地面移动测量技术的发展与现状

地面移动测量技术是当前倍受关注的测量前沿技术。本文论述了地面移动测量技术的基本原理和特点，回顾了该技术的发展历史，总结了国内外研究现状，展望了今后的发展趋势与应用前景，并对研究、发展和应用这一技术提出了建议。     

苏通大桥钢箱梁制造几何控制三维高精度基准网测设

本文详细介绍了对苏通大桥主桥钢箱梁制造几何控制三维高精度基准网的测设，通过实际工程的实施对高精度三维基准网的方案设计和精度控制进行了有效的探索。     

基于GPRS的嵌入式工程测量数据通信系统研究

本系统基于GPRS技术和嵌入式实时操作系统研发的一套工程测量数据无线传输平台。本文简要介绍GPRS技术和嵌入式实时操作系统，详细介绍了系统的组成，软硬件的设计方案及在工程测量中应用情况。     

An Aggregate Constraint Method for Inequality-constrained Least Squares Problems

The inequality-constrained least squares (ICLS) problem can be solved by the simplex algorithm of quadratic programming. The ICLS problem may also be reformulated as a Bayesian problem and solved by using the Bayesian principle. This paper proposes using the aggregate constraint method of non-linear programming to solve the ICLS problem by converting many inequality constraints into one equality constraint, which is a basic augmented Lagrangean algorithm for deriving the solution to equality-constrained non-linear programming problems. Since the new approach finds the active constraints, we can derive the approximate algorithm-dependent statistical properties of the solution. As a result, some conclusions about the superiority of the estimator can be approximately made. Two simulated examples are given to show how to compute the approximate statistical properties and to show that the reasonable inequality constraints can improve the results of geodetic network with an ill-conditioned normal matrix.     

A Task-Based Approach to User Interface Design for a Web-Based Hydrologic Information Systems

Hydroinformatics is a new and rapidly developing field that integrates knowledge and understanding of water resources with the latest developments in information technology to improve decision‐making in many critical applications. It encompasses methods for data capture, storage, processing, analysis and visualization, and the use of advanced modeling, simulation, optimization and knowledge‐based tools and systems infrastructure. Three types of hydrological data are most commonly used: flow rate in major rivers and streams, height of water in wells, and precipitation. To get a complete view of the state of water at a given point in space and time, one must analyze many different types of hydrological data together to derive information using an online GIS tool. To help use these disparate data sources more effectively and efficiently, we have built an online interface called the IJEDI WebCenter for Hydroinformatics using a task‐based approach. In this design, we first identify the tasks that users perform to study water‐related issues, then organize data for each task, and build task‐specific tools to present and analyze data and information. In a study involving both novices and experts in hydrology, we found that the both groups performed water‐related studies more effectively and efficiently than they would have without the WebCenter.     

机载LiDAR技术

机载LiDAR集成了GPS、IMU、激光扫描仪新一代航空遥感系统,能利用飞行获取的原始数据直接生成DEM和正射影像图,而无需任何或仅需少量的地面控制点。与传统的摄影测量技术相比,机载LiDAR可以节省大量的人力、时间和经费。在过去十年,机载LiDAR作为精确、快速的地球表面三维测量方法已得到广泛的认同,本文详细介绍了机载LiDAR的基本原理、技术结构及数据处理流程。     

Design of high precision horizontal control network for large-scale hydropower project

IntroductionThe design of high precision horizontal controlnetwork for large-scale hydropower project toconstruct control network and measure deforma-tion of monitoring network.It can be also divid-ed into horizontal control network and verticalcontrol ne…     

Observation on height changes of chinese tide gauges by GPS

IntroductionBecause of global temperature rising and glacierthawing,the sea level has risen about 10-25 cmin the past century[1]. The sea level change isone of the main ai ms in global change monito-ring. Presently the basic tool used in sea levelmonitori…     

Study on the urban heat island effects and its relationship with surface biophysical characteristics using MODIS imageries

This study assesses surface urban heat island (UHI) and its associated surface physical characteristics using remote sensing approaches. TERRA/MODIS images acquired in 2005 in three different seasons were selected to generate land surface tem-perature and surface characteristics for the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area in China. The intensity of urban heat is-land effects and its seasonal variations were examined. The result showed that UHI effects were significant both in the summer and the spri...