东胜煤田北部延安组沉积体系及聚煤特征

鄂尔多斯盆地延安组在全盆地发育,是盆地内最重要的含煤、油、气地层之一,依据大量的钻井、测井资料,运用沉积学的方法,对东胜煤田艾来五库沟-台吉召延安组沉积体系及聚煤特征进行了分析。研究认为延安组为辫状河、曲流河及辫状河三角洲沉积,沉积微相主要发育有辫状河体系的河床滞留沉积及心滩、河漫滩和河漫沼泽沉积;曲流河体系的河床滞留沉积、边滩、天然堤、河漫滩、河漫沼泽和河漫湖泊沉积;辫状河三角洲体系的分支河道、天然堤和河漫沼泽沉积等。辫状河及曲流河垂向上表现为下粗上细的间断性正韵律或正旋回,为典型的河流二元结构特征。聚煤特征分析认为,辫状河和曲流河体系河漫沼泽环境是有利成煤场所,由于河道的冲刷、下切作用,辫状河道和曲流河道形成的煤层厚度较小、侧向连续性差;三角洲体系的三角洲平原是有利的成煤带,其煤层具有厚度较大、结构较为简单、分布范围较广、连续性较好的特征。     

用自组织人工神经网络分类,识别矿物

作者运用三维Ｔ．Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ自组织人工神经网络对我国沉积碳酸盐型锰矿中菱锰矿进行分类、识别。所选研究实例中，识别成功率达１００％．结果表明，该网络性能良好，可望成为矿物识别的有效手段。     

贵州紫云扁平剖面早二叠世非筵有孔虫动物群

贵州紫云扁平剖面紫松阶上部一罗甸阶非筵有孔虫动物群由25属82种（含相似种、亚种而不含未定种）构成，其中7属（Cribrogenerina、Nodosaria、Glomospira、Tetrataxis、Palaeotextularia、Climacammina及Globival-vulina）的物种分异度最高，合计占总种数的71％；该动物群自紫松期开始发育，在隆林期类群构成发生显著变化并繁盛至罗甸早期，在罗甸中晚期明显衰落。研究剖面由下至上可划分为Cr拍rogPnP-nncelebrata-C．hemispaera间隔带、Glomospira-Nodosaria富集带（又可进而分为Geinitzina postcarbonica-Globivalvulina cyprica间隔亚带、Climacammina elegantula延限亚带）、Lasiodiscus-Eotuberitina间隔带。     

New data on distribution of REEs in sulfide minerals and Sm-Nd dating of ore genesis of layered basic intrusions

This paper presents data on the distribution of REEs in sulfide minerals from ore-bearing gabbronorites in the Penikat layered intrusion and the results of their isotopic-geochronological Sm-Nd study. A new procedure for determination of REEs in the samples without preliminary separating and concentrating was tested on standard samples to be further used for analysis of sulfide minerals. Analysis of the spectra of the REE distribution in sulfides represents a distribution trend that is similar to the already studied bulk rock and allows deducing that the character of the REE distribution in sulfide minerals from gabbronorites in the Penikat layered intrusion was inherited from the parent magma melt; while the formation of sulfides took place at the stage of rock crystallization. The performed complex studies allow considering that sulfides can be successfully used together with the rock-forming minerals in Sm-Nd dating of ore-bearing mafite-ultramafite intrusions.     

东营凹陷古近系层序地层对成岩规律的控制作用

东营凹陷古近系发育了沙四段底界面(T7)、沙四段与沙三段分界面(T’6)及沙二下亚段顶界面(T’2)等3个二级层序界面。根据对储集层成岩作用的深入研究发现,原有的埋藏成岩作用序列不仅受深度的影响,而且受此层序地层所控制,在层序界面附近和层序体内部存在一定的规律性。据此确定了层序界面附近发育的淋滤、溶解成岩相带和层序体内部发育的黏土矿物转换和化学胶结成岩相带。认识到层序界面通常是流体运移的通道,影响界面上下低水位体系域和高水位体系域内储集层的成岩相展布,对改善储集层储集性能有利;层序体内部储集层成岩差异性明显,储集性往往受到制约。     

Composition, sources, and mechanism of continental crust growth in the Lake zone of the Central Asian Caledonides: I. Geological and geochronological data

Data on the composition, inner structure, and age of volcanic and siliceous-terrigenous complexes and granitoids occurring in association with them in the Caledonian Lake zone in Central Asia are discussed in the context of major relations and trends in the growth of the Caledonian continental crust in the Central Asian Foldbelt (CAFB). The folded structures of the Lake zone host basalt, basalt-andesite, and andesite complexes of volcanic rocks that were formed in distinct geodynamic environments. The volcanic rocks of the basalt complex are noted for high concentrations of TiO₂ and alkalis, occur in association with fine-grained siliceous siltstone and siliceous-carbonate rocks, are thus close to oceanic-island complexes, and were likely formed in relation to a mantle hotspot activity far away from erosion regions supplying terrigenous material. The rocks of the basalt-andesite and andesite complexes have lower TiO₂ concentrations and moderate concentrations of alkalis and contain rock-forming amphibole. These rocks are accompanied by rudaceous terrigenous sediments, which suggests their origin in island-arc environments, including arcs with a significantly dissected topography. These complexes are accompanied by siliceous-terrigenous sedimentary sequences whose inner structure is close to those of sediments in accretionary wedges. The folded Caledonides of the Lake zone passed through the following evolutionary phases. The island arcs started to develop at 570 Ma, their evolution was associated with the emplacement of layered gabbroids and tonalitetrondhjemite massifs, and continued until the onset of accretion at 515–480 Ma. The accretion was accompanied by the emplacement of large massifs of the tonalite-granodiorite-plagiogranite series. The postaccretionary evolutionary phase at 470–440 Ma of the Caledonides was marked by intrusive subalkaline and alkaline magmatism. The Caledonides are characterized by within-plate magmatic activity throughout their whole evolutionary history, a fact explained by the accretion of Vendian-Cambrian oceanic structures (island arcs, oceanic islands, and back-arc basins) above a mantle hotspot. Indicators of within-plate magmatic activity are subalkaline high-Ti basalts, alkaline-ultrabasic complexes with carbonatites and massifs of subalkaline and alkaline gabbroids, nepheline syenites, alkaline granites, subalkaline granites, and granosyenites. The mantle hotspot likely continued to affect the character of the lithospheric magmatism even after the Caledonian folded terrane was formed.     

Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene Basalts in the Tuyon Basin, South Tianshan Mountains

1. Introduction The Tianshan Mountains is a typical intercontinental orogenic belt in the world. From late Carboniferous to Permian, the old Tianshan formed during the tectonic amalgamation of the Tarim block, Tianshan block and Siberia craton (Carroll et al, 1990). Mid-Cenozoic basalts are widely distributed in both the Tuyon basin of southwest Tianshan and its western part of Tianshan in Jierjisi in late Cretaceous-Paleogene period, which indicates the activation of the old Tianshan.…     

黄土高原一个连续的晚新生代剖面及其划分与对比

陕西旬邑地区一个地层厚约 2 30 m的晚新生代剖面 ,全为土状堆积。岩性划分、古地磁测年、古生物研究及其他一些手段的分析测定表明 ,该剖面记录了距今 6 .8Ma到现代的沉积 ,其中第四系厚 141.2 m,全为黄土—古土壤沉积序列 ;新近系厚约 90 m,全为红土沉积 ,底部不整合面之上有 6— 7m红土层被覆盖 ,无法取样 ,其上实测厚度83.4m,将每层红土层及紧接其下的钙质结核层称为一个成土—成壤组合 ,新近系约含 80个明显的成土—成壤组合。 N/Q岩性界线在剖面深度的 141.2 m处 ,但古地磁 M/G界线在相当于剖面深度的 137.6 m处 ,即 L43 顶界之上0 .4m处 ,古地磁极性的转移滞后于岩性的变化。多层生物化石的发现对各段地层时代的确定及古气候环境的分析起了积极的作用     

Magmatic Evolution and Mineralization of Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits in the Duolong Ore Concentration Area, Tibet

<正>The Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt is located between the Qiangtang Block and Lhasa Block,and the Duolong ore concentration area is located in the western section of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt.Till now,several large and super large copper-gold deposits,such as Duobuza,Bolong,     

黄河流域地下水资源、主要环境地质问题及对策建议

本文在重新汇总黄河流域地下水资源量的基础上 ,提供黄河流域天然补给资源总量为453 .54亿m3 /a,其中淡水为 40 3 .51亿m3 /a,微咸水补给约 50 .0 3亿m3 /a。可开采资源总量为2 1 2 .2 4亿m3 /a,其中淡水为 1 82 .42亿m3 /a,微咸水约 2 9.82亿m3 /a。总结分析了黄河流域主要环境地质问题的发展趋势 ,提出了水资源利用方面的一系列宏观对策建议。