Research on temporal and spatial distribution, evolutionary character and mechanism of crustal deformation field before and after the Tangshan earthquake

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略论福建燕山旋回成矿系列

福建省燕山旋回的成矿系列由(1)与混合岩化作用有关的成矿类型、(2)与重熔花岗岩有关的成矿类型、(3)与同熔花岗岩有关的成矿类型、(4)与超基性、基性岩有关的成矿类型、(5)与火山作用有关的成矿类型和(6)与层控有关的成矿类型等六种成矿类型组成。除第二种类型主要分布在本省西部外,其他均主要分布在东部。岩浆活动受NE、NW、ENE、E—W及N—S向断裂构造控制,而以前二者为主。火山喷发中心常出现在NE向断裂构造与NW或ENE向断裂构造交汇处。燕山旋回的成矿作用与其构造岩浆活动有关。本文最后提出了本成矿系列的     

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海洋上层暖水在热带气旋迅速增强中的作用:基于台风威马逊(1409)的个例研究

在登陆海南岛之前,台风威马逊在南海北部从热带风暴级别迅速增强成为超强台风。观测数据的分析结果显示,海洋上层的异常暖水在威马逊的迅速增强过程中扮演了重要的角色。威马逊期间,南海北部的海表面温度相比于气候态海表面温度暖很多。这部分异常暖水为威马逊提供了更多的能量,从而导致了威马逊的迅速增强。数值模拟结果进一步证明,南海北部的暖水在台风威马逊的迅速增强过程中起重要作用。如果没有这团异常暖水的影响,威马逊只增强25 hPa,仅为有暖水影响条件下增强程度的58.1%。     

Late Quaternary diatom and sea level changes in estuarine plain of the Jiulong River

TheJiulongRiver,composedoftheWestStream,theNorthStreamandtheSouthStream(seeFig.1)isthesecondlargestriverinFujianProvince.ItsestuarineplainintervenesbetweenthetwqcitiesofXiamenandZhangzhou,withsouthern-subtropicoceanicmonsoonclimate-SofartherehasnotbeensystematicresearchontheLateQuaternarysea1evelchangesinthearea,andthispaperisintendedtodosomethingaboutit.DIAToMZoNESANDBIoFACIESOFZK5BoREHOLETheBoreholeZK5islocatedtothenortheastofHaichengTown,withcoordinateof24"24,32*N,ll7'5…     

中国流动人口的城市宜居性感知及其对定居意愿的影响

流动人口是中国城镇化进程的重要参与者,加强其定居意愿特征分析对制定中国新型城镇化发展政策具有重要参考价值。基于中国40个主要城市的宜居城市问卷调查数据,运用描述统计和地理探测器方法,揭示中国流动人口的城市宜居性感知特征及其对定居意愿的影响。研究结果表明：①中国流动人口的城市宜居性感知评价分异明显,呈现出“公共服务设施便利性>自然环境舒适性>社会人文环境舒适性>环境健康性>交通便捷性>城市安全性”的递减特征;②中国流动人口的公共服务设施便利性、社会人文环境舒适性、环境健康性和城市安全性等4个维度城市宜居性感知对其定居意愿具有显著影响,且影响强度依次递减,但二者关系并不完全呈简单的线性特征。③相对他人收入满意度、生活满意度、住房价格感知和地理区位等参照变量,以及年龄、性别和职业等个体与家庭属性也是影响中国流动人口定居意愿的重要因素。     

Impact of lightning on organic matter-rich soils: influence of soil grain size and organic matter content on underground fires

A detailed study was carried out on a piece of land that had been struck by lightning during the violent rainstorm that raged over the Island of S?o Miguel (Azores Archipelago) in late October 2006. Temperature and gas measurements (CO₂, CO, H₂S and CH₄) were performed in four study trenches, dug in an area of ∼3 m², where an underground fire had been initiated by the impact with a lightning stroke, followed by the emission of a column of gases and smoke. The soil under study was originally a well-pedogenized about 80 cm thick bed, made of volcanic clayey to silty tephra fallouts and contained 5.5–9.7% of organic matter. The underground fire was monitored for one week and revealed a peak release of 404 ppm CO and 3.4% CO₂ originating from a horizon located about 45 cm under the soil surface. Measurements of temperature, performed one week after the impact, indicated a maximum value of 326°C inside the soil, while 516.5°C were measured on the surface of a lava block interred about 20 cm under the surface. Subsequently, a stratigraphic and sedimentologic study proved the role of the grain-size of the soil and of the organic matter content of the different horizons of the impact area, in determining the ratio between anoxic/oxidised combustion conditions and in the progress of the process itself. It was also noticed that combustion was not total all over in the soil bed and that the process had slightly migrated toward SW during the observation period. The combustion process went on for about ten days, in spite of several other violent rainstorms, until it was artificially extinguished through the excavations made to obtain study trenches. This particular circumstance evidenced the potential natural hazard represented by this kind of atmospheric event, especially in a land where the volcanic nature of the soil may easily mislead inexperienced observers and, consequently, delay proper action.     

黄果树风景名胜区旅游环境容量研究

选择我国典型的喀斯特风景名胜区— — 黄果树景区为例,通过分析主要制约因子,定量研究了该景区的旅游环境容量。研究表明,黄果树风景区的空间环境容量为21 933人次/日,生态环境容量为51 354人次/日,经济环境容量为98 716人次/日。空间环境容量成为制约景区提高接待规模的主要限制因子,平日一般不会出现超载的问题,周末存在局部超载的情况,而在黄金周等旅游高峰期,接待规模远远超出其旅游环境容量,景区常常出现整体性超载。针对这些问题,作者提出了游客分流、及时发布旅游接待信息以及加强未成熟景区的开发等措施,以缓解黄果树景区的旅游环境容量问题。      

南海环境要素的年际变化与1982—1983年EI Nio

本文在大量调查资料的基础上,分析了1975—1984年南海环境要素的年际变化及其在1982—1983年的表现。研究发现,与正常年份比较,各要素在1982—1983年的表现都比较特殊,沿岸江河径流量猛增;气温、水温、盐度、pH值偏低;海水含氧量偏高,温、盐、密跃层强度增大;南海暖流和黑潮南海分支流轴的平均位置移到调查海区的最南面。作者认为,这一异常现象与1982—1983年赤道太平洋海域发生的强E1 Ni(?)o过程密切相关。