Basic research on key techniques related to urban 3D pipe network modeling

A new geometric modeling approach is introduced in this paper. First the principle of modeling of 3D pipe network is discussed in detail. Then the procedures of implementing pipe network visualization and system functions are presented. Last, several efficient methods for speeding up display of graphics are introduced. The new geometric modeling approach offers to people a new way to solve 3D visualization of complex urban pipe network.     

北大港-白东构造带成因的实验解析

砂箱模拟实验已经被证明是研究盆地内部伸展构造的有效工具。用砂箱实验模拟了黄骅盆地内部北大港—白东构造带的成因，认为北大港—白东构造带是盆地在以沧东断裂为主边界断层的伸展过程中，上盘变形受到新港—海河断裂带影响的产物。     

甘肃景泰崔家墩下奥陶统阴沟组砂岩化学组分特征及物源区构造背景判别

甘肃景泰一带早奥陶世沉积了以浊流砂岩夹板岩为主的阴沟组。崔家墩剖面阴沟组较为发育,总体分为两个岩性段,但东西向逆冲断层造成地层垂向不连续。北段（下段）为粉-细砂岩、板岩夹硅质岩;南段（上段）为岩屑含量较多的岩屑砂岩夹板岩,硅质岩少或无。对阴沟组砂岩进行主化学组分特征分析,其特征指标：Fe₂O*3+MgO值为503%～17.63%,Al₂O₃/SiO₂值为0.12%～0.28%,K₂O/Na₂O值为0.25%～1.26%及 Al₂O₃/（CaO+Na₂O）值为1.01%～3.53%。利用砂岩的化学组分特征结合岩相学分析,可以判断物源区特征及大地构造背景。研究表明:该套浊积砂岩下部物源主要来自北部的阿拉善地块及该地块上的古老造山带,为被动大陆边缘背景;上部碎屑主要来自南侧岛弧中基性火山岩,为活动大陆边缘初始弧后盆地构造背景。     

鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带地震动力学模型与强震危险性研究项目及进展

研究银川盆地的构造活动特征对于认识青藏、鄂尔多斯和阿拉善3大地块的相互作用具有重要意义。银川盆地东南缘的面子山—猪头岭一带地形高差显著,影像上线性明显,可能发育一条未知的活动断裂。本文沿面子山—清水营一线开展了野外地质调查、探槽开挖和地层年代测试等工作,结果表明：银川盆地东南缘发育面子山—清水营断裂,全长50 km,以猪头岭北为界,分为面子山断层和清水营断层两段。面子山断层以高角度正断为主,断层擦痕显示具有左旋走滑运动,走向北东,跨断层数条冲沟显示具有左旋扭动特征;而清水营断层则表现为逆断层,走向北东东,发育陡坎地貌。该断裂断错了（23.65 ± 1.17） ka BP和（33.16 ± 1.82） ka BP的沉积地层,表明断裂最新活动时代为晚更新世晚期。该断层的发现表明,鄂尔多斯地块的西北边界复杂,构造变形带较宽,且不严格的受控于断陷盆地的边界断裂,其构造变形已扩张到地块一侧,这可能与青藏高原持续向东北向的推挤扩展有关。

     

饱和砂岩在温度和频率域的衰减和速度频散

利用Metravib热机械分析仪, 在天然地震的频率和温度范围内, 首次对泵油和甘油饱和两种孔隙度的彭山砂岩的衰减和速度频散进行了实验研究． 结果表明, ① 泵油饱和彭山砂岩对频率和温度的依赖呈热激活弛豫规律; ② 杨氏模量和弹性波速度与孔隙度、 温度呈负相关, 与饱和液体的黏滞系数、 频率呈正相关; ③ 频散效应因频率上升而增强, 因温度增高而减弱． 这一规律性的结果为地震波理论研究提供了实验基础．     

日中洱海生态调查

于１９９２年５月中旬，日本琵琶湖研究所与中国大理州环科所联合对洱海进行生态调查，初步摸清了夏季末洱海关理化参数及生物的分布规律。分析表明，尽管湖区处于旱季末，洱海水质仍然保持良好状态。     

Mesoscopic investigation on seismic performance of corroded reinforced concrete columns

In addition to the normal service loadings, engineering structures may be subjected to occasional loadings such as earthquakes, which may cause severe destruction. When the steel rebar is corroded, the damage could be more serious. To investigate the seismic performance of corroded RC columns, a three-dimensional mesoscale finite element model was established. In this approach, concrete was considered as a three-phase composite composed of aggregate, mortar matrix and interfacial transition zone...     

渤张断裂带的构造机制及其地质意义

渤张断裂带形成于中生代,为剪张性断裂带。中新生代以来渤张断裂带一直活动,并控制中新生代沉积和火山活动。中生代至老第三纪早期(42Ma 之前)渤张断裂带为右旋走滑的剪张性断裂带,而老第三纪中晚期以来(42Ma 以来)渤张断裂带转为左旋走滑的剪张性断裂带,并控制了渤海盆地的油气分布和现代的地震活动。近期,沿渤张断裂带地震活动频繁,说明渤张断裂带仍在活动。     

活动断层探察数据的信息编码优化研究

从20世纪90年代起,研究人员就开始探索活动断层探察数据的制作、存储与管理。迄今为止,已经获得了大量的活动断层探察数据,建成了一套系统的数据组织体系,为减轻地震灾害的相关研究提供了数据和技术支撑。近年来,随着活动断层数据库信息的扩充,初期设计的部分属性信息编码已不适用。为了形成适应当前工作的属性信息编码体系,本文以活动断层数据库建设体系为基础,对数据库属性值代码进行信息分类和编码优化。文章将数据库属性值代码分为字符型单一含义值、数值型单一含义值及复合含义值,分别进行编码规则设计,最终优化了数据库属性信息编码体系,提高了从建库到数据应用的数据录入、检测、制图自动化、数据分析等环节的效率。     

Groundwater discharge to the Changjiang River, China, during the drought season of 2006: effects of the extreme drought and the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam

Groundwater can play an important role in the compensation of runoff reduction due to extreme climate events such as droughts, as well as in response to anthropogenic actions such as the construction of a dam. The increase in ²²⁶Ra specific activity and the runoff from September to December in 2006 is used to estimate the total discharge of groundwater along the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River. The total groundwater discharge was found to account for 31% of the increased discharge between Yichang and Datong. The groundwater discharge to lakes (i.e. Dongting Lake) constituted the major contribution of groundwater discharge to the mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River. More importantly, the second impounding operation of the Three Gorges Dam from 20 September to 27 October 2006 induced a water level decrease in surrounding lakes and rivers, which led to an additional groundwater discharge of 63.3?×?10⁸?m³, accounting for 85% of the total groundwater discharge in the same period. Taken together, these observations indicate that groundwater discharge along the mid-lower reaches plays an important role in maintaining stream flow in the drought season, especially in extreme drought years or in response to human activities.