ER智能材料在结构振动控制中的应用

ＥＲ智能材料是一种可控流体,它能在电场的作用下可从牛顿流体变为剪切屈服应力较高的粘塑性体,且这种转变连续,可逆,迅速,因此,可用它来制作可调阻尼器,实现对工程结构风振和地震反应半主动控制,本文在简要地介绍了ＥＲ智能材料电流变效应的基本原理和影响因素之后,建立了适用于土木工程结构控制用的二种类型的ＥＲ可调阻尼器的工作原理和力学模型,并在介绍了ＥＲ可控阻尼器对工程结构风振和地震反应半主动控制的实施原则     

福建东南沿海第四纪盆地构造沉降

利用福建东南沿海地区城市活断层探测的研究资料,重新确认了福州、泉州和漳州盆地的断层组合与第四纪沉积。研究区内晚更新世“福州海侵”产生的炭质淤泥沉积现代高程的分析对比表明,晚更新世以来该区地壳发生不均匀隆升,而这些盆地相对于研究区内其他地区发生沉降。断层的静态位错理论研究认为,正断层深部活动引发地表的沉降,该区断裂的深部正断层活动是盆地沉降的重要因素。盆地的发展演化可划分为晚更新世以前的断陷阶段,和其间或其后的拗陷沉积阶段。     

大连温带海域潮间带底栖海藻固碳和储碳潜力模拟研究

底栖海藻是海洋生态系统中重要的初级生产力,开展其固碳和储碳机制研究,有利于提高对我国海域海洋固碳和储碳潜力的认识。本文基于海区条件的模拟,开展了大连海域潮间带优势海藻的日固碳量、日呼吸量和日有机碳释放量的测定,结合海区生物量的调查,阐述了3个海藻床潮间带海藻固碳和储碳的季节变化规律。结果显示:在海藻固碳能力方面,绿藻类的固碳能力最强,褐藻类次之,红藻类最低。大连海域潮间带海藻的固碳量、储碳量和有机碳释放量在12月至5月处于较高水平,6月至11月较低,平均每个海藻床潮间带区域年固碳量和年有机碳释放量分别为1.72×105 g/a和2.1×104 g/a。潮间带海藻月固碳量是储碳量的1.7倍。     

Seismic response control of a complex structure using multiple MR dampers： experimental investigation

This paper presents an experimental investigation on semi-active seismic response control of a multistory building with a podium structure using multiple magnetorheological (MR) dampers manipulated by a logic control algorithm. The experiments are performed in three phases on a seismic simulator with a slender 12-story building model representing a multi-story building and a relatively stiff 3-story building model typifying a podium structure. The first phase of the investigation is to assess control performance of using three MR dampers to link the 3-story building to the 12-story building, in which seismic responses of the controlled two buildings are compared with those of the two buildings without any connection and with rigid connection. The second phase is to investigate reliability of the semi-active control system and robustness of the logic control algorithm when 2 out of 3 MR dampers fail and when the electricity supply to MR dampers is completely stopped. The last phase is to examine sensitivity of semi-active control performance of two buildings to change in ground excitation. The experimental results show that multiple MR dampers with the logic control algorithm can achieve a significant reduction in seismic responses of both buildings. The proposed semi-active control system is of high reliability and good robustness.     

新疆地震趋势的模糊灰色预测

从模糊数学和灰色系统理论两个不同角度来分析地震事件，把模糊数学的表达方式用于灰色灾变预测ＧＭ（１，１）中，建立了地震预测的模糊灰色模型。用此模型讨论了南北天山四个区（带）的震级序列，在等维情况下，对比了模糊灰色方法与单纯灰色方法的优劣，讨论了影响预测结果的因素，最后给出了不同目标震级下各区（带）的预测值。     

Seismic dynamic monitoring in CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> flooding based on characterization of frequency-dependent velocity factor

The phase velocity of seismic waves varies with the propagation frequency, and thus frequency-dependent phenomena appear when CO₂ gas is injected into a reservoir. By dynamically considering these phenomena with reservoir conditions it is thus feasible to extract the frequency-dependent velocity factor with the aim of monitoring changes in the reservoir both before and after CO₂ injection. In the paper, we derive a quantitative expression for the frequency-dependent factor based on the Robinson seismic convolution model. In addition, an inversion equation with a frequency-dependent velocity factor is constructed, and a procedure is implemented using the following four processing steps: decomposition of the spectrum by generalized S transform, wavelet extraction of cross-well seismic traces, spectrum equalization processing, and an extraction method for frequency-dependent velocity factor based on the damped least-square algorithm. An attenuation layered model is then established based on changes in the Q value of the viscoelastic medium, and spectra of migration profiles from forward modeling are obtained and analyzed. Frequency-dependent factors are extracted and compared, and the effectiveness of the method is then verified using a synthetic data. The frequency-dependent velocity factor is finally applied to target processing and oil displacement monitoring based on real seismic data obtained before and after CO₂ injection in the G89 well block within Shengli oilfield. Profiles and slices of the frequency-dependent factor determine its ability to indicate differences in CO₂ flooding, and the predicting results are highly consistent with those of practical investigations within the well block.     

大连沙尘天气及预报模型分析

通过对位于东北亚沙尘暴天气下游的大连近7年的沙尘天气统计分析,以及应用天气学方法进行预报模型分析,揭示出大连地区沙尘的主要特征和预报着眼点.大连沙尘天气主要出现在春季,变化趋势同全国基本一致;沙尘天气的源地有4个,有三条影响路径.沙尘影响时,平均相对湿度都较低,以西北风为主.西北路径是影响大连地区产生沙尘天气最多的路径.在北路系统影响下,有三种天气类型;西路系统和西北路系统也分别有三种和四种天气类型.大连的沙尘天气预报着眼点首先要关注其上游的起沙情况,然后结合三路影响系统的预报模型进行分析;三路影响系统有不同的起沙关注区和不同的天气系统位置和移动方向.     

无内标-多外标校正激光剥蚀等离子体质谱法测定磁铁矿微量元素组成

激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)常用于磁铁矿原位微量元素分析,按照校正策略不同,主要分为内标法和无内标法。内标法需要用电子探针(EMPA)预先测定磁铁矿中内标元素Fe的含量,过程较繁琐,且待测元素含量会受到内标元素含量测定的影响。本文采用铁含量较高的玄武质玻璃BCR-2G、BIR-1G、BHVO-2G和GSE-1G作为外标,避免了内标元素含量的测定,建立了无内标-多外标校正LA-ICP-MS测定磁铁矿微量元素组成的分析方法。利用该方法测定了科马提岩玻璃GOR-128g和自然岩浆磁铁矿BC 28的微量元素组成以评估方法的可靠性。结果表明,科马提岩玻璃的测定结果与推荐值及前人内标法的测定值一致,多数元素的相对标准偏差RSD5%;自然岩浆磁铁矿的测定结果与推荐值相比,多数元素的RSD7%,低于前人内标法的RSD(15%)。由此说明无内标-多外标法可以实现富铁硅酸岩或磁铁矿微量元素含量的准确校正,克服了基体效应的影响。因此,无内标-多外标法是一种原位测定磁铁矿微量元素含量的快速、准确方法,具有一定的应用潜力。     

基于磁偶极子的频率域电磁系统几何误差分析

基于磁偶极子模型的频率域电磁法仪器在进行大地探测的过程中,由于收发线圈的安装误差、晃动以及材料的几何形变等因素影响,收发线圈的位置及姿态角发生变化,从而产生几何误差,而几何误差的定量分析对频率域电磁法仪器在制作、野外实验操作以及校正方面均具有很强的指导意义。本文根据误差来源的不同,将几何误差分为一次场误差和二次场误差两类;通过引入一次场张量矩阵和二次场张量矩阵,基于均匀大地模型正演得到9种线圈架构接收线圈接收到的一次场及二次场,并以微分的方式定量地分析了9种线圈架构收发线圈位置及姿态角变化引起几何误差的变化特征。对9种线圈架构的几何误差分析可知:在几何形变引入的一次场误差中,仅有PERyz、PERzy线圈架构不包含位置变化的一次项误差,仅有VCA、VCP及HCP线圈架构不包含姿态角变化的一次项误差;在几何形变引入的二次场误差中,PERzx、PERxz线圈架构最大,而VCA、VCP及HCP线圈架构受高度及收发距变化的影响很大,需要实时测量并进行校正,VCP线圈架构受收发距变化以及姿态角变化的影响最小。     

Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms

~~Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms~~