晚泥盆世牙形刺及软骨鱼类在西准噶尔塔克台组中的发现及意义

新疆西准噶尔哈拉也门地区原有一套地层划分为下石炭统和布克河组,岩性组合与标准剖面差异较大,因此,新建塔克台组.在该组参考剖面TK01第3层含化石的灰岩透镜体中,发现了少量非常重要的浅水相牙形刺,包括3属6种1未定种:Icriodus alternatus alternatus、Icriodus cornutus、Icriodus expansus、Polygnathus krestovnikovi、Polygnathus procerus、Polygnathus makhlinae、Ancyrognathus sp.,与这些牙形刺共生的还有软骨鱼类化石Protacrodus sp.和Phoebodus sp..该化石组合表明,新建的塔克台组的时代为晚泥盆世法门期早期.      

双偏振相控阵雷达误差评估与相态识别方法

选取2020年3—9月深圳求雨坛的X波段双偏振相控阵雷达探测数据, 与同位置的S波段双偏振雷达进行对比。通过一定限制条件定量分析引入误差的原因, 发现反射率因子Z_H和差分反射率Z_DR的标定误差和随机误差较大, 其中Z_H误差变化范围为-0.5~4.5 dB, Z_DR误差变化范围为-0.7~0.2 dB。在上述较大误差影响下, 传统模糊逻辑相态识别方法的水凝物相态识别结果不可靠, 因此根据不同相态的雷达参量特征范围以及融化层高度建立基本结构为二叉树的决策树相态识别方法。针对上述方法的实际应用效果, 分别从水凝物相态识别结果对误差的敏感性和空间分布的合理性进行评估, 结果表明: 决策树相态识别方法的水凝物相态识别结果稳定性高于模糊逻辑相态识别方法, 且在对流云中的水凝物相态分布更加合理, 能够发挥X波段双偏振相控阵雷达在研究云内水凝物相态演变的优势。     

Carlin-type gold deposits in Qinling and some related problems

The sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits in the Oinling region are of sedimentation-slight-metamorphic origin superimposed by hydrothermal reworking at moderate-low temperatures and are well comparable with the typical Carlin gold deposits in the United States.In view of the confusing concept concerning the “sediment-hosted”and “Carlin-type” gold deposits,the authors propose that the term“sediment-hosted gold deposit”should be used in a broad sense which encompasses at least the four subtypes,i.e.,the Carlin type,the metamorphic fine clastic type,the hydrothermal sedimentary type and the vein type.In oter words,the “Carlin-type”should not be used as a synonym for “sediment-hosted”but is recommended as a subtype under the general category of “sediment-hosted gold deposits”     

基于地物光谱特征的成像光谱遥感矿物识别方法

成像光谱技术是遥感技术发展的前沿技术之一 ,它是在可见光、近红外及短波红外上 ,集图像、光谱于一体的具有高光谱分辨率的纳米遥感技术。文中从岩矿光谱特性的研究入手 ,通过光谱特征识别准则 ,利用机载的可见光、近红外及短波红外成像光谱 (HyMap)数据 ,开展成像光谱遥感矿物识别的试验研究。试验识别的矿物有绿泥石、绿帘石、橄榄石、绢云母、滑石、石膏及黑云母等。试验结果表明 ,通过矿物光谱特征分析与其识别原则进行成像光谱遥感矿物识别获得了很好的效果。因此 ,基于地物光谱特征进行成像光谱矿物直接识别确实可行 ,有利于矿产资源评价中成矿物源和矿化蚀变信息分析。     

中国南京与美国德克萨斯稻田甲烷排放的比较(英文)

稻田甲烷排放试验分别在南京与德克萨斯水稻生长季实施，观测期内测定甲烷排放通量、上壤温度和水稻生物量。结果表明：南京稻田土镶温度的季节性变幅为１５．３℃，甲烷排放通量与土壤温度成非线性正相关而与水稻生物量无关；德克萨斯稻田土壤温度的季节性变幅为的２．９℃，甲烷排放通量与土壤温度无关而与水稻生物量成线性正相关。由此得出结论：在持续淹水和无外源有机碳施加的条件下，土壤温度变幅大的地区驱动稻田甲烷排放季节性变化的关键因子为土壤温度，土壤温度变幅小的地区其关键驱动因子则为水稻的生长量。     

西准噶尔中古生代复理石相遗迹化石及其古环境意义

西准噶尔复理石相遗迹化石主要分布于上泥盆统-下石炭统塔尔巴哈台组以及石炭系的包古图组、太勒古拉组和哈拉阿拉特组中, 典型遗迹属包括Phycosiphon, Nereites, Megagrapton, Glockerichnus, Cochlichnus, Lophoctenium, Gordia, Chondrites, Zoophycos, Scolicia, Thalassinoides.这些遗迹化石构成具有典型深水Nereites遗迹相特征的Phycosiphon-Nereites遗迹化石组合和Megagrapton-Glockerichnus-Cochlichnus遗迹化石组合.包古图组和太勒古拉组属于海底扇中下扇扇缘-盆地平原环境; 哈拉阿拉特组和塔尔巴哈台组则属于海底扇中下扇扇叶环境.西准噶尔复理石相遗迹化石分布与鲍马序列的厚度密切相关, 在毫米-厘米级鲍马序列中, 遗迹化石属种单调且保存较差, 可见单一属的Phycosiphon或Nereites; 而在厘米-分米级鲍马序列中, 可见不同直径大小和形态上具有过渡的Phycosiphon和Nereites, 可能代表同种造迹生物不同个体发育阶段的生物遗迹.海底扇不同亚环境单个鲍马序列的厚度决定了底栖生物是否有足够的时间形成较为成熟的群落(包括一系列幼年和成年个体).      

裂变径迹年龄多成分分离技术及其在沉积盆地物源分析中的应用

在沉积岩样品的单颗粒裂变径迹年龄测试中,常常出现同一个样品的径迹年龄可能由多个不同年龄组分构成的情况。当样品的年龄未能通过 χ2检验时,就必须对样品的年龄进行进一步的多成分分析。本文介绍的最大似然估计方法就是一种有效的年龄成分分离技术。应用这一技术,我们对苏北盆地JSG井的 3个岩心样品 (JSG1、JSG2、JSG3)的 144个磷灰石单颗粒矿物年龄进行了多成分分离,表明上述三个样品实际上是由年龄值分别为 70Ma和 16 7Ma左右的两个成分组成的。这两组年龄的存在表明沉积时存在两个不同的物源区,两组径迹年龄反映的则是磷灰石碎屑颗粒在物源区最后一次达到完全退火温度 (大于 12 0°C)的时间。     

气候变化对江苏省小麦生产的可能影响

根据国内外研究结果综合分析,得到ＣＯ２倍增时江苏省温度、降水的变化值,初步确定了ＣＯ２倍增时江苏省小麦生长季内的可能气候情景。分析未来ＣＯ２倍增时对小麦作物的直接影响、间接影响及紫外辐射影响。具体估算了温度升高、降水增加、ＣＯ２浓度上升、紫外辐射增强后江苏省小麦生育期不变和生育期缩短两种情景下的气候生产潜力,并由此分析了气候变暖对江苏省不同地区的利弊影响。结果表明：江北大部分地区小麦产量有所增加,     

小麦生育期计算机模拟系统初步研究

在小麦生长发育的数值模拟研究的基础上,将小麦生育期划分为４个阶段,分别制定了数学模型中和子程序,确定模型的参数,模拟出每一阶段的生育期天数,并且就每一阶段的温光条件对生育期各阶段的影响给出了分析与决策,该系统对了解小麦生长发育与气象条件的定量关系,对不同发育期小麦采取有效的措施具有参考意义,也是计算机应用小麦生产的一种尝试,系统采用中文菜单操作,界面友好,可人机交互,结构化,模块化技术使系统具有蝗     

Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice-wheat rotation as affected by crop residue incorporation and temperature

Field measurements were made from June 2001 to May 2002 to evaluate the effect of crop residue application and temperature on CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions within an entire rice-wheat rotation season.Rapeseed cake and wheat straw were incorporated into the soil at a rate of 2.25 t hm-2 when the rice crop was transplanted in June 2001. Compared with the control, the incorporation of rapeseed cake enhanced the emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O in the rice-growing season by 12.3%, 252.3%, and 17.5%,respectively, while no further effect was held on the emissions of CO2 and N2O in the following wheatgrowing season. The incorporation of wheat straw enhanced the emissions of CO2 and CH4 by 7.1%and 249.6%, respectively, but reduced the N2O emission by 18.8% in the rice-growing season. Significant reductions of 17.8% for the CO2 and of 12.9% for the N2O emission were observed in the following wheatgrowing season. A positive correlation existed between the emissions of N2O and CO2 (R2 = 0.445, n =73, p ＜ 0.001) from the rice-growing season when N2O was emitted. A trade-off relationship between the emissions of CH4 and N2O was found in the rice-growing season. The CH4 emission was significantly correlated with the CO2 emission for the period from rice transplantation to field drainage, but not for the entire rice-growing season. In addition, air temperature was found to regulate the CO2 emissions from the non-waterlogged period over the entire rice-wheat rotation season and the N2O emissions from the nonwaterlogged period of the rice-growing season, which can be quantitatively described by an exponential function. The temperature coefficient (Q10) was then evaluated to be 2.3±0.2 for the CO2 emission and 3.9±0.4 for the N2O emission, respectively.