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81.
Origin of Fe-Ti Oxide Ores in Mafic Intrusions: Evidence from the Panzhihua Intrusion, SW China 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Pang Kwan-Nang; Zhou Mei-Fu; Lindsley Donald; Zhao Donggao; Malpas John 《Journal of Petrology》2008,49(2):295-313
Economic concentrations of Fe–Ti oxides occur as massive,conformable lenses or layers in the lower part of the Panzhihuaintrusion, Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China. Mineralchemistry, textures and QUILF equilibria indicate that oxidesin rocks of the intrusion were subjected to extensive subsolidusre-equilibration and exsolution. The primary oxide, reconstructedfrom compositions of titanomagnetite in the ores and associatedintergrowths, is an aluminous titanomagnetite (Usp40) with 40wt % FeO, 34 wt % Fe2O3, 16·5 wt % TiO2, 5·3 wt% Al2O3, 3·5 wt % MgO and 0·5 wt % MnO. This compositionis similar to the bulk composition of the oxide ore, as inferredfrom whole-rock data. This similarity strongly suggests thatthe ores formed from accumulation of titanomagnetite crystals,not from immiscible oxide melt as proposed in earlier studies.The occurrence of oxide ores in the lower parts of the Panzhihuaintrusion is best explained by settling and sorting of densetitanomagnetite in the ferrogabbroic parental magma. This magmamust have crystallized Fe–Ti oxides relatively early andabundantly, and is likely to have been enriched in Fe and Tibut poor in SiO2. These features are consistent with fractionationof mantle-derived melts under relatively high pressures (10kbar), followed by emplacement of the residual magma at 5 kbar.This study provides definitive field and geochemical evidencethat Fe–Ti oxide ores can form by accumulation in ferrogabbro.We suggest that many other massive Fe–Ti oxide depositsmay have formed in a similar fashion and that high concentrationsof phosphorus or carbon, or periodic fluctuation of fO2 in themagma, are of secondary importance in ore formation. KEY WORDS: ELIP; Fe–Ti oxide ore; layered intrusion; Panzhihua; QUILF 相似文献
82.
The structure of anomalously uplifted areas in transverse ridges of the Vema, S o Paulo, and Romanche fracture zones is considered. It is concluded that their formation and eventual development in the present-day structure of the central Atlantic bottom proceeded during two stages. The first stage that corresponds to a short period at the Tortonian-Messinian transition (10 Ma ago) was marked by transportation of deep-seated rocks into the upper part of the lithosphere along thrust faults with mass motion in the meridional direction along the axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The second stage was characterized by contrasting highamplitude vertical movements from 10 to 3 Ma ago. It is suggested that near-meridional compression in the domains surrounding the Western Tethys in the Tortonian-Messinian resulted in deformation of the upper lithosphere within large transform fracture zones of the central Atlantic. The deformation that occurred 10 Ma ago was a manifestation of the global neotectonic epoch of the Earth. 相似文献
83.
Sorption of Ni2+ on Na-rectorite as a function of contact time, temperature, pH and fulvic acid (FA)/humic acid (HA) was studied under ambient conditions. A pseudo-second-order rate equation was used to simulate the kinetic sorption. The removal of Ni2+ increased with increasing pH. The presence of FA/HA enhanced the sorption of Ni2+ at low pH values, whereas no drastic effect of FA/HA on Ni2+ uptake to rectorite was found at high pH values. The diffuse layer model (DLM) fitted the experimental data of Ni2+ sorption in the absence and presence of FA/HA very well with the aid of FITEQL 3.2. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models were used to simulate the sorption isotherms of Ni2+ at different temperatures. The thermodynamic data (ΔH0, ΔS0, ΔG0) were calculated from the temperature dependent sorption isotherms and the results suggested that the sorption process of Ni2+ on rectorite was spontaneous and endothermic. The sorption and species of Ni2+ on rectorite in the presence and absence of FA/HA was also investigated and characterized by XPS. The spectroscopic analysis indicated no drastic structural changes of Na-rectorite and the sorption of Ni2+ mainly occurred on the surface and at the edge position of Na-rectorite. 相似文献
84.
V. S. Kulikov Ya. V. Bychkova V. V. Kulikova Yu. A. Kostitsyn O. S. Pokrovsky M. V. Vasil’ev 《Petrology》2008,16(6):531-551
The Ruiga differentiated mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the northwestern part of the Vetreny Belt paleorift was described for the first time based on geological, petrological, geochronological, and geochemical data. The massif (20 km2 in exposed area) is a typical example of shallow-facies peridotite-gabbro-komatiite-basalt associations and consists of three zones up to 810 m in total thickness (from bottom to top): melanogab-bronorite, peridotite, and gabbro. In spite of pervasive greenschist metamorphism, the rocks contain locally preserved primary minerals: olivine (Fo 75–86), bronzite, augite of variable composition, labradorite, and Cr-spinels. A mineral Sm-Nd isochron on olivine melanogabbronorite from the Ruiga Massif defines an age of 2.39 ± 0.05 Ga, while komatiitic basalts of the Vetreny Belt Formation were dated at 2.40–2.41 Ga (Puchtel et al., 1997). The rocks of the Ruiga intrusion and lava flows of Mt. Golets have similar major, rare-earth, and trace element composition, which suggests their derivation from a single deep-seated source. Their parent magma was presumably a high-Mg komatiitic basalt. In transitional crustal chambers, its composition was modified by olivine-controlled fractionation and crustal contamination, with the most contaminated first portions of the ejected melt. In terms of geology and geochemistry, the considered magmatic rocks of the Vetreny Belt are comparable with the Raglan Ni-PGE komatiite gabbro-peridotite complex in Canada (Naldrett, 2003). 相似文献
85.
The paper is devoted to the conditions under which opacite rims developed around hornblende grains in andesite of the catastrophic eruption (March 30, 1956) of Bezymyannyi volcano, Kamchatka. The opacite rims were produced by a bimetasomatic reaction between hornblende and melt with the development of the following zoning: hornblende → Px + Pl + Ti-Mag → Px + Pl → Px → melt. Biometasomatic reaction was accompanied by the active removal of CaO from the rim, addition of SiO2, and more complicated behavior of other components. The hornblende also shows reactions of its volumetric decomposition under near-isochemical conditions. The opacite rims developed under isobaric conditions, at a pressure of approximately 6 kbar. The main reason for the instability of the hornblende was the heating of the magma chamber from 890 to 1005°C due to new hot magma portion injection. The time interval between the injection and the start of eruption was estimated from the thickness of the opacite rims and did not exceed 37 days. Hence, the March 30, 1956, eruption was not related to the volcanic activity in November of 1955 but to the injection of a fresh magma portion in February–March of 1956. 相似文献
86.
Li Miao Ruisong Xu Yueliang Ma Jinhong Xu Jie Wang Rui Cai Yu Chen 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2008,96(1):43-52
In the Hetai goldfield, Guangdong Province, China, samples including rocks, soils and leaves of four plants (Pinus massoniana, Rhodomyrms tomenlosa, D. linearis var. dichotoma and Embelia laeta) collected from the gold mineralization zone and the background area were analyzed for Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Hg, As and physiological parameters. The objective of this investigation is to study the geochemical and biogeochemical characteristics of studied plants, aiming at biogeochemical methods in Au exploration. The goldfield region shows geochemical and biogeochemical anomalies. Abundances of Au in rocks, soils, plants and the leaf pigments in the mineralized area are much higher than those in the surrounding region. The plants display unhealthy physiological and ecological characteristics in the Hetai goldfield area. The cell structures of the goldfield plants were anomalous and aberrant, and there were many nano-metal particles diffused in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Macro- and microscopic evidences of the vegetation in the goldfield areas are distinctly different from the background regions. The strongly anomalies in responses to Au are profound in further geochemical and botanic exploration studies. 相似文献
87.
祁连山首次发现冰楔假形及其意义 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
2007年11月, 在祁连山东段南坡大通河上游河谷右岸的取土坑内(37°51′ N, 100°08′ E;海拔3 618 m)首次发现楔形构造, 成群分布在表层草根腐殖土之下约0.5 m深度处. 楔体呈袋状或舌状, 楔口宽度和楔体高度约在2.0~3.0 m, 宽高比值接近1. 楔体周围地层为冲洪积相碎石土堆积, 充填物为土黄色、灰黑色粉质土. 楔体两壁附近的卵、碎石长轴具有平行于楔壁的定向性, 说明这些碎石曾经受到过挤压, 据此初步判断这些楔形构造为冰楔假形. 这些冰楔假形发现对于研究该地区冻土演化和古气候具有参考意义. 相似文献
88.
中国-俄罗斯原油管道工程(漠河-大庆段)冻土工程地质考察与研究进展 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
李国玉 金会军 盛煜 张建明 俞祁浩 齐吉琳 温智 吕兰芝 童长江 郭东信 王绍令 魏智 杨思忠 吉延俊 于少鹏 何瑞霞 常晓丽 郝加前 陈友昌 吴伟 翟镇远 赵意民 《冰川冻土》2008,30(1):170-175
在2005-2007年期间,先后3次对中国-俄罗斯原油管道漠河-大庆段沿线的冻土工程地质条件等进行科学考察,开展了冻土工程地质条件及其在气候变化和人类活动作用下的评价和预测研究.考察研究结果表明:管道沿线多年冻土在各类融区、季节冻土和水系等分隔作用下呈片状或岛状分布,沿线岛状、稀疏岛状及零星岛状占多年冻土区段的40%左右;管道沿线多年冻土随着气候的转暖和人类活动的影响不断退化.地形地貌单元、植被分布、地表水分条件的变化等局部因素对多年冻土的分布和地下冰的赋存产生重要的影响,管道沿线大约分布有50 km左右的沼泽湿地,其表层为腐殖质土及泥炭层,泥炭层下面分布着含土冰层或地下冰,是管道沿线最差的冻土工程地质地段;由于中俄原油管道沿线水系发育多,冻胀丘、冰椎和冰幔等不良冻土现象广泛分布.科学考察的成果为管道沿线冻土工程地质条件评价和预测、管道的稳定性影响分析以及后期的长期检测系统设置等研究奠定坚实的基础,进一步为即将开工的中俄原油管道漠河-大庆段工程的设计、施工提供科学依据. 相似文献
89.
河南洛宁段河金矿流体包裹体研究和矿床成因 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
河南省洛宁县段河石英脉型金矿主要包括石寨沟和岭东两个矿区,分别由3~4条含金石英脉构成。矿化过程从早到晚包括石英-黄铁矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐等3个阶段.其中中阶段金矿化最强,次为早阶段。各阶段石英中流体包裹体以气液两相包裹体为主.次为纯液体包裹体。激光拉曼测试表明,气液两相包裹体的液相为H2O,气相主要为Ho和CO2混合、纯H2O,次为纯CO2;纯液体包裹体为纯H2O。石寨沟矿区包裹体均一温度从早到晚依次为240.9~315.9℃.188.7~304.5℃,137.3~259.3℃:流体盐度变化依次为(6.74~12.85)wt%NaCl.eq,(2.41~8.68)wt%NaCl.eq,(2.24-7.86)wt%NaCl.eq。岭东矿区均一温度从早到晚依次为303.7-343.1℃,251.8-325.4℃,305.7~355.0℃:流体盐度变化依次为(5.11~11.70)wt%NaCl.eq,(2.74-10.11)wt%NaCl.eq,(0.53-6.74)wt%NaCl.eq。两矿区主成矿期流体均为中温、低盐度,早阶段流体为改造热液和变质热液的混合体,含一定量CO2,且流体CO2含量和盐度从早到晚逐渐降低。石寨沟矿区包裹体均一温度逐渐降低,而岭东矿区包裹体均一温度先降后升,加之岭东矿区各阶段成矿温度均高于石寨沟矿区.表明成矿流体系统主要受岩浆热驱动,岭东矿区更靠近岩体,且在晚阶段又有脉动性的岩浆加热.段河金矿区南部存在隐伏岩体。 相似文献
90.