水膜理论在致密低渗透砂岩储层改造中的应用

致密低渗透砂岩储层一般以高含水为特征,其中缚水以水膜和毛管水形式存在。本文针对这些特点,从水膜形成、存在的物理化学机理出发,着重讨论水膜的性质及其对流体渗流的影响,并考虑以减小水膜厚度和改变水膜性质为思想基础进行致密低渗透砂岩储层改造。     

软土地基中单桩施工引起的超孔隙水压力

通过对桩基施工过程中实测资料的分析，探讨了沉桩时单桩周围土中产生的超孔隙水压力的大小、分布及影响范围，并与理论解进行了对比。还对桩-土界面处的超孔隙水压力进行了讨论。     

宿迁市文体馆基础隔震非线性时程分析研究

宿迁市文体馆4500座位，约13000m^2,位于8度抗震设防区，主体结构为钢筋混凝土结构空间框架，钢网壳屋盖。该工程采用基础隔震技术设计，在桩基顶面与上部结构之间设置架空层，用作安置设备管道及隔震层。隔震层由叠层橡胶隔震支座和粘滞阻尼器组成。对主体结构基础隔震采用空间模型非线性时程分析方法进行了详细分析，结果表明：采用基础隔震措施可显著降低结构地震作用，上部结构水平地震作用减震系数可按0．25采用；设置附加粘滞阻尼器能较好地解决降低地震作用和限制隔震层位移之间的矛盾，对提高隔震体系的性能具有重要作用。技术经济比较表明，本工程采用基础隔震措施，具有明显的社会、经济效益。     

基于统计归纳学习的GIS属性数据挖掘

将统计分析方法和面向属性的归纳方法结合起来，形成了一种应用面比较广的统计归纳学习方法，可以用于GIS属性数据挖掘。同时提出GIS属性数据挖掘可以分为3个层次，包括从数据生成新的数据，从数据产生模型和从归纳出知识，由原始数据生成数据，可以得出变量之间粗浅的关系，从数据推导出的模型，可以定量描述变量之间的关系，由数据挖掘出的知识，可以揭示客观世界的普遍性规律。     

十年来我国工程地质科学成就与展望

本文通过三峡工程地质研究,秦岭隧道工程地质研究、西安地裂缝研究、海口市土地利用、露天矿边坡稳定性研究等实例论述了十年来工程地质学在理论与实践上取得的成就,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Late Quaternary environmental changes in the Pearl River mouth region, China

This study presents findings concerning Late Quaternary environmental changes in the Pearl River mouth region, China based on the study of over 300 boreholes. Out of these, 35 boreholes are selected for the reconstruction of transects across the deltaic plain and estuary. 39 radiocarbon dates obtained from these boreholes are used to help define the chronology of stratigraphic units present including two terrestrial units (T1 and T2) and two marine units (M1 and M2). Diatom assemblages are studied in 6 boreholes revealing similarities and differences between the two marine units. Before the area was inundated by the last interglacial sea (MIS 5), an older terrestrial unit of sand and gravel (T2) was laid down in a number of palaeo-valleys. During the last interglacial period, an older marine unit of silt and clay (M2) was laid down which was subsequently subaerially exposed when sea-level regressed during the last glacial period (MIS 4-2) causing the uppermost section to be weathered. During the same period, a younger terrestrial unit of sand and gravel (T1) was deposited along palaeo-river channels. Around the early Holocene before 8.2 cal. ka BP, the postglacial rise in sea level initiated a new phase of sedimentation in the outer part of the estuary, characterised by the high percentages of marine diatoms in the sediments. In the early Holocene, strong monsoon freshwater discharge resulted in sedimentation of a fine-sand layer in the inner part of the estuary. After 8.2 cal. ka BP, rapid rises in sea level caused widespread marine inundation and sedimentation. The diatom data suggest that the relative sea level associated with the M2 and M1 units were both at similar levels. Because the M2 unit is typically recorded at altitudes of 15 m and 20 m below the present sea level, this is likely to be a result of long-term subsidence. Although numerical dating of the pre-M1 units has not been made in the present study, the chronology of these units can be inferred from uranium-series ages and optically stimulated luminescence dating obtained from the adjacent coastal waters of Hong Kong. The T1 unit has yielded ages of about 30.0 cal. ka BP while the M2 unit has yielded ages about 130.0 cal. ka BP confirming their MIS 4-2 and MIS 5 ages respectively.     

西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山和布克河组晚泥盆世化石的发现及其地层归属

西准噶尔地区广泛分布的和布克河组已被证明是洪古勒楞组的晚出异名,本文在西准噶尔克拉赛勒克山原划为下石炭统"和布克河组"的碎屑岩地层中发现了丰富的动、植物化石,包括:三叶虫Phacops sp.,菊石Manticoceras sp.,腕足类Tylothyris sp.,Aulacella sp.,"Mucrospirifer"sp.,Cyrtospirifer sp.,植物Leptophloeum rhombicum,Syringodendron sp.,Knorria sp.,其时代显示为晚泥盆世。根据岩性组合特征将其厘定为上泥盆统铁列克提组,而非"和布克河组"的替代名称洪古勒楞组。通过区域地质调查工作,证明了西准噶尔玛依力山地层小区内没有洪古勒楞组的分布,其晚泥盆世地层仅由铁列克提组组成,洪古勒楞组只分布在沙尔布尔提山地层小区,两个地层小区的界线为孟布拉克北侧至谢米斯台山南坡的深大断裂。晚泥盆世两个地层小区沉积分异明显,直到早石炭世早期才进入统一的盆地演化阶段,地层小区的分区性也随之消失。     

Recent Study of the Changjiang Fault Zone

The Changjiang fault zone, also known as the Mufushan-Jiaoshan fault, is a famous fault located at the southern bank of the Changjiang River, near the Nanjing downtown area. Based on multidisciplinary data from shallow artificial seismic explorations in the target detecting area (Nanjing city and the nearby areas), trenching and drilling explorations, classification of Quaternary strata and chronology dating data, this paper provides the most up-to-date results regarding activities of the Changjiang fault zone, including the most recent active time, activity nature, related active parameters, and their relation to seismic activity.     

三氧二氮席夫碱冠醚DTDC合成的研究

设计了三条路线合成了席夫碱冠醚２,３：１０,１１－二苯并－１,１２,１５－三氧杂－５,８－二氧－２,３：４,５：８,９：１０,１１－十七环四烯（ＤＴＤＣ）,并通过红外、紫外、伏安法等手段对产品的性状进行了表征。结果表明,设计的路线都是可行的,且具有简便、产物纯度高等优点。     

裂缝发育区平面分布的分形评价

裂缝是一种具有强烈非均质特征的油气储集 体,其在三维空间内的分布具有非 线性特征。运用相似维数统计法对裂缝发育带在二维平面内分布的分形特征进行研究,并用 该定量参数进行层间裂缝发育程度的定量对比。理论上证实,相似维数这一分形参数可以定 量表征裂缝发育带对二维空间的充填能力,实际统计结果表明,裂缝发育带的统计相似维数 高低与层间总体产能的对比关系是完全吻合的。