利用深井地震速度记录确定震级的初步研究

利用上海遥测地震台网虹桥、南汇台深井地震速度记录资料讨论地震尾波衰减与震级关系.采用统计方法求得了用垂直向地震波持续时间 L 测定震级M_v 的公式M_v 虹桥=-0.981+1.677×log(L)+0.600×log(△)±0.22M_v 南汇=-1.461+1.979×log(L)+0.506×log(△)±0.22结果表明,地震速度记录的持续时间 L 的对数加上震中距(△,单位:km)的对数与震级在近震范围内(△<5°)呈线性关系,说明用地震速度记录同样可以测定地震震级,这有助于提高深井速度记录资料的推广和应用。     

淮阴台井下测震震级偏差初探

依据台站两年来实测的地震震级和江苏省区域测震台网定的震级进行比较,计算出各个地震的偏差值和台站的震级校正值,并获得相应的标准误差,最后对影响震级差值因素进行了探讨。     

大棚黄瓜霜霉病与温度控制的关系模式及其防治指标研究

大棚黄瓜霜霉病是一种危害严重的病害,通过调节棚内小气候条件来抑制病害的发生和流行是一种很有前途的生态防治方法。本文通过田间温度控制对比试验,建立病害与温度控制的相关模式,为确定防治指标提供科学依据。     

VARIATIONS IN THE TELECONNECTION INTENSITY INDICES AND THEIR REMOTE RESPONSE TO THE EL NINO EVENTS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE*

In this study,the monthly and seasonal teleconnection intensity indices of the Pacific/North American(PNA),Western Atlantic(WA),Western Pacific(WP),Eastern Atlantic(EA) and Eurasian(EU) patterns for the period from 1951 through 1990 are calculated.On this basis,their climatic variations and the relationship between the five teleconnection intensity indices and the El Nino events are examined.It is noted that when El Nino is at its mature stage(winter),the weak WP pattern is mainly characteristic of the circulation and the strong PNA pattern is the next.In summer when El Nino occurs and develops,the strong EU,weak WP and weak WA patterns are the main characteristics without the PNA circulation anomalies.Finally,by the nonlinear mapping method a nonlinear mapping diagram is established for diagnosing El Nino using three summer teleeonuection intensity indices and May and August Southern Oscillation Indices(SOIs).Thus,the El Nino phenomenon occurring in 1991 is diagnosed.Besides,the winter atmospheric circulation of the 1991/1992 El Nino is found to be the weak WP pattern and the PNA pattern is also weak.     

蒲江—新津—成都—德阳断裂带——成都平原内一条代表性弱活动地震带的地震地质特征

活断层是地震的潜在策源地。然而不同的活断层上地震潜在能力有极大的差别。客观地评价活断层上地震潜在能力不仅是地震预报研究的需要,对国民经济建设的布局和抗震决策也极为重要。在这个意义上,对弱活动性断裂的研究与对强活动性断裂的研究具有同样的重要性。本文以弱活动的蒲江—新津—成都—德阳断裂带为例,讨论了该断裂的晚第四纪活动性,断裂带的地质结构以及断裂的切割深度等因素对该断裂带地震潜在能力的可能影响。     

大华北浅源地震与日本海西部及我国东北深震的关系

分析了大华北浅源地震与日本海西部及我国东北深震的关系,认为本世纪来日本海西部—我国东北深震经历了5个相对活跃期,大华北各地震区相应经历这5个活跃期的影响期。根据大华北M≧6级浅源地震与深震活动的相关性,建立了太平洋板块楔形俯冲带端部重大深震事件导致大华北浅源M≧6级地震发生的板块俯冲模型,应变波传播速度约94km/年,地表视速度约100km/年。重大深震事件突出、模型稳定性强,预测实验表明模型公式可做大华北地震监测参考。用本模型可以解释浅源地震迁移、各地震区地震与深震活动相关等现象。     

The expert system for earthquake prediction (I)—the overall design and main structure

The Expert System For Earthquake Prediction (ESEP) is summarized in this paper. ESEP embraces three subsystems: long-middle term prediction system, annual prediction system and middle-short term prediction system. Each of the subsystems is composed of seven modules: the controlling module, the data base module, the expert knowledge base module, the method base module, the fact preparation module, the reasoning and decision-making module and the plotting and displaying module. The reasoning model ESEP/R and the knowledge expression model ESEP/K are set up in the ESEP, and new evidence combinations, CON (confine), W (weigh), and SYN (synthesize), have been proposed. The distinctive features of the ESEP are: (1) systemized; (2) several experts’ knowledge can be synthesized; (3) a large amount of data and experts’ experience is embraced; (4) four reasoning models and the synthetic decision-making technic are adopted; (5) several software environments are used; (6) modularization; and (7) possessing the friendly user interfaces. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 1–8, 1992.     

花岗岩的成岩作用和形成环境——存在的问题和解决的途径

本文针对当前花岗岩研究中存在的一些问题,结合笔者等近年来的工作,概述了进一步研究花岗岩成岩作用和形成环境的新思路。主要包括:(1)利用成分协变图,结合岩石包体成因类型的认识,探讨花岗岩化学演化进程;(2)在全面考察花岗岩的构造样式、岩石组合、岩浆演化和区域地壳不均一性基础上,分析花岗岩形成的构造背景。     

浙闽近海瓯江凹陷新生代地质构造发展特征

瓯江凹陷的上白垩统和下第三系建造序列具体反映了断凹演化。断陷阶段分为初始开裂、强裂裂开、全面裂陷和频繁振荡。凹陷阶段沐现了海浸—沉降—填满全过程,凹陷由数个剖面上呈箕状的菱形次级小断块组成。这种结构及发展特征既与弧后垃开体制有关,也与瓯江凹陷处于中生代地体碰撞带有关。瓯江凹陷是东海陆架弧后裂陷盆地的一部分。     

包心构造是铝土矿床的成因标志

铝土矿床的包心构造,即粘土岩层包裹铝土矿体,是腐植酸长期分解土壤硅酸盐,而导致土壤剖面的垂直分层。具备垂直渗水系统的地形,如岩溶洼地、平顶山丘,是成矿的先决条件之一。铝岩系是一套陆相地层,夹在地层剖面的基底岩层风化侵蚀面之上,和其上发育植被的沉积间断面之下。铝土矿是陆上成矿,是植物化学风化残积矿床。