究

针对现浇楼板中板筋对纵向梁抗弯能力的提高作用,采用ABAQUS进行不同轴压比下的RC空间框架结构非线性分析,通过不同节点处的梁、柱钢筋应力对比,讨论了不同轴压比对应的结构和同一结构中不同节点位置在实现"强柱弱梁"上的难易程度以及梁端塑性铰的出现条件。研究结果表明,轴压比对板筋在纵向梁抗弯能力中参与程度的影响较大,低轴压比的结构比高轴压比的结构更容易出现梁端塑性铰;同一结构中内节点对应的纵向梁端比外节点更难出现塑性铰;为实现"大震不倒",建议在满足现行结构设计规范提出的相关要求外,对同一节点处的梁、柱端实际承载能力进行复核,使得考虑了现浇楼板参与作用后的梁端实际承载力依然小于柱端实际承载力。     

Consolidation of sediments discharged from the Yellow River: implications for sediment erodibility

Consolidation processes acting on an intertidal mudflat in the Yellow River delta, China, were investigated using field and laboratory experiments. The dissipation of excess pore pressure was examined in an excavated experimental plot to characterise the short-term consolidation of sediments discharged from the Yellow River. Changes in sediment strength were monitored over a 5-year period, together with measurements of physical and mechanical properties using laboratory experiments. In addition, the erodibility of silty sediments under wave loading conditions was also tested in the field. Results showed that sediments discharged from the Yellow River experienced a high rate of consolidation after initial deposition. Excess pore pressure dissipated completely after approximately 45 to 51 h. Sediments were then in a state of quasi-overconsolidation and showed heterogeneity in strength. Hydrodynamic action appears to be crucial to sediment consolidation in the primary period and plays a decisive role in the development of a stiff stratum. Changes in sediment strength due to wave-induced secondary modifications over varying temporal and spatial scales are consistent with variations in sediment erodibility. This factor should be considered in the development of erosion models for intertidal mudflat sediments.     

JpGraph绘图类库在地震数据展示中的应用

天津市地震局在进行地震观测数据可视化发布工作中,采用PHP语言及JpGraph类库实现了前兆类观测数据在WEB页面中的图形化展示,扩展了PHP语言在行业数据发布与展示系统中的应用,本文主要阐述JpGraph类库的应用及在使用中遇到的问题.     

Bacteria‐removing and Bactericidal Efficiencies of PDADMAC Composite Coagulants in Enhanced Coagulation Treatment

Enhanced coagulation treatment of bacteria‐containing raw water was studied by using three series of composite coagulants, that were prepared by combining polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) with different intrinsic viscosity values (0.55–2.47 dL/g) and mass percentages (5–20%) with polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate (AS), and the composite of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride (A‐F), respectively. The coagulants were tested by jar tests for the efficiencies to remove bacteria in raw water and to kill bacteria in settled sludge. It was found that when the residual turbidity of supernatant after sedimentation reached the control standard of 2 NTU in drinking water plant, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC, AS, and A‐F were 92.22, 92.60, and 94.99%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates were 2.52, 1.22, and 2.94%, respectively. Contrastively, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC/PDADMAC, AS/PDADMAC, and A‐F/PDADMAC could reach 95.45, 96.90, and 98.89%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates could reach 86.60, 91.81, and 96.98%, respectively. It could be deduced from the results that the bactericidal efficiencies of composite coagulants stemmed from the bactericidal action of PDADMAC, and the inorganic coagulants had little bactericidal function.