库布齐沙漠HDPE网和植物纤维网沙障防沙试验效应

在库布齐沙漠流动沙丘区建立HDPE网和植物纤维网工程沙障试验区,采用MetOne 014A/024A型8通道风速仪、8方位集沙仪、风蚀插钎,观测试验沙障影响下的风速、输沙量和地表侵蚀堆积,对比分析不同规格HDPE网、植物纤维网方格沙障和HDPE网前沿高立式阻沙沙障的防风固沙效应。结果表明：（1）一定孔隙度（50%）的方格沙障中心风速垂直变化幅度与变化规律,仅与沙障平面规格和高度（h）密切相关,与试验材料基本无关。相同平面规格的方格沙障,高度（h）大者降风效应显著;相同高度的方格沙障,小规格降风效应较为显著;（2）试验沙障及其防沙体系对风沙流输沙产生明显影响,相近地貌部位,5.0m×5.0m（h=100cm）植物纤维网方格中心输沙量远小于1.0m×1.0m（h=20cm）HDPE网方格和流动沙丘区,大规格高立式沙障固沙效应优于小规格低立式沙障;（3）试验沙障的地表侵蚀堆积状态仅与沙障规格有关,沙障材料的影响不明显。     

University Campuses and Housing Markets: Evidence from Nanjing

China has witnessed unprecedented growth of its universities in recent years. Because they function as a sort of urban quasi-public good, university campuses generate a variety of externalities within surrounding communities, including their impacts on adjacent housing markets. Through an analysis of the case of Nanjing, China, this study attempts to quantify the association between university campuses and housing markets in China and to help policymakers, planners, and community members better understand campus–community relationships more generally. The study yields the following findings. First, university campuses have been capitalized into the housing prices of their neighboring communities in Nanjing. Second, in the proximate communities, university campus spillover benefits involve trade-offs with the amenity values of other public goods. Third, campus capitalization effects vary across different tiers of universities. Based on the empirical results, we offer several policy implications, key among which are that policymakers need to acknowledge and rationally distribute the potential spillover benefits of the campus to multiple stakeholders; campus and residential communities should be planned synergistically to optimize land use efficiency; and universities should be fully engaged with their surrounding communities to maximize mutual benefits.     

库布齐沙漠110MW光伏基地次生风沙危害的动力学机制

为了解释光伏设施干扰下沙质地表侵蚀堆积的动力机制,在库布齐沙漠110MW光伏电站选取2个断面,利用MetOne 014A/024A型自动风速仪,同步观测了光伏板前后不同位置20、50、100、200cm高度的1min平均风速,分析了光伏板干扰下流场格局变异及其与地表蚀积态势的关系。结果表明:(1)光伏设施强烈干扰流场格局,产生流场分异区:板下集流加速区、板前板后遇阻减速区、板面抬升区和板间恢复区,但光伏基地上风向边缘区域与腹地的流场分布格局存在显著差异;(2)空间流场特征区发育程度所指示的动力分布与地面侵蚀堆积态势基本对应;(3)植被可有效增大地面粗糙度,降低0~50cm近地表过境风速,减缓地表蚀积过程的发生与加剧;(4)光伏板下的集流加速和板前板后的反向涡旋,是塑造地表风蚀沟(坑)及积沙带发育的主要动力。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中部地区马家沟组断裂控制天然气运移方向的流体包裹体证据

为研究鄂尔多斯盆地中部地区马家沟组成藏期次和天然气运移方向与断裂活动的相关性,利用流体包裹体岩相学观察、激光拉曼光谱分析、均一温度和冰点温度的测定以及热力学PVT模拟方法对奥陶系马家沟组马五段储层的岩心样品进行了成分、温度和压力的测定与恢复.结果表明:构造裂缝脉体中充填的矿物为方解石、白云石和菱镁矿;脉体中共有4类流体包裹体,分别为富甲烷气体包裹体、含CO₂富甲烷气体包裹体、含甲烷盐水包裹体和盐水包裹体,这4类流体包裹体均存在于方解石脉体中;构造裂缝脉体和溶孔中含甲烷流体包裹体的均一温度在130.1~179.6 ℃之间,与含甲烷流体包裹体同期的盐水包裹体的均一温度范围为112.3~173.3 ℃.结合生排烃史和埋藏史,证明早白垩世是马家沟组天然气的主要成藏期.沿断裂分布的各井的捕获压力和压力系数呈现由西南向东北递减的趋势,早白垩世的构造运动在北东向的断层中产生大量构造裂缝,为天然气的运移提供了通道,证明含甲烷的流体沿北东向断裂运移并充注成藏.      

广西城市空气污染预报业务系统的建立

应用数值预报与动态统计预报相结合的集成预报技术方法,将城市大气污染数值预报(CAPPS)模式、动态统计模式、Sybase数据库、网页技术等有机地结合起来,建立广西城市空气污染预报系统,形成了流畅的集资料传输交换、预报模式运算、预报制作与发布于一体的气象系统和环保系统预报会商的综合业务工作平台,在广西气象台同时对南宁、桂林和北海的城市空气污染做出预报。将近两年的业务实践应用表明,所建立的空气污染预报系统性能稳定、技术成熟、自动化程度和预报准确率高．     

广州市37℃以上酷热天气形势及相关要素分析

对1951年以来广州市出现的37℃以上的酷热天气的形势特征和广州气象要素进行分析,发现这类天气多发生在地面气压场西北高东南低的形势之下,与副热带高压和热带气旋活动关系密切,二者的共同作用使广州附近多数情况下出现下沉气流。结果还表明,广州地面和低空吹偏北气流更易出现酷热天气,酷热天气还与前期的气温和降水等要素关系密切。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的GDZ-300L型钻机动力头托架优化设计

采用ANSYS Workbench对改进后的GDZ-300L型钻机动力头托架进行有限元分析,论证其结构的安全可靠性;利用软件中的Design-Xplorer VT多目标优化模块对托架进行优化设计,分析各板件厚度对托架的等效应力、质量大小的影响,在保证结构强度的前提下,得出一组最优方案,达到节省结构耗材,降低制造成本的目的。     

Modeling of earth’s gravity fields visualization based on Quad Tree

The problems of the earth’s gravity fields’ visualization are both focus and puzzle currently. Aiming at multiresolution rendering, modeling of the Earth’s gravity fields’ data is discussed in the paper by using LOD algorithm based on Quad Tree. First, this paper employed the method of LOD based on Quad Tree to divide up the regional gravity anomaly data, introduced the combined node evaluation system that was composed of viewpoint related and roughness related systems, and then eliminated the T-cracks that appeared among the gravity anomaly data grids with different resolutions. The test results demonstrated that the gravity anomaly data grids’ rendering effects were living, and the computational power was low. Therefore, the proposed algorithm was a suitable method for modeling the gravity anomaly data and has potential applications in visualization of the earth’s gravity fields.     

测绘人员智能家居系统设计探讨

分析了智能家居的内涵;阐述了智能家居系统的设计目的;指出了智能家居的核心和特点是数字化、网络化、智能化;提出了智能家居系统的实现方法:由智能家居应用集成系统、家庭网关、家庭网络联网技术等组成。     

地质灾害应急调查系统的设计与实现

针对地质灾害应急调查对灾害信息实时、准确、完整的要求,分析嵌入式GIS在地质灾害应急调查中的应用特点和优势,并借助MapGIS-EMS地图引擎开发系统基本框架。系统加入素描图使得更加完整地描述现场,采用编辑距离方法对调查数据质量进行检查,利用无线通讯网络采用动态缓存和分包传输机制保证灾害信息的实时、完整上传,使系统成为提高地质灾害应急调查效率的有力工具。