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东昆仑祁漫塔格地区花岗岩类时空变化的构造控制——来自钾钠含量变化的证据 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
系统收集东昆仑祁漫塔格地区花岗岩类岩石化学数据,统一采用Collins,et al.(1982)提出的K2ONa2O分类图解法,获得各个地史时期花岗岩的成因类型。结果表明,晋宁期以S型为主,优势方位不明显。加里东期优势方位为北东向,以A型为主,北西向处于次要地位,以I型为主。海西印支期,优势方位为北西向,岩石类型在海西早、中期以I型为主,海西晚期至印支期以A型为主。此时北东向处于次要地位,岩石类型以A型为主。燕山期,整个祁漫塔格地区昆中断裂以北均为A型,以南形成新的构造岩浆岩带,岩石类型主要为I型。并且,燕山期昆中断裂以北早期以北西向为主,晚期以北东向为主。上述情况说明,至少自加里东期以来,该区花岗岩的空间展布、发育规模、成因类型等诸方面都始终受到北东向和北西向两组构造带的活动强度、力学性质交替变化的控制,并且由老到新总体上存在着由北向南逐渐迁移的变化趋势。因此,祁漫塔格岩浆岩带并非同一构造机制下形成的岩浆弧,而是由北东向和北西向两组构造岩浆活动带交替作用控制的、成因类型不同的花岗岩类共同组成的复合构造岩浆岩带。 相似文献
144.
嘉黎断裂是一条横贯青藏高原东南部的大型走滑断裂,在印度和欧亚板块碰撞前后通过调整应力平衡发挥着重要作用.本文根据前人对嘉黎断裂的研究成果,从地质学和地球物理学的角度,系统地总结分析嘉黎断裂带构造背景、壳幔结构、晚第四纪和现今的活动性质和速率.基于地质学方法,搜集前人在测年方面的研究结果,限定断裂的活动年限以及活动速率.同时在东段的北侧分支嘎龙寺附近,采用光释光测年法增加两个测年点,完善活动速度资料,并对断裂自西向东不同部位的走滑速率和错动断距进行对比分析.基于地球物理学观测资料,分析地震活动性和壳幔物质的速度结构、各向异性等参数,利用波形拟合方法,新增18个3~5级地震的震源机制解.结果表明,嘉黎断裂现今的构造变形主要表现为右旋走滑运动,但是在不同的分段具有显著的差异性,新生的西兴拉—达木分支是地震最活跃的区域.在此基础上,探讨青藏高原的构造演化过程,分析东构造结地区构造运动的稳定性,为川藏铁路雅安—林芝段工程建设地质灾害风险评估提供必要参考资料. 相似文献
145.
We present a fully non-linear, anelastic convection and dynamo model in a rotating spherical shell that is based on a finite element method. It is shown that both the hydrodynamic steadily drifting convection and convection-driven steadily drifting dynamo are in satisfactory agreement with the anelastic convection and dynamo benchmark based on the pseudo-spectral method (Jones, C.A., Boronski, P., Brun, A.S., Glatzmaier, G.A., Gastine, T., Miesch, M.S., Wicht, J. [2011]. Icarus, 216, 120–135). 相似文献
146.
Inflow to a tunnel is a great public concern and is closely related to groundwater hydrology, geotechnical engineering, and mining engineering, among other disciplines. Rapid computation of inflow to a tunnel provides a timely means for quickly assessing the inflow discharge, thus is critical for safe operation of tunnels. Dewatering of tunnels is another engineering practice that should be planned. In this study, an analytical solution of the inflow to a tunnel in a fractured unconfined aquifer is obtained. The solution takes into account either the spherical or slab-shaped matrix block and the unsteady state interporosity flow. The instantaneous drainage water table and anisotropic hydraulic conductivities of the fractures network are also considered. Both uniform flux and uniform head boundary condition are considered to simulate the constant head boundary condition in the tunnel. The effects of the hydraulic parameters of the fractured aquifer on the inflow variation of the tunnel are explored. The application of the presented solution to obtain the optimum location and discharge of the well to minimize the inflow to a tunnel is illustrated. 相似文献
147.
Water Resources - Lake Water storage can be estimated based on Lake Boundary and lakebed terrain. The boundary of a lake can be extracted from the remote sensing satellite image or the Unmanned... 相似文献
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LI Hongzhong HE Junguo LIANG Jin YANG Fei ZHAI Mingguo ZHANG Lianchang Voudouris PANAGIOTIS 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(6):1738-1754
Precambrian banded iron formation(BIF) is one of the most important mineral resources in China, mostly abundant in the North China Craton(NCC) with relatively less common in South China. Since the BIF and siliceous rocks both originated from chemical deposition, the syngenetic BIF and Siliceous rocks can help evaluate their environment of formation. We examine here the mineralogy and geochemistry of siliceous rocks associated with the Tieshanmiao Formation BIF, aiming to decipher the conditions of formation of both BIF and Siliceous rocks in the Wuyang area in the NCC. Analysis of the geochemical characteristics of whole rock shows that the Si O2 content of the siliceous rock ranges from 90.11% to 94.85% and is relatively high overall. Trace element contents of Ba and U are also high, the Ba/Sr ratio ranges from 3.89 to 25.28 and the U/Th ratio ranges from 0.09 to 0.20. Finally, the ΣREE value of rare earth elements ranges from 57.03 ppm to 152.59 ppm, and these indexes all indicate that siliceous rock resulted from hydrothermal deposition. Plots of Al2 O3-Si O2, Si O2/(K2 O+Na2 O)-Mn O2/Ti O2 and Mn-10×(Cu+Co+Ni)-Fe in discrimination diagrams also verify this interpretation. However, both the Mg O content, ranging from 0.16 to 0.32, and the Fe/Ti ratio, ranging from 2.50 to 9.72, suggest that terrigenous material was added during the depositional process. Major and trace element parameters of siliceous rock, such as the Al/(A1+Fe+Mn) ratio(from 0.81 to 0.93), Mn O/Ti O2(from 0.00 to 0.17), Al/(Al+Fe)(from 0.82 to 0.93), Sc/Th ratio(from 0.21 to 0.50), U/Th(from 0.09 to 0.20),(La/Yb)N(from 0.83 to 3.04), and the(La/Ce)N(from 0.01 to 0.02) all imply that the siliceous rock formed in a continental margin. In addition, the Sr/Ba ratio from 0.08 to 0.26, the δCe value from 0.31 to 0.90, and the δEu value from 0.14 to 0.58, all indicate that the siliceous rock was formed at a relatively deeper water depth and under weak hydrodynamic conditions. Siliceous rock and BIF formed in the same geological setting, with the Si O2/(K2 O+Na2 O) ratio of siliceous rock ranging from 28.61 to 47.43, the Si O2/Al2 O3 ratio from 16.53 to 32.37, and the Si O2/Mg O ratio from 287.28 to 592.81, which are all in agreement with chemical deposition associated with volcanic eruptions. The Al2 O3/Ti O2 ratio from 37.82 to 50.30 indicates that the magma source of siliceous rock was of slightly intermediate composition. During the Late Archean in the Wuyang area, the high concentration and high purity Si O2 quickly precipitated from hydrothermal fluids to finally result in the accumulation of siliceous rock in a marginal sea, while the input corresponding to iron formation components was deposited to form iron formation layers, and limestone was only the product formed during the deposition intervals of siliceous rock and iron formations. In this study, the synsedimentary siliceous rocks of BIF act as a new way to provide direct evidence to understand the formation environment of BIF due to its high geochemical stability. 相似文献
150.
Wang Shejiao Hu Junwen Yan Jiahong Li Feng Chen Ningsheng Tang Qi Guo Bincheng Zhan Lufeng 《Mathematical Geosciences》2019,51(3):271-293
Mathematical Geosciences - In order to speed up the development and utilization of hydrothermal energy, it is essential to assess the potential of geothermal resources in petroliferous basins. In... 相似文献