国土资源科技基础信息分析系统的设计与实现

本文从需求分析、系统整体设计、系统实现与应用三个方面介绍了国土资源科技基础信息分析系统。系统旨在实现科技统计数据采集、传输、审核、汇总、管理与分析的全流程信息化,创新科技信息服务,为国土资源科技管理与决策提供服务和支撑。     

钻孔走向偏斜的初步探讨

在急倾斜构造部位大力使用硬合金回转钻进时,常常会产生弯曲度很大的走向偏斜情况。这是因为不同岩层的阻力差异使钻头受到一种平行于岩层走向的偏斜力,迫使钻头向侧方研磨井壁;在不同井径变换部位所产生的偏斜效果是不同的。这样造成钻孔沿地层走向发生有规律的定向偏斜。     

Using Array Methods to Identify and Process Weak Signals Generated by the Brightlight(Ⅰ) 50t Explosion

Waveforms generated by the 50t explosion of project Brightlight(Ⅰ) were recorded by HILR array.Using array techniques,the author performed identification,f-k analysis,velocity spectrum analysis,etc.of the weak signals.The analysis results show that the signal-to-noise ratio after beamforming was obviously enhanced,and the signal could be clearly shown.The energy from this explosion was mainly concentrated in the 1 ～ 8Hz range from f-k analysis.The velocity spectrum gave clear positions of event phases,which could not be seen in the original weak signals.The maximum energy distribution obtained by the Beaman method is close to the theoretical value in the azimuth-slowness domain.     

藏南拉康温泉地质特征及雄曲河谷两岸地热分布不均成因分析

西藏山南地区洛扎县雄曲河拉康段在600 m距离内出露温泉4处,仅1处位于河谷右岸;平硐勘查显示两岸岩性、产状、构造一致,地热异常却仅在左岸平硐内部显著,右岸平硐地热异常不明显.本次研究以此异常为出发点,通过片麻状花岗岩不同切面导热实验、片麻状花岗岩与板岩相同切面导热实验,温泉水δ2H,δ18O同位素测试分析等方法,探究...     

Inverse Analysis of Deep Excavation Using Differential Evolution Algorithm

This paper presents the applications of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm in back analysis of soil parameters for deep excavation problems. A computer code, named Python‐based DE, is developed and incorporated into the commercial finite element software ABAQUS, with a parallel computing technique to run an FE analysis for all trail vectors of one generation in DE in multiple cores of a cluster, which dramatically reduces the computational time. A synthetic case and a well‐instrumented real case, that is, the Taipei National Enterprise Center (TNEC) project, are used to demonstrate the capability of the proposed back‐analysis procedure. Results show that multiple soil parameters are well identified by back analysis using a DE optimization algorithm for highly nonlinear problems. For the synthetic excavation case, the back‐analyzed parameters are basically identical to the input parameters that are used to generate synthetic response of wall deflection. For the TNEC case with a total of nine parameters to be back analyzed, the relative errors of wall deflection for the last three stages are 2.2, 1.1, and 1.0%, respectively. Robustness of the back‐estimated parameters is further illustrated by a forward prediction. The wall deflection in the subsequent stages can be satisfactorily predicted using the back‐analyzed soil parameters at early stages. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微型堆仪器中子活化分析测定水系沉积物中多个元素

本实验以微型核反应堆为中子源用仪器中子活化分析对水系沉积物中的30个元素常规测定进行了研究。样品在长照射后从第四天开始直到第八天进行每天一次的跟踪测试。研究了有关元素的最佳冷却时间,从而得到了最佳探测限。以GSD-11和GSD-8为标准监控样品,对实验结果的精密度和近似检测限进行了计算。长照测试元素La、Sc、As、Sb、Na、W、Gd和Sm的相对标准偏差小于5％,Th、U、Yb、Ta、Rb、K、Fe小于10％,Ho、Ce、Ga、Lu、Br小于15％,Eu、Cs小于20％。短照测试元素为Mg、Al、Mn、     

风沙流中沙粒浓度分布的实验研究

利用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）,在风洞内对与天然沙接近的石英沙风沙流沙颗粒浓度沿高度分布进行了研究。对 3种不同轴线风速研究结果表明,风沙流中沙粒浓度沿水平方向基本不变,而随高度呈指数衰减,而且其衰减速率与风速密切相关。风速越大,衰减速率越慢;风速越小,衰减速率越快。风沙运动一旦发生时,靠近沙床表面的沙粒浓度随风速变化很小,可以认为趋于稳定,达到最大值。     

西藏错那洞电气石花岗岩中电气石化学组成、硼同位素特征及意义

为了对西藏错那洞电气石花岗岩源区进一步约束,利用显微镜、电子探针和激光剥蚀多接收等离子质谱仪,对错那洞电气石花岗岩中电气石的形态、成分及硼同位素组成进行了研究.结果表明,错那洞电气石花岗岩中的电气石为碱族黑/铁电气石,直接结晶自富硼熔体,与熔体之间未发生明显的硼同位素分馏.电气石δ11B值主要在-6.91‰^-9.17‰之间,与大陆地壳平均δ11B值(-10‰±3‰)相近,表明错那洞电气石花岗岩主要源自变质沉积岩的部分熔融.然而,与起源于变质沉积岩的花岗岩相比,样品的δ11B值明显偏高,而与前人报道的雅拉香波淡色花岗岩(源自石榴石角闪岩部分熔融)的δ11B值相似.因此,错那洞电气石花岗岩源区中,除了变质沉积岩外,可能还混入了少量石榴石角闪岩.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000752

A series of environmentalegeological problems have been caused by over-exploitation of deep groundwater (i.e., confined aquifer water) in the North China Plain. In order to better understand the status of deep groundwater over-exploitation and the resultant environmentalegeological problems on a regional scale, the over-exploitation of groundwater has been assessed by way of the groundwater exploitation potential coefficient (i.e., the ratio of exploitable amount of deep groundwater to current exploitation), cumulative land subsidence, and long-term average lowering rate of the groundwater table. There is a good correlation among the results calculated by the different methods. On a regional scale, deep groundwater has been over-exploited and there is no further exploitation potential under the current conditions. The groundwater exploitation degree index takes the exploitation in 2003 as the reference for the calculations, so the results mainly reflect the degree of current groundwater exploitation. The results of over-exploitation of deep groundwater obtained by land subsidence data and long-term average rate of depression of the water table mainly reflect environmentalegeological problems caused by exploitation of deep groundwater.     

滇西北地区富碱岩体(脉)地质学及岩石化学特征

喜山期富碱岩体广布于滇西北地区 ,通过对其地质学和岩石化学特征的研究 ,认为富碱岩体 (脉 )由正长 (斑 )岩、二长斑岩、花岗斑岩及相关的火山岩组成 ,具有多次活动的特征 ,并形成区内富有特色的岩浆岩系列 ;该系列岩浆岩以富碱高钾为突出特点 ,具有正常的岩浆演化趋势 ,不同岩带岩石地质学和岩石化学方面有区域性变化规律。