自然遗产地生态脆弱性分析与评价——以托木尔区域为例

以托木尔区域为研究区,从景观生态学的角度,结合生态环境特征,选取分离度、分维数倒数、破碎度、植被覆盖指数和土壤侵蚀指数作为评价指标,探讨各景观类型区域生态环境脆弱度的空间分异规律,并依据生态环境的脆弱度等级结果进行区划。结果表明：（1）依据研究区海拔、坡度值划定地貌特征区,包括极高山、高山边缘区,南北部中山区,红层地貌区和南北部低山丘陵区;（2）建设用地的分离度最大,各景观类型的分维数倒数值差别不大,低覆盖度草地破碎度、景观类型脆弱度最大;（3）托木尔区域生态环境脆弱度指数具有强烈的空间自相关性,是自然因素和人为因素共同作用的结果;（4）区域生态环境脆弱度指数空间表现为“北低南高”的趋势,自然因素是影响生态环境高脆弱度区域（7～9级）的主导干扰因素;人类活动与自然因素共同作用于生态环境中脆弱度区域（4～6级）;影响低脆弱度区域（1～3级）生态环境脆弱度的主要因素是人类活动;（5）根据研究区内生态环境脆弱度值,结合当地自然特征、社会经济发展现状,研究区可划分为保护区、限制开发区和可开发区,并对其实施差别化的政策管理与保护措施。     

鄂尔多斯盆地查布水源地地下水水化学特征及其影响因素

根据94件水化学样品的分析结果,对查布水源地地下水水化学特征及其空间分布规律进行了研究,并结合含水层沉积环境及补径条件探讨了地下水化学成分的影响因素,以期为水源地水质保护提供依据。结果表明：地下水水化学类型呈现明显的水平分带性,东部地下水中阴离子以HCO3^-为主,地下水水质一般较好,矿化度多小于1g／L;西部地下水中阴离子以SO4^2-、Cl^-为主,水质变差,矿化度明显增高;研究区硝酸盐污染比较明显,F^-局部超标,矿化度超标也比较明显;水质受含水层的沉积环境和地下水补径条件及人畜活动的影响明显。水源地开采后,其影响会加大,因此应制定合理的水源地保护方案。     

CO Clouds around SNR G21.8-0.6 and G32.8-0.1

We made the first CO(I—0) mapping to SNR G21.8-0.6 and SNR G32.8-0.1, both associated with OH 1720 MHz maser.Based on the morphological correspondence and velocity and position agreement between the radio remnant and the CO clouds,we tentatively identify the clouds that are respectively interacting with the two SNRs.     

长江沿江地区化工产业空间格局演化及影响因素

基于企业数据和空间计量方法,探讨了长江沿江地区2000—2013年化工产业空间格局演化及影响因素。结果表明：化工产业主要分布在上海市和江苏沿江地区;中上游部分地区化工产业呈现明显的增长势头,由3个主要热点区发展到20余个不同规模大小的分布热点,成为化工产业新兴“增长极”;城市主城区化工产业减少而远郊区县增加,分布热点变化也反映了化工产业“郊区化”“园区化”的过程;相对低端基础的行业呈现集聚趋势,其中肥料业集聚明显;相对高端精细的行业呈现扩散趋势,其中合成材料业分散化明显;地区化工产业增长受到环境规制、外商投资、交通区位等因素显著影响,外商投资和交通区位具有显著的促进作用,而环境规制呈现显著的抑制效果。     

等鞭金藻8701培养液的营养组成研究

等鞭金藻８７０１品系是作用（周，孙）新分离的一个单细饵料藻种。其形态构造与绿光等鞭金藻相同，便适温远较后者为低。通过单因子和正交试验表明，培养液的最佳配方是在天然海水中加入ＮａＮＯ３３０ｐｐｍ，ＣＯ（ＨＮ２）２１５ｐｐｍ，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４或ＮａＨ２ＰＯ４－８ｐｐｍ，ＦｅＣ６Ｈ５Ｏ７０．５ｐｐｍ，维生素Ｂ１０．１ｐｐｍ和维生素Ｂ１２０．０００５ｐｐｍ。     

Tracking historical storm records from high-barrier lagoon deposits on the southeastern coast of Hainan Island,China

The relationship between storm activity and global warming remains uncertain. To better understand storm–climate relationships, coastal lagoon deposits are increasingly being investigated because they could provide high-resolution storm records long enough to cover past climate changes. However, site-specific sediment dynamics and high barriers may bias storm reconstructions. Here, we aimed to investigate these factors through the reconstruction of five distinct storm records (XCL-01, XC-03, XC-06, XC-07, XC-08) from different water depths in a lagoon with a high barrier (i.e., Xincun Lagoon of Hainan Island). Sediment cores were characterized using high-resolution grain size and XRF measurements, to identify storm events. These data were coupled with a numerical simulation to obtain bed shear stress data with high-spatial resolution to better understand storm-induced sediment transport mechanisms. 210Pb dating and Pb pollution chronostratigraphic markers indicated that the chronology of the storm deposit sequences of the cores span the period between 117 a and 348 a. The grain size and XRF results indicated numerous, highly variable and short-duration fluctuations, suggesting that storm-induced coarse-grained sediments were deposited at these core sites. The inconsistent storm events recorded in these cores suggest that these sites have different preservation potentials for storm deposits. However, the consistence between storm sediment records and historical documents for Core XCL-01 indicates that high-barrier lagoons could provide long-term storm event records with high preservation potential.     

太阳大气中氢原子的赖曼谱线

氢是太阳大气中最主要的元素。氢原子的赖曼(Lyman)谱线,尤其是赖曼阿尔法(Ly-α)谱线的辐射,是太阳色球和低过渡区能量损失的主要形式。在太阳的赖曼α像中,网络组织的辐射比较强,而辐射最强的地方是活动区。由于存在辐射转移效应,在宁静区,低阶赖曼谱线的谱形中央一般会形成一个凹陷,而在中央两侧则形成两个峰,两峰往往呈现出一定的不对称性。数值模拟和观测研究表明,赖曼谱线双峰的不对称性与高层大气中各种系统性流动有关。在太阳活动区,赖曼谱形在谱斑区与在宁静区类似;而在黑子区,赖曼谱形几乎没有中央凹陷。赖曼谱形也可用于诊断日珥、耀斑和日冕物质抛射等结构和现象的等离子体特性。该文回顾了赖曼谱线的观测历史,阐明了观测与模拟结果所揭示的物理过程,并结合笔者的认识进行了相应的评论。     

Phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Yellow Sea: Benthic foraminiferal evidence from core C02

Assemblages of benthic foraminifera in a sediment core (C02) near the western margin of the southern Yellow Sea Mud were studied to decipher the phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes associated with the Holocene marine transgression. It appears that during the early Holocene (11.2–10.1 kyr BP), the faunal was dominated by low salinity and shallow water species Cribrononion subincertum, Buccella frigida and Ammonia beccarii, reflecting a near coast depositional environment. A rapid increase of the relative abundance of Ammonia compressiuscula between 10.1–9.3 kyr BP indicates that the sea level rose rapidly during that time period. From 9.3–7.7 kyr BP, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage was dominated by high percentage of A. compressiscula, suggesting that the sea level was relatively stable. An obvious transition of benthic foraminifera, from the A. compressiuscula-dominated assemblage to an Ammonia ketienziensis-dominated assemblage, occurred between 7.7–6.2 kyr BP, possibly corresponding to a second sea level rapid rise period in the Yellow Sea during the Holocene. This transition may correspond to the gradually strengthened Yellow Sea warm current (YSWC) and finally is established the modern-type circulation in the Yellow Sea. It may also mark the formation of the Yellow Sea cold bottom water (YSCBW) during that period. Since then, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage based on core C02 was dominated by typical YSCBW species, A. ketienziensis, Astrononion italicum and Hanzawaia nipponica, at 6.2–4 kyr BP. A non-deposition period occurred since ～4 kyr BP, which possibly related to the hydrology changes caused by the East Asia monsoon. The two obvious benthic foraminiferal transitions recorded in core C02 during the early and middle Holocene provide evidence that the Yellow Sea has undergone a two-phase rapid sea level rise during the Holocene marine transgression.     

Sr2CoO4-δ薄膜中的自旋玻璃态的磁性质研究

用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)在铝酸镧衬底上制备了c取向的高氧空位含量的锶钴氧薄膜.X射线衍射分析表明薄膜单一取向且没有明显杂相.原位的高气压反射式高能电子衍射仪(RHEED)监测显示,薄膜为层状生长.通过对薄膜磁化强度随温度、磁场及时间的变化曲线进行测量,发现零场冷曲线上可能存在两个特征温度:T_f和T_a.T_f为对应玻璃态的冻结温度而T_a对应少量的不缺     

人工越冬对虾体内寄生纤毛虫——旋毛蟹栖拟阿脑虫,新亚种的记述

报导了从中国对虾(Penaeus orientalis Kishnouye)越冬亲虾血淋巴内分离的盾纤毛目纤毛虫一新亚种,隶属于嗜污科(Philasteridae)拟阿脑虫属(Paranophrys),系蟹栖拟阿脑虫(Paranophrys carcini)一新地理亚种,定名为旋毛蟹栖拟阿脑虫,新亚种(Paranophrys carcini spiralis subsp.nov.)。本工作对该亚种做了蛋白银染色、银浸法、孚尔根染色,以显示其银线系、纤毛下器及细胞核器,并结合扫描电镜对虫体形态作了观察与鉴定。文内对该亚种的形态学作了描述并列表比较了所在属诸种主要性状特征以及本新亚种与相似种在形态特征上的主要差别,以确定新亚种的成立。