鲆鲽鱼类品种遗传改良的研究进展

<正>动植物育种的科学理论在20世纪初期建立起来[1]。到20世纪60年代,随着遗传学和其他自然科学的不断发展,扩大了生物遗传改良的范围,除了传统的选择育种和杂交育种仍是行之有效的方法外,还发展了辐射诱变、化学诱变、单倍体、多倍体、体细胞杂交、细胞核移植、抗性、染色体工程以及基因工程育种等方法[2]。上述育种技术在许多方面得到了广泛应用,尤其在禽畜和农作物品种改良、创造新品种和产业开发应用中成果显著。但是在水产领域取得的遗传育种成就还很有限,系统选育的优良品种很少,绝大多数的养殖对象是野生品种,大约仅1%～2%的水产品得益于品种的遗传改良[1]。     

波浪能电站潜在社会经济效益多层次灰色评价

对海洋波浪能电站的潜在社会经济效益进行评价,旨在为电站选址和可行性分析提供参考。多层次灰色评价方法通过建立评价指标体系,采用专家评分法确定指标的权重和分值,定性与定量相结合得到综合评价值。其结果表明了电站建设对社会经济影响的程度。案例分析验证了综合评价方法具有可行性。     

引进种金头鲷养殖研究

2007年引进179尾金头鲷Sparusaurata放于遮阳水泥池(17.5m3)进行养殖试验,长度约3cm鱼苗,经过366d的养殖,体重平均307.9g(260.0-380.0g);全长平均25.8cm(23.5-28.2cm);体高平均8.8cm(8.2-9.5cm).成活率92.2%,饵料系数2.3.试验结果表明,该品种生长速度较快,抗病力强,适合于广西工厂化养殖.     

基于组合统计降尺度的华西南部地区冬季气温预测技术研究

利用1982—2017年华西南部地区冬季气温和NCEP再分析资料以及CFS模式实时预测资料,通过SVD诊断分析,选取影响华西南部地区冬季气温的同期关键区大气环流和前期海温及OLR因子场,建立预测与观测场相结合的组合统计降尺度预测模型。该统计降尺度预测模型对1982—2017年的回报结果显示：与观测场的空间相关系数较CFS模式原始预测结果有显著提高,多年均值从-0.06提升到0.38,最高可达0.85。同时,此降尺度预测模型可较好地回报出华西南区冬季气温的空间分布型。     

中原城市群公路网络建设与城市化水平相关性研究

分析了中原城市群地区1994～2004年公路交通网络和城市化的发展及现状,寻求区域内公路网络发展和城市化水平相关性,得出二者无论是在时间序列还是在空间系列上都具有显著的线性相关性.证明陈彦光提出的线性相关模型不仅可应用于铁路交通网络分析,而且还能适用于公路交通网络分析.在市场经济条件下,交通网络与城市化是同步发展、相互促进的,且相关性更强.     

Constitutive approach for rate‐sensitive anisotropic structured clays

This paper describes a constitutive approach to model the behavior of rate‐dependent anisotropic structured clay. Rate‐sensitivity is modeled using overstress viscoplasticity. Clay structure is treated as a viscous phenomenon whereby the viscosity of the undisturbed structured clay is initially very high and the viscosity degrades or decreases with plastic straining until the intrinsic or residual viscosity is reached. A microstructure tensor approach is used to make the structured viscosity anisotropic; whereas, the intrinsic viscosity is assumed to be isotropic. The behavior of the constitutive model is compared with the measured response of two clays (Gloucester and St. Vallier clay) from Eastern Canada during triaxial compression tests on specimens trimmed at different orientations to the vertical. The comparisons show that the constitutive framework is able to describe the anisotropic and rate‐sensitive response of both clays. The response of the model is also examined for the more general case of anisotropic consolidated triaxial compression and extension. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大连新港的红粘土及其工程特性的形成

在大连新港油罐区的建设中,发现了一种具有高孔隙性、高含水量、高塑性、中低压缩性的特殊土。作者对这种土及其母岩的矿物学、岩石学、地球化学、物理化学和工程特性进行了系统研究,揭示了该区红粘土及其工程特性的形成机理,该区红粘土乃是蒙脱石化的粗玄岩,在中温带气候区红土花作用的产物。     

The Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian Subduct ion Complex in the Northern Qilian Mountains and Its Dynamics

The front of the Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian volcanic island arc zone in the northern Qilian Mountains is a forearc accretionary terrane, composed of multiple accretionary volcanic island arcs, flysch accretionary wedges,high-pressure metamorphosed detachment zones and remnants of ophiolites. It resulted from the northeastward subduction of the Early Palaeozoic Qilan oceanic crust beneath the Alxa block. High-pressure metamorphism, which occurred during the subduction, progressed through three stages: the initial stage of medium T-high P,the main stage of temperature decrease and pressure increase, and the lag stage of pressure decrease and temperature increase. Finally the paper presents a retrotrench subduction dynamic model indicative of northward subduction of the central Qilian block and southward accretion of the Alxa block during the period of 450-500 Ma.     

FACTORS CONTROLLING DIFFERENTIATION OF SELENIUM ECONVIRONMENT IN THE LOESS PLATEAU

ItisataskofNationaScienceandTechnologyProjectNo.75-62-03-05and06forthe7thFive-YearPlanperiod.InvestigationsinGansuandShanxiwereundertakenbyInstituteofGeography,CAS,whiiethatinShaanxiwascarriedoutbyNortllwestInstitllteofWaterandSoilConservation,CAS.**OthermembersintheGroupofEndemicDiseaseandEnvironment,InstituteofGeograpl1y,CASare:YangLinsheng,ZhaoYuanwei,ZhaoNaiqin,LiDezhu,WangLizhenandTanJianan.I.IntrodIlcti01llthasbeenreported[21thattwoendemics,KeshanandKaschin-Beck,arecl…     

1991—1992年ENSO事件的特征

根据美国国家海洋大气局气候分析中心（ＣＡＣ）和中国气象局气候监测公报所提供的海－气资料，综合分析了１９９１－１９９２年ＥＮＳＯ事件的形成、发展过程。这次ＥＮＳＯ事件的主要特点是：①在ＥＮＳＯ事件爆发前一年内热带太平洋海气特性频频呈现异常，暖水堆积在赤道中太平洋（５°Ｎ－５°Ｓ，１６０°Ｅ－１６０°Ｗ）约１２个月，然后自西向东传输，爆发１９９１－１９９２年ＥＮＳＯ事件。②对ＥＮＳＯ事件作出响应的西太