速度传感反馈地震计的参数稳定性分析

从理论上定量分析机械摆和环路滤波等开环诸参数变化对速度传感反馈地震计闭环参数的影响.研究指出,在环路设计中可半自由选取的开环阻尼取值对参数稳定性有重要影响.过大或过小的开环阻尼取值均可能造成参数稳定性急剧变差,影响地震计在只标不调的状况下长期连续稳定工作.     

惠民凹陷南坡石炭二叠系煤层二次生气模式

利用开放体系程序升温热模拟实验方法,对惠民凹陷南坡石炭—二叠系煤岩样品的热演化规律进行了研究,建立了该区石炭二叠系含煤地层有机质的生气模式,探讨了影响二次生气潜力的各种主控因素,为准确评价其资源潜力和计算远景资源量奠定了基础,对渤海湾盆地其他类似地区煤型气勘探具有指导意义。     

一个近地层中的三维随机扩散模式

利用横向Lagrange时间尺度T_(LY),与稳定度及高度的关系,本文建立了一个三维随机扩散模式,并用它模拟了近地层中地面源的扩散过程。模式计算结果表明:在稳定层结条件下该模式比取T_(LY)为常数得到的模式有明显的改进,而在不稳定条件下这一模式改进不大。     

Soil property variation mapping through data mining of soil category maps

Spatial information on soil properties is an important input to hydrological models. In current hydrological modelling practices, soil property information is often derived from soil category maps by the linking method in which a representative soil property value is linked to each soil polygon. Limited by the area‐class nature of soil category maps, the derived soil property variation is discontinuous and less detailed than high resolution digital terrain or remote sensing data. This research proposed dmSoil, a data‐mining‐based approach to derive continuous and spatially detailed soil property information from soil category maps. First, the soil–environment relationships are extracted through data mining of a soil map. The similarity of the soil at each location to different soil types in the soil map is then estimated using the mined relationships. Prediction of soil property values at each location is made by combining the similarities of the soil at that location to different soil types and the representative soil property values of these soil types. The new approach was applied in the Raffelson Watershed and Pleasant Valley in the Driftless Area of Wisconsin, United States to map soil A horizon texture (in both areas) and depth to soil C horizon (in Pleasant Valley). The property maps from the dmSoil approach capture the spatial gradation and details of soil properties better than those from the linking method. The new approach also shows consistent accuracy improvement at validation points. In addition to the improved performances, the inputs for the dmSoil approach are easy to prepare, and the approach itself is simple to deploy. It provides an effective way to derive better soil property information from soil category maps for hydrological modelling. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

鲜水河断裂带炉霍县卡扎村大探槽古地震研究

本文测定分析了特殊地区的两种不同饱和状态的干压实土体在不同等级荷栽作用下产生的沉陷量，探讨了施荷时间对沉陷量的影响从而提示了两种干压实土体在荷载作用下沉陷量变化规律，并分析研究了这两种干压实土体的最大压缩模量与饱和度的关系。这一研究成果对干旱特殊地区的公路设计施工具有一定的参考价值。     

Automated Target Detection and Discrimination Using Constrained Kurtosis Maximization

Exploiting hyperspectral imagery without prior information is a challenge. Under this circumstance, unsupervised target detection becomes an anomaly detection problem. We propose an effective algorithm for target detection and discrimination based on the normalized fourth central moment named kurtosis, which can measure the flatness of a distribution. Small targets in hyperspectral imagery contribute to the tail of a distribution, thus making it heavier. The Gaussian distribution is completely determined by the first two order statistics and has zero kurtosis. Consequently, kurtosis measures the deviation of a distribution from the background and is suitable for anomaly/target detection. When imposing appropriate inequality constraints on the kurtosis to be maximized, the resulting constrained kurtosis maximization (CKM) algorithm will be able to quickly detect small targets with several projections. Compared to the widely used unconstrained kurtosis maximization algorithm, i.e., fast independent component analysis, the CKM algorithm may detect small targets with fewer projections and yield a slightly higher detection rate.     

江西气候生态产品价值实现的探索与思考

江西省气象部门针对气候生态产品价值实现开展了许多探索,积累了一系列的先进经验。文中从江西气候生态产品价值实现途径、效益、政策等方面进行思考和分析,认为政策先行营造制度环境、创建品牌实现气候价值、试点示范稳步实践创新和搭建平台培育价值理念等手段为挖掘气候好资源做好“两山”转化工作提供了有力支撑。针对发现的问题,提出了建议：理念创新,将气候资源价值转化固化于制;机制创新,用制度保护气候资源价值实现;载体创新,创品牌实现气候生态产品价值。     

Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interactions in the interior of Jianghan Plain,central China

Hydrogeology Journal - Quantifying groundwater/surface-water interactions is essential for managing water resources and revealing contaminant fate. There has been little concern on the exchange...     

克氏原鳌虾气象因子影响研究现状与展望

克氏原螯虾主要养殖在长江中下游地区,目前最主要的养殖模式为虾稻共作模式。大量研究结果表明,克氏原螯虾的生长发育与气象要素密切相关。水温在25-30℃时,克氏原螯虾生长较快;16-25℃水温范围内,温度越高,越有利于雌虾卵巢发育;20-30℃水温范围内,水温越高,受精卵孵化时间越短。光明和黑暗时间之比为16 h∶8 h时,最有利于雌虾性腺发育。与克氏原螯虾养殖有关的气象灾害主要有暴雨洪涝、高温热害、低温冷害。鉴于目前的养殖和气象因子影响研究及服务现状,建议气象部门开展虾-稻种养基地气象观测站网建设,开展气温与水温相关性和水温预报研究,以及气象要素对克氏原螯虾影响的定量化研究。