Molecular Cloning and Expression ofPoIR2, a Novel Gene Involved in Immune Response in Japanese Flounder （Paralichthys olivaceus）

A novel immune-related gene was expressed in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) injected with Vibrio anguillarum. The complete cDNA contained a 169 bp 5’UTR, a 336 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 111 amino acids and a 556bp 3’UTR. Six exons and five introns were identified in the PoIR2 gene. Blastp similarity comparison showed its encoding protein had 50% similarity to Danio rerio neuromedin S (NMS), but further alignment indicated they did not have NMS C-terminal conservational signature domain. So it was not defined as an NMS homologue. Protein structure analysis indicated it had a 26aa signal peptide and was a secretory pathway protein. RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression of PoIR2 was quickly induced and drastically increased in liver, kidney, spleen, gills, intestine, heart, and skeletal muscle after infected with V. anguillarum. These results indicated that the PoIR2 might play some important role in Japanese flounder immune response system. This gene was named PoIR2 (P.olivaceus immune-related gene 2, GenBank accession number: EU224372). The mature PoIR2 peptide was expressed in BL21(DE3) pLysS using pET-32a(+) vector and a great part of the recombinant mature peptide existed as soluble type.     

Vertical distribution of soil nematode communities under different tillage systems in lower reaches of Liaohe River

Vertical distribution of soil nematode communities under conventional tillage (CT),no-tillage (NT) and fallow field (FF) treatments in the Lower Reaches of the Liaohe River was investigated at six soil depths (0-5 cm,5-15 cm,15-30 cm,30-50 cm,50-75 cm and 75-100 cm). The results show that total nematode abundance gradually decreases with depth,and the highest number of total nematodes is observed at 0-5 cm depth under NT and FF treatments. The number of fungivores and plant parasites is significantly higher...     

Features and origin time of Mesozoic strike-slip structures in the Yilan-Yitong Fault Zone

The NE-striking Yilan-Yitong Fault Zone(YYFZ) with a length of ca. 900 km is an important major fault zone in northeastern China. Its origin has been a controversial issue for a long time. Detailed field investigation and comprehensive analyses show that strike-slip faults or ductile shear belts exist as the origination structures on the both shoulders of the Cretaceous-Paleogene grabens. These strike-slip structures are dominated by brittle transcurrent faults, and appear as ductile shear belts only in the Weiyuanpu-Yehe and Shulan parts in the south and middle of the fault zone, respectively. The shear belts strike NE-SW and show steep mylonitic foliation and gentle mineral elongation lineation. Outcrop structures, microstructures and quartz c-axis fabrics demonstrate a sinistral shear sense with minor reverse component for the ductile shear belts. The microstructures suggest deformation temperatures of 400–450°C for the Weiyuanpu-Yehe shear belts and 350–400°C for the Shulan shear belt. A series of zircon U-Pb dating results for deformed and undeformed plutons or dikes in the shear belts constrain the strike-slip motion to the time between 160 and 126 Ma. It is further inferred from ages of main geological events in this region that the fault zone originated in the earliest Early Cretaceous. It is suggested therefore that the southern and middle parts of the Tan-Lu Fault Zone, which originated in Middle Triassic, propagated into northeastern China along the sinistral YYFZ under the earliest Early Cretaceous regional compression that is referred to as the Yanshan B event. The earliest Early Cretaceous initiation of the YYFZ results from both the high-speed oblique subduction of the Izanagi Plate and the final closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, but the Izanagi Plate subduction played a major dynamic role in the fault zone origin.     

An improved energy‐based approach for selecting pulse‐like ground motions

This study proposes an improved energy‐based approach for quantitative classification of velocity‐pulse‐like ground motions. The pulse amplitude is determined, in its value and in time location, by the amplitude of the half‐cycle pulse having the largest seismic energy. After conducting statistical analyses, a newly‐determined threshold level for selecting pulse‐like ground motions is derived; and then what followed is a comparison analysis of three pulse‐detecting schemes, one using the wavelet analysis, the other two using the energy concept. It is believed that other than providing a useful way of classifying pulse‐like ground motions for structural demand analysis, knowledge of this work could also benefit the development of the ground motion prediction equations accounting for pulse effects, and further to aid the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis in a near‐fault environment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Prediction of high-speed train induced ground vibration based on train-track-ground system model

The development of analysis on train-induced ground vibration is briefly summarized. A train-track-ground integrated dynamic model is introduced in the paper to predict the ground vibration induced by high-speed trains. Representative dynamic responses of the train-track-ground system predicted by the model are presented. Some major results measured from two field tests on the ground vibration induced by two high-speed trains are reported. Numerical prediction with the proposed train-track-ground model is validated by the high-speed train running experiments. Research results show that the wheel/rail dynamic interaction caused by track irregularities has a significant influence on the ground acceleration and little influence on the ground displacement. The main frequencies of the ground vibration induced by high-speed trains are usually below 80 Hz. Compared with the ballasted track, the ballastless track structure can produce much larger train-induced ground vibration at frequencies above 40 Hz. The vertical ground vibration is much larger than the lateral and longitudinal components.     

天津北部4.00 Ma BP以来古植被与古气候

依据CQJ1孔275块孢粉样品分析结果,结合岩性特征和测年资料,建立了天津北部4.00 Ma BP以 来古植被与古气候变化序列。大约在3.60-4.00Ma BP, 天津北部植被以荒漠草原为主, 气候冷干;3.44- 3.60Ma BP植被为疏林草原, 气候温和湿润;3.18-3.44Ma BP植被为荒漠草原, 气候冷干;2.58-3.18Ma BP植被以针阔叶混交林草原为主,气候温暖湿润;1.90-2.58Ma BP植被以疏林草原为主,气候温凉偏干; 1.74-1.90Ma BP植被为荒漠草原,气候冷干;1.30-1.74Ma BP植被以针阔叶混交林为主,气候温暖潮湿; 0.78-1.30Ma BP植被为以针叶树种为主的针阔叶混交林草原,气候温和湿润;0.15-0.78Ma BP植被以针阔叶 混交林为主,气候温暖潮湿;0.15Ma BP以来,孢粉丰度呈现有规律的变化,3个高丰度层段分别相当于MIS（海洋氧同位素） １、３、５阶段,与河北平原东部具有可比性。     

人均历史累积排放权概念的操作性定义及分配方案研究

全球长期减排目标问题引发了各国对今后稀缺的大气温室气体容量资源如何进行公平分配的博弈,其中发展中国家提出了均等的人均历史累积排放权分配理念。该理念由于人口动态变化的因素存在4种可能的操作性定义,运用数学表达式推算出4种潜在的排放权分配方案。对4种方案的简单模拟和结果进行比较进一步揭示了各方案的优劣和特点。     

Period changes and photometric solution of AP Leonis

The results of BV photometry of AP Leonis are presented. Photometric analysis is carried out by using the Wilson-Devinney program. The solution shows that the system is an over-contact binary with an over-contact degree of 23.5% and its mass ratio q equal to 0.301. A starspot group is found in the low latitude region on the secondary component. The average temperature of the spot is about 1220 K lower than that of surrounding photosphere.

The light minimum times observed over ninety years are collected. The O-C curve of minima reveals that the period of AP Leo changes with the time in a pseudo-sinusoidal pattern and there is probably a third body in the system.     

几种亚洲季风指数与中国夏季主要雨型的关联

首先采用EOF方法分析了中国夏季降水的主要特征 ,其第一 (EOF1 )和第二 (EOF2 )特征向量及其时间序列 (EOF1 - T、EOF2 T)基本上反映了中国夏季 1 (或 3)类和 2类主要雨型的空间和时间分布 ;进一步建立了EOF1、EOF2及其对应的时间序列EOF1 - T、EOF2- T与季风指数的关联 ,以及中国夏季主要雨型与季风指数直接的关联。结果表明 :各季风指数都对中国夏季的 1类雨型有较好的反映能力 ,都对 2类雨型无反映能力 ,仅学者施能定义的指数对 3类雨型有一定的反映能力。     

广东三水盆地古近系心组生油层的元素地球化学特征

沉积物的元素地球化学特征是对沉积盆地水体环境以及古气候条件变化的响应。本文根据元素（Al、Fe、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、V、Ni、Co、Cr、Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cd、Li、Mn、Pb、Ti）的含量及其比值（Al/Ti、Fe/Mn、Sr/Ba、Mg/Ca、Sr/Ca、Na/Ca、V/Cr、Ni/Co、Ni/V）的变化，对三水盆地古近系心组红岗段生油层的沉积条件进行了系统分析。心组红岗段下部（亚段A）表现为较稳定的地球化学特征。各元素丰度及其比值指示这一时期陆源输入持续较高、且物源组成变化不大。由于海水入侵的影响，湖盆水体盐度相对较高，底部水体以弱氧化条件为主，O₂-H₂S界面位于水/沉积物界面附近。红岗段中上部（亚段B、C）的元素地球化学特征变化较为频繁且幅度很大，反映古气候和湖盆沉积条件的迅速变迁。在潮湿气候条件下，沉积物的地球化学特征表现为以Al、Ti为代表的外源元素含量及其比值较高，而Mg、Ca等盆内化学沉积元素含量较低。古氧气指标指示底部水体为还原环境，有利于有机质保存。因而，相应于较高的有机碳含量。在间歇性干旱时期，陆源输入减少，外源元素含量及其比值显著降低。随着蒸发作用的加强，水体盐度加大，内源元素丰度以及Mg/Ca、Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca和Na/Ca比值大幅度上升。底部水体为氧化环境，O₂-H₂S界面多位于水/沉积物界面或沉积物中。上述两种气候条件在红岗段中上部沉积时期交替出现。红岗段沉积后期由于淡水的长期输入，湖水出现逐渐淡化趋势。