应用线性合成概率方法探讨青藏高原北部地区强震趋势

基于周期谱分析基础上的线性合成概率预测方法,对青藏高原北部地区Ms≥7.0、Ms≥6.5强震进行了试验性研究,并利用其结果作为预测依据,对青藏高原北部地区强震趋势做了初步估计.利用该方法,本文还对东昆仑断裂带1900年以来的Ms≥7.0强震进行了研究.     

阿尔金断裂花海段新生代变形特征及时间

在地表地质调查并结合钻井资料分析的基础上,主要通过地震剖面的精细地质解释,对阿尔金断裂东段的构造变形特征进行了系统分析。认为阿尔金断裂经阿克塞至肃北向北东东方向延伸,既没有止于玉门市西北的宽台山,也没有延伸至金塔盆地,而是止于其间的花海盆地花探7井东侧。阿尔金断裂花海段的变形时间主要为渐新世晚期、上新世末期和晚更新世末,以后者最为强烈。与红柳峡段的对比说明变形强度自西向东逐渐减弱,变形方式主要为走滑兼逆冲,主要构造样式为半花状构造,并派生有一系列向南西西方向收敛的弧形断裂。     

鄂西-渝东地区热史恢复及烃源岩成烃史

根据鄂西—渝东地区镜质体反射率数据进行的热史恢复结果表明:该区在晚二叠世初期达到最高古热流(可达68~78mW/m²,地表热流),从晚二叠世初到现今古热流持续降低,在侏罗纪末期古热流平均为~54mW/m²(地表热流);鄂西—渝东地区中生界与新生界之间不整合面的剥蚀量可达1700~4000m。成烃史研究表明:鄂西—渝东地区志留系烃源岩在晚志留世—早二叠世进入生油高峰,在早-中三叠世进入生气期,中侏罗世晚期进入过成熟干气阶段,快速生烃时期是在晚志留世、二叠纪—中三叠世及早-中侏罗世;而二叠系烃源岩在早三叠世进入生油门限,于中-晚三叠世达到生油高峰,在中-晚侏罗世进入生气期,晚侏罗世晚期进入过成熟,快速生烃时期是在早-中三叠世及侏罗纪。     

一种非平稳噪声背景下的线谱相干检测方法

舰艇目标航行时往往向水中辐射大量线状谱结构的声波信号,线谱信号检测对舰艇目标的被动探测至关重要.实际水下环境噪声常表现为时域非平稳噪声,常规离散傅里叶变换类线谱检测方法时域积分时,不可避免会引入非平稳噪声背景中出现的短时强干扰噪声,使积分结果中线谱信噪比大幅降低,线谱检测性能急剧恶化.为解决上述问题,对分段离散傅里叶变...     

氡测量在成都平原隐伏断裂研究中的初步应用

通过成都平原大邑—竹瓦铺—五珠沱断裂带、双流—成都—德阳断裂带两条NWW向隐伏断裂进行放射性伽玛能谱和氡气测量,对所获得的相关数据进行对比分析,用放射性测量的方法进一步确认和解释了这两条隐伏断裂的存在。     

Sensitivity of streamflow from a Himalayan catchment to plausible changes in land cover and climate

Global climate change will likely increase temperature and variation in precipitation in the Himalayas, modifying both supply of and demand for water. This study assesses combined impacts of land‐cover and climate changes on hydrological processes and a rainfall‐to‐streamflow buffer indicator of watershed function using the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Kejie watershed in the eastern Himalayas. The Hadley Centre Coupled Model Version 3 (HadCM3) was used for two Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenarios (A2 and B2), for 2010–2099. Four land‐cover change scenarios increase forest, grassland, crops, or urban land use, respectively, reducing degraded land. The SWAT model predicted that downstream water resources will decrease in the short term but increase in the long term. Afforestation and expansion in cropland will probably increase actual evapotranspiration (ET) and reduce annual streamflow but will also, through increased infiltration, reduce the overland flow component of streamflow and increase groundwater release. An expansion in grassland will decrease actual ET, increase annual streamflow and groundwater release, while decreasing overland flow. Urbanization will result in increases in streamflow and overland flow and reductions in groundwater release and actual ET. Land‐cover change dominated over effects on streamflow of climate change in the short and middle terms. The predicted changes in buffer indicator for land‐use plus climate‐change scenarios reach up to 50% of the current (and future) range of inter‐annual variability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

标准系列制备的一种简单方法

一些新的稀释装置已用于原子发射光谱法和原子吸收分光光度法中,改变了以往预先配制浓度依次变化的标准系列的习惯做法。Ko(?)cielniak提出的一种非连续稀释方法,所配制溶液的浓度与稀释次数成指数关系。本文采用了这种技术对稀释装置作了改进,只需要一个小锥形瓶,添加或稀释同一个原始溶液便可制备出一系列标准溶液。设备简单、操作方便,用于原子吸收分光光度法测定钾长石中的钠、钾并与常规法对照结果满意。     

应用地层放射性元素地球化学参数评价地层含铀远景

根据放射性元素地球化学特性和岩相建造理论,作者研究了沉积建造层位中U、Th、K的分布特征,以及它们的组分参数MA、MB同地层铀富集矿化程度的关系,通过不同矿化程度的地层中MA和MB的对比,得出4种类型矿化程度的含铀层位的MA和MB值范围,为采用放射性元素的多参数定量评价地层含铀远景提供了一定经验。     

Neutron activation studies of the geochemical behaviours of 26 elements in deep-sea drill core sediments from the Indian Ocean

The geochemical behaviours of 26 elements in deep-sea drill core sediments from the Indian Ocean have been investigated with INAA, including Na, K, Ca, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Rb, Sr, Zr, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Au, Th and U. Their distribution patterns with depth are also discussed. In terms of the enrichment factors of the respective elements, their residence times in the sea have been calculated by the least squares fitting and are compared with the previous results.