鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组地层水化学特征及成因类型分析

运用地层水物理化学分析方法对鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组地层水离子浓度、矿化度、离子组合等特征进行综合研究,从而揭示其类型、演化过程和成因。研究结果表明,研究区地层水以Cl^–、（ Na⁺+ K⁺）离子为主,SO₄^2-及Ca²⁺离子次之,具较高矿化度;地层水为盐水和卤水,主要为CaCl₂型和Na₂SO₄型;Piper三线图解表明,未发生淡水混入作用,整体为交替停滞的缺氧还原环境。研究区延安组地层水矿化度高、离子浓度组合特征反映地层具较强的还原环境,有利于油藏保存;为原生沉积水,在演化过程中受到了蒸发浓缩作用、水—岩作用及生物作用的共同影响;地层水分布受前侏罗纪古地貌的影响较强,不同古地貌单元地层水的化学性质明显不同。     

利用多模多频GNSS-IR信号反演沿海台风风暴潮

台风风暴潮每年给沿海城市造成了极大的损失,近年来利用GNSS反射信号的地基遥感方法可以用于潮位监测,称为GNSS-IR（global navigation satellite system-interferometric reflectometry）,对风暴潮期间验潮站资料进行补充。由于风暴潮发生时间短且破坏性强,单系统GPS的时间分辨率难以满足海洋灾害的监测需求。本文基于中国香港站（HKQT）和巴哈马群岛站（BHMA）的多模多频GNSS卫星观测数据反演了3次沿海风暴潮事件。先对多模多频数据的质量进行分析,随后分别对2019年飓风“多里安”、2018年台风“山竹”和2017年台风“天鸽”引起的3次风暴潮,利用基于滑动窗口的最小二乘法对多模多频GNSS-IR反演结果进行改正并与验潮站实测值对比分析。试验结果表明,利用多模多频GNSS-IR反演“多里安”风暴潮的精度优于14 cm,反演“天鸽”和“山竹”风暴潮的精度优于9 cm。相比GPS单系统,多模多频GNSS-IR能够提高监测的精度和时间分辨率,有效提取风暴潮中异常潮位的涨潮、峰值和落潮的全过程,对海洋灾害的研究监测发挥重要作用。     

克立格法在采场品位估计中的应用

地下矿山的采场形态变化较大，且不规则，施行克立格法估值有一定的难度。本文从矿化模型的构造入手，了如何直接对地下矿山的采场实施克立格法估值，以便是要场储量，品位和估计精度。     

基于分数阶模型的磁流变阻尼器振动系统的预测控制

磁流变阻尼器因其可控阻尼的特性可以用于制作优质减振器,近年来,它与各种控制策略的结合设计已在工业振动控制领域得到了广泛的应用.研究表明,分数阶模型对磁流变阻尼器的拟合精度更高.本文使用分数阶模型描述磁流变阻尼器的粘弹特性,并利用Oustaloup近似方法得到易处理的分数阶传递函数近似值,离散化处理后选取输出跟踪输入的二次型性能指标设计了一种新的模型预测控制器.最后,通过仿真实验证明了该分数阶模型预测控制器具有良好的动态性能,验证了方案的可行性与稳定性.     

Genetic transformation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nannochloropsis oculata</Emphasis> with a bacterial phleomycin resistance gene as dominant selective marker

The gene ble from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus is widely used as a selective antibiotic marker. It can control the phleomycin resistance, and significantly increase the tolerance of hosts to zeocin. The unicellular marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata is extremely sensitive to zeocin. We selected ble as the selective marker for the genetic transformation of N. oculata. After the algal cells at a density of 2×10⁷ cells mL^?1 was digested with 4% hemicellulase and 2% driselase for 1 h, the protoplasts accounted for 90% of the total. The ble was placed at the downstream of promoter HSP70A-RUBS2 isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, yielding a recombinant expression construct pMS188. The construct was transferred into the protoplasts through electroporation (1 kV, 15 μS). The transformed protoplasts were cultured in fresh f/2 liquid medium, and selected on solid f/2 medium supplemented with 500 ng mL^?1 zeocin. The PCR result proved that ble existed in the transformants. Three transformants had been cultured for at least 5 generations without losing ble. Southern blotting analysis showed that the ble has been integrated into the genome of N. oculata. The ble will serve as a new dominant selective marker in genetic engineering N. oculata.     

晨昏轨道微波温度计资料同化对降水定量预报的影响及其对三轨卫星系统的意义

极轨卫星的高级微波温度计(Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A,简称AMSU-A)辐射资料对提高降水定量预报的水平有重要作用.但是极轨卫星的轨道特征导致乘载其上的微波温度计资料在区域同化系统中存在严重缺测.本研究重点分析了晨昏轨道卫星上微波温度计资料同化对墨西哥湾沿岸定量降水预报的重要影响.研究选取了早晨星NOAA-15、上午星MetOp-A和下午星NOAA-18,利用美国NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction)的业务同化系GSI(Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation)资料同化系统,进行了加和不加NOAA-15 AMSU-A资料的两组资料同化和预报试验,来阐明晨昏轨道卫星上微波温度计资料同化对墨西哥湾沿岸降水预报的重要影响.试验结果分析表明如果仅同化NOAA-18和MetOp-A资料,在协调世界时00:00和12:00的同化时间,在墨西哥湾和美国西部大陆就是卫星观测资料缺测区,而早晨星NOAA-15资料正好可以填补这个资料空缺.模式预报也表明,同化NOAA-15的AMSU-A资料可以对墨西哥湾降水有持续的正影响.这一研究证明了保持有搭载着AMSU-A或者相似仪器的早晨星,对区域降水预报的重要性.由于目前NOAA-15是唯一的一颗正在运行的、已远超过其正常运行期的早晨星,通过技术手段维持NOAA-15的AMSU-A仪器更超长期运行也就特别重要.     

东北及华北含油气盆地岩浆活动对碎屑岩的改造与成岩作用贡献

含油气盆地中的岩浆活动不但对碎屑岩围岩进行了物理改造，而且也引起了分布局限的热变质作用。同时，岩浆活动也加速了围岩的成岩作用进程。并且直接或间接地为成岩作用提供了物质来源。岩浆活动对碎屑岩围岩的物理改造表现为围岩热拱张裂和气孔一杏仁构造的形成，前者普遍见于三江盆地、松辽盆地和渤海湾盆地；后者发现于松辽盆地南部。岩浆活动引起的热变质作用普遍见于三江盆地、松辽盆地、渤海湾盆地和海拉尔盆地，并且以泥岩围岩的角岩化、砂岩围岩中基质重结晶成绢云母和绿泥石为特征。岩浆活动也可引起氧化硅凝胶在孔隙中的直接沉淀，例如松辽盆地南部营城组砂岩中的梳状石英。由于岩浆活动引起了地温梯度的升高，因而在浅部地层中可发现深部地层中才可形成的铁方解石等。岩浆活动直接或间接引起的片钠铝石和方解石的沉淀见于海拉尔盆地、三江盆地和渤海湾盆地。     

电-磁力对成矿流体脉动贯入的控制作用

电磁力对成矿流体脉动贯入的控制是深入研究成矿作用的生长点。本文通过电磁原理、围岩和矿石电磁特征、流动电位元素电磁性质推动压力之间相互关系的探讨,提出4点认识。①电磁力是一种客观存在的力,同构造力和重力一样都归属为面力,都能推动流体或成矿流体脉动贯入。②电磁力与其它动力不同的是它具面力和体力的双重性,推动物体运动同时又能作用于物体内质点间的力,其特性是:随地磁脉动、构造能和热能的变化可获附加电磁力,使原电磁作用力加强,有用元素正、负离子运移、富集速度加快,易形成含矿流体;附加电磁力又能使流动电位加大,并产生推动压力推动成矿流体脉动贯入。③恒定的电磁力也可依附有用元素或矿物本身电、磁性质的不同而出现成矿元素的富集、共生的矿物组合和纵横向的分带序列。④电磁力可视为元素发生运移富集形成含矿流体的主要因素之一。     

振筒气压仪性能测试

根据R97国际建议和《JJG 875-94数字压力计检定规程》关于对振筒气压仪的性能指标要求，对我国气象、民航等各行各业使用的振筒压力仪(型号为DQZ-1)进行了静态性能测试(重复性、非线性和迟滞)、温度测试、湿度测试、短期稳定性试验以及长期稳定性试验。通过对大量实验数据的分析研究，得出振筒气压仪测量误差的主要来源，这对于提高大气压力测量的准确度是非常有益的。     

Precise orbit determination of the Fengyun-3C satellite using onboard GPS and BDS observations

The GNSS Occultation Sounder instrument onboard the Chinese meteorological satellite Fengyun-3C (FY-3C) tracks both GPS and BDS signals for orbit determination. One month’s worth of the onboard dual-frequency GPS and BDS data during March 2015 from the FY-3C satellite is analyzed in this study. The onboard BDS and GPS measurement quality is evaluated in terms of data quantity as well as code multipath error. Severe multipath errors for BDS code ranges are observed especially for high elevations for BDS medium earth orbit satellites (MEOs). The code multipath errors are estimated as piecewise linear model in \(2{^{\circ }}\times 2{^{\circ }}\) grid and applied in precise orbit determination (POD) calculations. POD of FY-3C is firstly performed with GPS data, which shows orbit consistency of approximate 2.7 cm in 3D RMS (root mean square) by overlap comparisons; the estimated orbits are then used as reference orbits for evaluating the orbit precision of GPS and BDS combined POD as well as BDS-based POD. It is indicated that inclusion of BDS geosynchronous orbit satellites (GEOs) could degrade POD precision seriously. The precisions of orbit estimates by combined POD and BDS-based POD are 3.4 and 30.1 cm in 3D RMS when GEOs are involved, respectively. However, if BDS GEOs are excluded, the combined POD can reach similar precision with respect to GPS POD, showing orbit differences about 0.8 cm, while the orbit precision of BDS-based POD can be improved to 8.4 cm. These results indicate that the POD performance with onboard BDS data alone can reach precision better than 10 cm with only five BDS inclined geosynchronous satellite orbit satellites and three MEOs. As the GNOS receiver can only track six BDS satellites for orbit positioning at its maximum channel, it can be expected that the performance of POD with onboard BDS data can be further improved if more observations are generated without such restrictions.