Soil Plug Effect Prediction and Pile Driveability Analysis for Large-Diameter Steel Piles in Ocean Engineering

Long steel piles with large diameters have been more widely used in the field of ocean engineering.Owing to the pile with a large diameter,soil plug development during pile driving has great influences on pile driveability and beating capacity.The response of soil plug developed inside the open-ended pipe pile during the dynamic condition of pile-driving is different from the response under the static condition of loading during service.This paper addresses the former aspect.A numerical procedure for soil plng effect prediction and pile driveability analysis is proposed and described.By taking into consideration of the pile dimension effect on side and tip resistance,this approach introduces a dimensional coefficient to the conventional static equilibrium equations for the plug differential unit and proposes an improved static equity method for the plug effect prediction.At the same time,this approach introduces a simplified model by use of one-dimensional stress wave equation to simulate the interaction between soft ping and pile inner wall.The proposed approach has been applied in practical engineering analyses.Results show that the calculated plug effect and pile driveability based on the proposed approach agree well with the observed data.     

A Crashworthy Device Against Ship-OWT Collision and Its Protection Effects on the Tower of Offshore Wind Farms

At present,more and more offshore wind farms have been built and numerous projects are on the drawing tables.Therefore,the study on the safety of collision between ships and offshore wind turbines (OWT) is of great practical significance.The present study takes the advantage of the famous LS-DYNA explicit code to simulate the dynamic process of the collision between a typical 3MW offshore wind turbine model with monopile foundation and a simplified 2000t-class ship model.In the simulation,the added mass eff...     

Reliability-Based Load and Resistance Factors Design for Offshore Jacket Platforms in the Bohai Bay： Calibration on Target Reliability Index

The target reliability index has been effectively used as the best solution to deal with the relationship between the structural safety and the optimal economy in any structural design.However,the target reliability index for offshore jacket platforms based on different sea areas in China has never been calibrated.This paper presents an approach for its calibration,and suggests many kinds of associated load cases.The uncertainties of loads and structural resistance are mainly investigated.The target reliability index for structural components,tubular joints and piles of offshore jacket platforms are discussed respectively in detail.Finally,through the calibrated results from the offshore jacket platforms of QK18-1,JZ20-2,SZ36-1 and BZ28-1 in the Bohai Bay,it is proposed to adopt 2.8 as the target reliability index of offshore jacket platforms in the Bohai Bay for a 25-year design period.The results provide significant reference for the design of offshore jacket platforms.     

An Assembly Coastal Building Technique in Port Engineering

The assembly coastal hfilding technique initiated at home and abroad,is for a novel vertical standing harbor structure.Its main concept is the assembling components which can be combined and locked together to form a large caisson.Its application and future are discussed for a building.After many years of application and tests,the technique has a high stability,a wide range of application,low workload and fast construction speed.It can be widely applied in future for harbor engineering projects.     

低渗透储层微观孔隙结构与可动流体饱和度关系研究

针对常规压汞实验不能区别孔隙和喉道的弊端,应用恒速压汞技术对低渗透储层孔喉进行了定量评价,并深入分析了影响低渗透储层可动流体饱和度的主控因素。结果表明:渗透率越小,喉道半径分布范围越窄,其峰值也越小;反之,渗透率越大,喉道半径分布范围就越宽,其峰值也越大;不同物性的样品其孔隙分布特征不显著,主要体现为喉道分布特征不同。可动流体由孔隙和大喉道中的流体共同组成,与所处空间位置无关,只与孔隙和喉道半径有关。核磁共振可动流体的有效孔隙体积和有效喉道体积的共同下限半径也就是T2弛豫时间所对应的半径。     

黔北务正道地区铝土矿稀土元素地球化学特征

选取新模向斜的一个钻孔剖面,对铝土矿的矿物组成及稀土元素地球化学特征进行了研究。铝土矿矿石矿物以一水硬铝石为主,另有少量一水软铝石。其次为高岭石、绿泥石等黏土矿物,以及少量重矿物。此外,在含矿岩系近底部还发现有富集Ce元素的矿物氟菱钙铈矿[Ce2Ca(CO3)3F2]。从剖面顶部至底部,铝土矿中稀土元素含量呈逐渐增加的趋势,且稀土元素参数LaN/YbN、LaN/SmN和GdN/YbN的数值均随深度逐渐增大。说明从剖面顶部至底部,稀土元素的淋滤迁出逐渐减弱,且稀土元素间存在一定的分异。稀土元素间的分异可能由不同的含稀土元素矿物抗风化淋滤差异所致。铝土矿稀土元素配分模式表现为LREE明显富集、MREE中等-弱富集、HREE相对平坦的特征,且具有明显的正Ce异常。δCe异常值随深度增加逐渐减小,接近含矿岩系底部,δCe异常值再次增大。含矿岩系上部的Ce异常是由氧化条件下Ce3+向Ce4+转变并形成方铈矿(CeO2)所致。随着深度的增加,含矿岩系的氧化性逐渐减弱,从而δCe异常值逐渐减小。接近含矿岩系底部,由于氟菱钙铈矿[Ce2Ca(CO3)3F2]的形成,导致δCe异常值再次增大。氟菱钙铈矿的沉淀可通过氟化物络合物(CeF2+或CeCO3F0)与Ca2+和HCO3-发生反应来完成。     

巴东组软岩残积红色黏土物性特征

红色黏土在黏土化过程中,经历了铁、铝质矿物的累积与盐基成分的淋失,表现出高液限、高含水率、高塑性、分散性等特殊物理力学性质。对三峡库区不同深度、高程点、风化程度的红色黏土开展了物理、力学性质实验,并采用X-衍射实验、化学全分析、环境扫描电镜等微观实验手段,分析了红色黏土的物相结构特征,探讨了巴东组残积红色黏土的宏观、微观物性特征及其规律。研究结果表明,红色黏土的物理、力学性质沿水平与深度方向均表现出规律性,其母岩类型、风化程度、矿物组成及结构、粒度特征是影响这一规律的主要因素。     

浙西银山震旦系沉积岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

浙西银山震旦系包括蓝田组和皮园村组。蓝田组主要为一套硅质泥岩+含硅灰岩+硅质粉砂岩的组合地层,是银铅锌矿床的重要赋矿层位;皮园村组为一套浅海相的硅质岩沉积。为了解矿床的形成规律,对震旦系沉积岩进行了详细的地球化学研究。主、微量元素分析显示:蓝田组w(SiO2)较低(19.64%～69.43%),"REE较高(36.44×10-6～265.04×10-6),Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.50～0.67,富含As、Sb、Bi等热水元素;皮园村组w(SiO2)较高(90.12%～95.56%),"REE较低(5.3×10-6～28.29×10-6),Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.29～0.33,与典型的热水成因硅质岩相似。分析表明:蓝田组含硅沉积岩是碎屑沉积和热水活动的产物,而皮园村组硅质沉积岩主要是热水成因,受陆源物质影响较小。古环境的判别表明研究区在蓝田期以大陆边缘沉积为主,在皮园村期海平面上升,以浅海-半深海沉积为主,这种转变很好地解释了蓝田组与皮园村组的成因差异。最后对蓝田期的热水活动和矿化事件进行了探讨,认为银山地区在蓝田期可能存在着3期较强的热水事件,热水事件的发生引发了Cu、Pb、Zn等金属元素初步富集与矿化,对银铅锌矿床的形成具有很大的贡献。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部早-中侏罗世延安期沉积边界恢复

从鄂尔多斯盆地西北部及其邻区残存的沉积建造、现今构造格局出发,在大量野外露头观测、钻井资料分析和实验测试的基础上,通过对该盆地西北部(贺兰山、桌子山和狼山地区)残留延安期及对应地层进行地层对比、边缘相分析、区域构造演化和构造环境分析,指出贺兰山及其东侧的银川盆地,在早-中侏罗世延安期属相对稳定的沉积环境,为鄂尔多斯盆地的一部分;狼山地区的对应地层与鄂尔多斯盆地西北部属于不同的沉积环境;认为早-中侏罗世延安期盆地西北缘边界大致在贺兰山西缘断裂至桌子山一线。     

广东省交通优势度及空间差异

以广东省为研究对象,构建多维指标体系,从路网密度、交通设施影响度、交通枢纽辐射水平三方面分别对各县区的差异进行分析,并综合分析其交通优势度.研究表明,广东省交通优势度呈明显的圈层分布,从中心向外围递减,从沿海向内部递减;珠三角交通优势度在全省具有明显优势,其路网密度、交通设施影响度、交通枢纽辐射水平均为全省第一层次;广东省交通优势度还与地区经济发展水平有密切关系,通过对交通优势度和人均国民生产总值进行回归分析,发现交通优势度与经济发展水平呈明显的正相关.