江淮入梅异常的强信号及其对入梅的影响

江淮入梅具有显著的年际变化特征.利用NCEP/NCAR再分析数据集以及NOAA提供的全球射出长波辐射(OLR)和扩展重建海温(ERSST)等资料,采用相关分析和合成分析等方法研究了江淮入梅异常的前兆强信号,并初步分析了其影响入梅的可能机制.结果表明,ENSO事件是影响江淮入梅早晚较强的前兆信号.前期冬春季出现ENSO暖位相时有利于入梅开始偏晚,ENSO冷位相出现时入梅往往偏早.前期冬季2月和春季Nino 4区的海温异常能较好地预测入梅早晚,具有短期气候预测的指示意义和实用性.ENSO暖位相年,亚澳"大陆桥"、菲律宾、西太平洋暖池以及印度半岛附近对流偏弱,不利于西太平洋副热带高压北跳和印度夏季风爆发,东亚地区大气环流季节转换偏晚,入梅因而偏晚;ENSO冷位相年情况则相反.     

山东增雨飞行安全气象条件预报方法介绍

介绍了影响飞机增雨飞行安全的积冰、颠簸、对流等不利气象条件的指数计算方法,及其对应的积冰、颠簸、对流发生强度等级标准。利用中尺度数值预报系统输出的温度、相对湿度、风场、过冷水含量等模式预报结果,制作了相关指数预报产品,并在飞机增雨天气保障业务中进行了应用。以2005年5月16—17日飞机增雨作业过程为例,简要分析了积冰指数等预报产品在安全飞行气象保障中的应用情况。     

江西省“三农”服务专项建设现状与思考

通过对江西省24个"三农"服务专项建设实施地的"两个体系"建设情况开展实地调查,分析了江西省"三农"服务专项建设在提高气象为农服务现代化、促进气象工作政府化、惠民利民等三方面取得的成效,总结了各地的建设内容、成功经验、工作亮点和特色,梳理了存在的问题,并结合建设现状和有关要求,对今后江西省"三农"服务专项建设提出了六个方面的具体建议。     

Experimental research on physical properties of saline soil subgrade filler in Chaerhan region

In order to improve the engineering stability of saline soil of high chloride content in the Chaerhan salt lake region, six typical characteristics saline soil samples were selected, and tests on their...     

1999/2000年夏季环南极表层海水叶绿素a和初级生产力

中国第 1 6次南极考察期间 ,作者随雪龙船于 1 999年 1 1月 2 2日至 2 0 0 0年 1月 1 8日从澳洲西南部到达东南极普里兹湾 ,后经南印度洋 -南大西洋 -德雷克海峡 -南大西洋 -南印度洋返回普里兹湾。航渡中定时采集表层海水 ,进行水温、盐度、营养盐、浮游生物现存量和光合作用速率的现场观测 ,研究环绕南极海域表层水叶绿素 a和初级生产力的分布特征。结果表明 ,南大洋表层水营养物质、浮游生物现存量和初级生产力分布具明显的区域性特征 ,南极辐合带以南的南极水营养盐浓度高于亚南极水和亚热带水。叶绿素 a浓度与营养物质的分布趋势一致 ,南极水、亚南极水和亚热带水的平均叶绿素 a浓度分别为 1 .77、1 .40和 0 .2 1 μg/dm3。在环绕南极的大洋中 ,南大西洋海域营养物质丰富 ,海水最为肥沃 ,叶绿素 a浓度和初级生产力高于南印度洋和德雷克海峡。在短期往返东南极 -西南极 -东南极的航渡观测中 ,由于南极夏季水温的升高 ,陆缘冰融化 ,冰藻释放 ,长城湾至普里兹湾的西 -东向航渡中观测的初级生产力、浮游植物细胞丰度、叶绿素 a浓度和光合作用同化数分别比普里兹湾至长城湾的东 -西向航渡中高 1 45%、1 1 3%、68%和 1 8%。与 1 0年前的观测结果比较 ,南大西洋仍为高生物量和高生产力海区 ;1 999/2 0 0 0     

REE/trace element characteristics of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the Ordos Basin

1 Introduction The Ordos Basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China. During the last 10 years, a great progress has been achieved in the aspects of tectonic evolution, dynamics process, inner and outer geological processes during Mesozoic-Cen…     

双重介质中核素迁移模型的解析解及其应用

给出了具有单裂隙的双重介质中，裂隙一端有分时注入源情形下的迁移模型的解析解及一些简化条件下的解析解，并利用解析解研究了核素在双重介质中的迁移问题。     

A Laboratory Model for the Flow in Urban Street Canyons Induced by Bottom Heating

Water tank experiments are carried out to investigate the convection flow induced by bottom heating and the effects of the ambient wind on the flow in non-symmetrical urban street canyons based on the PIV (Particle Image Visualization) technique. Fluid experiments show that with calm ambient wind,the flows in the street canyon are completely driven by thermal force, and the convection can reach the upper atmosphere of the street canyon. Horizontal and vertical motions also appear above the roofs of the buildings. These are the conditions which favor the exchange of momentum and air mass between the street canyon and its environment. More than two vortices are induced by the convection, and the complex circulation pattern will vary with time in a wider street canyon. However， in a narrow street canyon， just one vortex appears. With a light ambient wind, the bottom heating and the associated convection result in just one main vortex. As the ambient wind speed increases, the vortex becomes more organized and its center shifts closer to the leeward building.     

沙尘暴数值预报技术取得新进展

（1）中国气象科学研究院自主开发的沙尘暴预报系统CUACE／Dusl与天气预报模式GRAPES实现了在线双向耦合运行。目前中国气象局业务运行的沙尘暴数值预报系统CUACE／Dust中的气象模式是MM5,大气成分中心利用我院自主开发的中尺度气象模式GRAPEs—Meso替换了MM5,建立了GRAPES_CUACE／Dust沙尘暴数值预报系统。同时把模式分辨率提高到0．5～0．5°,     

Tracking embodied carbon flows in the Belt and Road regions

In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter- country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output (MRIO) analysis is used to identify embodied carbon flows between major world regions, including seven regions along the Belt and Road (BR), and the spatial distribution of production- and consumption-based carbon intensities. The results show that current embodied carbon flows are virtually all from BR regions to developed countries, with more than 95% of world net embodied carbon exports coming from BR regions. Consumption in the United States and European Union countries induce about 30% of the carbon emissions in most BR regions, indicating that the former bear a high proportion of consumers’ responsibility for the carbon emitted in the latter. For this reason, measuring environmental responsibilities from consumption rather than a production- based perspective is more equitable, while developing countries should be given a louder voice in the construction through dialogue and cooperation, in part in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, of an inclusive global climate governance system.