西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山和布克河组晚泥盆世化石的发现及其地层归属

西准噶尔地区广泛分布的和布克河组已被证明是洪古勒楞组的晚出异名,本文在西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山原划为下石炭统"和布克河组"的碎屑岩地层中发现了丰富的动、植物化石,包括:三叶虫Phacops sp.,菊石Manticoceras sp.,腕足类Tylothyris sp.,Aulacella sp.,"Mucrospirifer"sp.,Cyrtospirifer sp.,植物Leptophloeum rhombicum,Syringodendron sp.,Knorria sp.,其时代显示为晚泥盆世。根据岩性组合特征将其厘定为上泥盆统铁列克提组,而非"和布克河组"的替代名称洪古勒楞组。通过区域地质调查工作,证明了西准噶尔玛依力山地层小区内没有洪古勒楞组的分布,其晚泥盆世地层仅由铁列克提组组成,洪古勒楞组只分布在沙尔布尔提山地层小区,两个地层小区的界线为孟布拉克北侧至谢米斯台山南坡的深大断裂。晚泥盆世两个地层小区沉积分异明显,直到早石炭世早期才进入统一的盆地演化阶段,地层小区的分区性也随之消失。     

Recent Study of the Changjiang Fault Zone

The Changjiang fault zone, also known as the Mufushan-Jiaoshan fault, is a famous fault located at the southern bank of the Changjiang River, near the Nanjing downtown area. Based on multidisciplinary data from shallow artificial seismic explorations in the target detecting area (Nanjing city and the nearby areas), trenching and drilling explorations, classification of Quaternary strata and chronology dating data, this paper provides the most up-to-date results regarding activities of the Changjiang fault zone, including the most recent active time, activity nature, related active parameters, and their relation to seismic activity.     

盾牌座δ型变星4CVn的多重非径向脉动振幅变化

对非径向脉动δＳｃｕｔｉ（盾牌座δ）型变星４ＣＶｎ的最新光电测光观测，证实了其振幅和周期的长期缓慢变化．两种多重频率分析方法都一致确认出已知７个频率中的５个（ｆ１，ｆ２，ｆ３，ｆ５，ｆ７）．观测还发现三个可疑频率．目前主频的振幅和十几年前的一样，基本保持不变，可能正处于向最大振幅变化的增加阶段或者处于刚过极大的下降段．其它四个频率的振幅都不同程度地变大．ｆ２，ｆ３和ｆ５的振幅增幅分别为６３％，２５％和１２０％，尤其是ｆ７，从上次的０变为０．００９ｍａｇ．频率分析显示除主频ｆ１几乎未变外，其它频率缓慢变化：ｆ２和ｆ７约减小０．０８％；ｆ３减小０．１４％；ｆ５增加０．０３％．用Ｂｌａｚｈｋｏ效应和不同非径向脉动模式之间的共振解释振幅和周期变化的合理性，尚需进一步从观测上检验．     

Energetic Electrons as a Field Line Topology Tracer in the High Latitude Boundary/CUSP Region: Cluster Rapid Observations

Energetic electrons (e.g., 50 keV) travel along field lines with a high speed of around 20 R_Es⁻¹. These swift electrons trace out field lines in the magnetosphere in a rather short time, and therefore can provide nearly instantaneous information about the changes in the field configuration in regions of geospace. The energetic electrons in the high latitude boundary regions (including the cusp) have been examined in detail by using Cluster/RAPID data for four consecutive high latitude/cusp crossings between 16 March and 19 March 2001. Energetic electrons with high and stable fluxes were observed in the time interval when the IMF had a predominately positive B_z component. These electrons appeared to be associated with a lower plasma density exhibiting no obvious tailward plasma flow (<20 keV). On the other hand, no electrons or only spike-like electron events have been observed in the cusp region during southward IMF. At that time, the plasma density was as high as that in the magnetosheath and was associated with a clear tailward flow. The fact that no stable energetic electron fluxes were observed during southward IMF indicates that the cusp has an open field line geometry. The observations indicate that both the South and North high latitude magnetospheric boundary regions (including both North and South cusp) can be energetic particle trapping regions. The energetic electron observations provide new ways to investigate the dynamic cusp processes. Finally, trajectory tracing of test particles has been performed using the Tsyganenko 96 model; this demonstrates that energetic particles (both ions and electrons) may be indeed trapped in the high latitude magnetosphere.     

陕西大茅坪铜矿床找矿综合模型研究

陕西大茅坪铜矿床赋存于中元古代碧口群火山岩中,是陕西勉略宁三角区西部较典型的铜矿之一,对该矿床的研究有助于有效地指导在本区寻找同类型矿床。文中对原生晕分析数据,物探测量数据进行了不同方法的处理,在此基础上提出了综合找矿模型。其中对原生晕,通过不同方法建立了地球化学背景与异常的概率筛分模型,因子分析及元素组合模型、标准化丰度法及轴向分带模型;对物探数据进行线性加权组合建立了综合物探异常并运用该模型进行了初步预测。     

沂蒙山区土壤质量地球化学评价方法

为建立山东省临沂市沂蒙山区特殊地质背景土壤质量评价方法,在沂南县西南部研究区采集各类土壤样品1 029件,均分析了N、P、K、Mn、B、Mo、Cu、Zn、Co、V、Ni、Sr、Tl、Ti、As、Cd、Hg、Pb、Cr、Se、F、I、Ge、有机质、Na₂O、SiO₂、MgO、CaO质量分数及pH等29项指标。根据分析测试结果,建立了由土壤养分指标和环境指标组成的评价体系,并对该区土壤质量地球化学评价及其空间分布进行了研究。结果表明：研究区大部分土壤质量以良好、中等为主（土壤环境清洁,土壤养分丰富或中等）;研究区中部地区土壤肥力较好（w（N）>0.10%,w（P）>0.06%,w（K）>2.50%）,西南部、东北部山区土壤肥力较差（w（N）<0.075%）,土壤质量等级偏低。全区80%左右土壤的N元素、B元素、有机质均不足以满足常规农业生产需要,对常规作物生长不利。区内土壤环境质量水平总体较好,重金属元素分布受地质背景控制。     

一株卓贝尔氏菌F13-1好氧反硝化特性及其反硝化基因的初步研究

为获得高效好氧反硝化细菌,并研究这些细菌的脱氮特性以及好氧反硝化机理,采集了近海表层沉积物进行富集培养,分离获得一株具有高效好氧反硝化能力的菌株F13-1.结合生理生化特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析,初步鉴定菌株F13-1为卓贝尔氏菌(Zobellella sp.).在以葡萄糖为碳源,C/N比值为15,盐度为30,摇床转速160 r/min,p H值为7,28℃的最优脱氮条件下菌株F13-1脱氮效果较好,分别能将100 mg/dm3硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐在24和16 h内彻底脱除,脱除速率分别为:5.87 mg/(dm3·h)和5.97 mg/(dm3·h).并且菌株F13-1对高浓度亚硝酸盐具有较好的耐受性,能在高浓度亚硝酸盐存在条件下正常生长及脱氮,156 h内能将400 mg/dm3亚硝酸盐脱除完全.基因组分析表明,该菌株具有完整的反硝化基因簇,包括nap、nir、nor和nos等共17个基因.研究结果表明该菌株具有高效好氧反硝化特性,在养殖废水处理中具有较好的应用潜力.     

In situ U–Pb dating and trace element analysis of zircons in thin sections of eclogite: Refining constraints on the ultra high-pressure metamorphism of the Sulu terrane,China

In situ U–Pb dating and trace element analysis of zircons, combined with a textural relationship investigation in thin section, is a powerful tool to constrain the ultra high-pressure stage of high-grade metamorphism. Two types of zircon grains have been identified in thin sections of a retrograde eclogite from the main hole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drill project in the Sulu UHP terrane. Type 1 zircon grains occur as inclusions in fresh garnet and omphacite, and Type 2 zircon grains were found in symplectite around omphacite. The fresh rims of Type 1 zircons and mantles of a few Type 2 zircons exhibit remarkably lower REE, Y, Nb and Ta contents than the inherited zircon cores, suggesting coeval growth with garnet, rutile and apatite during UHP metamorphism. These may have formed in the UHP metamorphism and survived retrograde metamorphism. The weighted average ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of these zircon domains (230 ± 4 Ma, 2σ) agrees well with the published age of coesite-bearing zircon separates (230 ± 1 Ma, 2σ), suggesting that the peak UHP metamorphism in the Sulu terrane may have occurred at ~ 230 Ma.Zircon domains surrounded or cut across by symplectite could have been altered by retrograde metamorphism. Together, they provide a younger weighted average ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 209 ± 4 Ma (2σ). These retrograde zircon domains have similar REE compositions to the ~ 230 Ma UHP zircon domains. These observations imply that the ~ 209 Ma zircon domains could have formed by fluid activity-associated alterations in the amphibolite-facies metamorphism, which could have resulted in the complete loss of Pb but not REEs in these domains.     

Melting-induced fluid flow during exhumation of gneisses of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure terrane

Hydrothermally altered rocks are products of fluid–rock interactions, and typically preserve numerous quartz veins that formed as chemical precipitates from fluids that fill up cracks. Thus, quartz veins are the record of the fluid system that involved fracture flow in the direction of changing temperature or pressure. In order to decipher the fluid activity in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane in eastern China, quartz veins together with an adjacent eclogite lens and the host gneiss were studied. In one location a deformed quartz vein is located at the boundary between the host gneiss and the eclogite lens. The amphibolite-facies overprinting of the eclogite lens decreases from the rim to the core of the lens, with fresh eclogite preserved in the core. The foliated biotite gneiss contains felsic veins and residual phengites. Zircon rims from the gneiss are characterized by melt-related signatures with steep HREE patterns, high Hf contents and negative Eu anomalies, and a pool of weighted average ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U analyses reveal an age of 219 ± 3 Ma (2σ), which is younger than the UHP metamorphic age (236 ± 2 Ma, 2σ) recorded by zircons from the eclogite lens. This suggests that the gneiss in the Sulu UHP terrane could have suffered from partial melting due to phengite dehydration during the “hot” exhumation stage.The formation age of the quartz vein (219 ± 2 Ma, 2σ) defined by zircon rims agrees well with the partial melting time (219 ± 3 Ma, 2σ) of the host gneiss. The initial ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of zircon rims from the quartz vein are obviously lower than zircons from the eclogite lens, but overlap with the coeval zircon domains from the nearby granite dikes produced by partial melting of orthogneiss. These observations suggest that the quartz vein and corresponding fluid flow could be associated with partial melting of the host gneiss. On the other hand, amphibole-bearing and HREE-rich zircon rims from the amphibolite pool an amphibolite-facies metamorphic age of 217 ± 5 Ma (2σ), overlap with the formation age of the quartz vein. This implies that retrogression of the eclogite lens could have been caused by melting-induced fluid flow. Based on the above observations, we speculate that partial melting of the gneiss in the continental subduction-related UHP belt could have induced a significant fluid flow during the exhumation stage, and thus contributed significantly to the extensive retrogression of eclogites in the Sulu UHP terrane.