新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带低压麻粒岩相变质作用P-T轨迹及其地质意义

本文首次报道在新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带发现了二辉石麻粒岩和麻粒岩相变质的堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩。二辉石麻粒岩的矿物组合为单斜辉石-斜方辉石-黑云母-角闪石-斜长石-石英。堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩矿物组合为堇青石-矽线石-石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英。岩石学和矿物学特征表明它们是典型的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石,其变质作用经历了两期演化：a．峰期麻粒岩相变质,T=681～705℃,P=5．4～5．8kbar;b．峰后角闪岩相退变阶段,T：571～637℃．P=4．7～5．3kbar。其变质作用P-T轨迹具有逆时针近等压降温(IBC)的特点,代表该地区可能为塔里木板块向伊犁．中天山板块俯冲过程中,在陆壳一侧所产生的陆源岩浆弧区域,由于受到下部岩浆热源的影响,在拉伸环境下出现低压麻粒岩相变质。通过分析低压麻粒岩相岩石与其南部高压一超高压变质带的大地构造位置和年代关系,我们认为该地区的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石可能与其南部的西天山高压一超高压变质带组成了双变质带。     

济阳坳陷CO0_2气藏同位素地球化学特征及成因

济阳坳陷CO2气藏主要发育在高青-平南深断裂中南段和阳信次级凹陷西北缘及商店火山岩穹隆构造内。气藏中CO2气体浓度为69%~97%,δ13CCO2值为-5.67‰~-3.35‰,CH4/3He值为(1.01~5.65)×108,3He/4He值为(2.80~4.49)×10-6,即R/Ra为2.00~3.21,40Ar/36Ar值为317~1791,CO2/3He值为(0.25~2.61)×109。以上地球化学数据表明,济阳坳陷气藏中CO2主要来源于地幔,且幔源CO2在成藏过程中有损失,或者有壳源CO2的加入,特别是部分碳酸盐岩变质成因CO2的加入。在对CO2气来源定性分析的基础上,还需要在各来源的定量区分和CO2气藏的成藏及其与岩浆活动的时空匹配关系等方面作进一步的研究。     

热带海气相互作用波及其不稳定性

本文利用一个简单的海气耦合模式,讨论了热带海洋和大气中Rossby波的相互作用。结果指出,海洋和大气中向西传播的Rossby波耦合后,不仅存在着向西传播的波动,而且还可以产生一类向东传的新波。这种向东传播的波动出现在波长较长的波段范围内,这个范围的大小受海气相互作用强度的制约。另外,波动可以出现不稳定性,向西和向东传的波均有不稳定现象发生,不稳定增长率也受海气相互作用强度的制约。最后,根据所得到的海气相互作用波,对ENSO现象作了一个可能的解释。     

国家级自动气象站蓄电池智能控制检测系统设计

对国家级自动气象站供电系统深入研究,通过对蓄电池充放电进行细微控制,设计报警电路、寿命检测电路和远程监控上位机软件系统,实时监测蓄电池状态,对蓄电池长期处于浮充状态致使其寿命缩减的设计缺陷进行改进。该系统采用Freescale高性能处理器和以AD8210为核心的高边电流检测电路,实时对分流电阻的微电流进行检测,及时阻止危害蓄电池使用寿命的过充和过放,通过声光报警电路和数据通信电路将交流电断电报警、蓄电池电压、使用寿命和充电间隔等信息传送到Labview编写的上位机软件,提醒观测员及时处理,同时配合RTC时钟模块,每3个月自动对蓄电池进行充放电维护,不仅有效延长了蓄电池的使用寿命,还解决了蓄电池充放电维护问题,减少了国家站备份蓄电池每两年更换造成的资源浪费。     

琼东南盆地华光凹陷天然气水合物稳定带厚度的影响因素

为了探讨琼东南盆地华光凹陷海底天然气水合物稳定带的分布规律,定量研究了静水压力、底水温度、地温梯度和气源组分对水合物稳定带的影响程度。在此基础上,分析了华光凹陷现今甲烷水合物稳定带的厚度分布。最后,综合各因素的历史演化过程,初步探讨了华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带的演化。结果表明:(1)气源组分和海底温度的变化对研究区内水合物稳定带的影响较大;水合物稳定带厚度与海底温度呈良好的线性负相关性。(2)水深超过600 m的海域具备形成天然气水合物的温压条件;超过600 m水深的海域水合物稳定带厚度大部分超过 100 m,其中西北部稳定带的最大厚度超过300 m,是有利的水合物勘探区。(3)华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带厚度经历了快速增厚–窄幅变化–快速减薄和恢复的过程。麻坑群与水合物稳定变化敏感区在空间上具有较好的叠合关系。结合前人的研究成果,推测其形成与天然气水合物的分解释放有关。     

区域矿产资源经济研究的发展趋势及值得注意的若干问题

区域矿产资源经济研究的发展趋势是：区域矿产资源经济研究与人口、环境科学汇流,更加注重应用研究,研究目标的多元化,研究地域的扩大化,研究方法的现代化．值得重视的几个问题有：区域矿产资源可持续发展问题;区域矿产资源合理有效利用的客观标准;区域矿产资源的经济和人口承载能力;计算机技术的应用;人工神经网络等现代科学技术的应用;区域矿产资源资产评估的理论与方法;区域矿产资源经济研究模型系统的开发等．     

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of FSHβ Gene Associated with Reproductive Traits in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Follicle stimulating hormone β (FSHβ) of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) plays a key role in the regulation of gonadal development.This study aimed to investigate molecular genetic characteristics of the FSHβ gene and elucidate the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FSHβ on reproductive traits in Japanese flounder.We used polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing of the FSHβ gene in 60 individuals.We identified only an SNP (T/C) in the coding region of exon3 of FSHβ.The SNP (T/C) did not lead to amino acid changes at the position 340 bp of FSHβ gene.Statistical analysis showed that the SNP was significantly associated with testosterone (T) level and gonadosomatic index (GSI) (P0.05).Individuals with genotype TC of the SNP had significantly higher serum T levels and GSI (P0.05) than that of genotype CC.Therefore, FSHβ gene could be a useful molecular marker in selection for prominent reproductive trait in Japanese Flounder.     

Mineral constituents in common chanterelles and soils collected from a high mountain and lowland sites in Poland

This paper reported the results of the determination of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn in Common Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius) Fr. and surface soil layer (0-10 cm) underneath the fruiting bodies. Mushrooms and soils were collected from a lowland site in the Hel Peninsula (Baltic Sea coast) and a high mountain site in the Tatra Mountains. The trace elements were determined using validated method and inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Common Chanterelles that emerged at sites poor in mineral nutrients podzols of the Hel Peninsula forests efficiently bioconcentrated several essential trace elements (K, P, Co, Cu, Mn, Na, Zn), while the abundance of those elements in carpophores was around half less compared to specimens from Zakopane region and which emerged in soils much richer in minerals. Common Chanterelles collected at two spatially distant background areas in Poland were only weakly contaminated with metals such as Ag, Cd, Hg and Pb. The maximum tolerable Cd and Pb contents of certain cultivated mushrooms are regulated in the European Union by law and these hazardous metals in C. cibarius were far below tolerance limits set.     

An improved segmentation approach for planar surfaces from unstructured 3D point clouds

The extraction of object features from massive unstructured point clouds with different local densities, especially in the presence of random noisy points, is not a trivial task even if that feature is a planar surface. Segmentation is the most important step in the feature extraction process. In practice, most segmentation approaches use geometrical information to segment the 3D point cloud. The features generally include the position of each point (X, Y and Z), locally estimated surface normals and residuals of best fitting surfaces; however, these features could be affected by noisy points and in consequence directly affect the segmentation results. Therefore, massive unstructured and noisy point clouds also lead to bad segmentation (over-segmentation, under-segmentation or no segmentation). While the RANSAC (random sample consensus) algorithm is effective in the presence of noise and outliers, it has two significant disadvantages, namely, its efficiency and the fact that the plane detected by RANSAC may not necessarily belong to the same object surface; that is, spurious surfaces may appear, especially in the case of parallel-gradual planar surfaces such as stairs. The innovative idea proposed in this paper is a modification for the RANSAC algorithm called Seq-NV-RANSAC. This algorithm checks the normal vector (NV) between the existing point clouds and the hypothesised RANSAC plane, which is created by three random points, under an intuitive threshold value. After extracting the first plane, this process is repeated sequentially (Seq) and automatically, until no planar surfaces can be extracted from the remaining points under the existing threshold value. This prevents the extraction of spurious surfaces, brings an improvement in quality to the computed attributes and increases the degree of automation of surface extraction. Thus the best fit is achieved for the real existing surfaces.     

台湾集集大地震及其余震的长周期地震动特性

用丰富的高质量数字强震记录对台湾集集大地震及余震的长周期地震动特性进行了研究. 本文主要研究了长周期地震动的强度随震级、距离及场地条件的变化情况;同时对近断层的长周期地震动特性进行了分析. 结果表明,集集大地震及余震的长周期地震动反应谱的形状主要受场地条件和震级控制（D+E类场地的反应谱要比B+C类的宽,震级大的反应谱要比震级小的宽）,而受距离影响并不显著;近断层长周期地震动明显受断层活动特性影响:上盘的长周期地震动比下盘的强,北部的比南部的强.