云南富宁金坝金矿矿床成因探讨

金坝金矿体赋存于中生代拗陷区的上古生界隆起—金坝短轴背斜核部、北东向多期活动断裂破碎带中,含矿地层为上二叠统凝灰岩,氧化带自然金,为沉积叠加改造卡林型金矿床。     

桂东北海洋山岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和地球化学研究

桂东北海洋山岩体为岩性单一的二长花岗岩岩基。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年显示海洋山岩体主结晶年龄为431±7 Ma(MSWD=3.14),与赣湘桂内陆加里东期花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩形成时代相似,为同一期成岩事件的产物。元素地球化学研究表明,绝大多数样品具有富硅(～68%),富钾(K2O/Na2O>1.5),弱过铝质(A/CNK均值1.05)和低Al2O3/TiO2值(<100)、高CaO/Na2O值(>0.3)的特征。与临区浅变质基底一致的εNd(t)值(-8.0～-8.6)和T2DM值(1.82～1.87 Ga),指示其理想源区为成熟度较低的古老变质杂砂岩。进一步的宏观地质特征和华南加里东造山带构造演化序列分析表明,海洋山岩体属于陆壳改造型花岗岩,其形成的构造环境很可能为汇聚造山向非造山转化的后造山伸张环境。     

藏南江孜地区早白垩世甲不拉组钙质超微化石的特征及其地层意义

藏南江孜一带的侏罗纪—白垩纪海相地层被划分为维美组和甲不拉组。通过偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察和分析,发现甲不拉组黑色页岩中含有保存较为完好的钙质超微化石。研究区的生物丰度和分异度偏低,经鉴定以椭圆球石科(Ellip-sagelosphaeraceae)生物群为主,数量相对丰富,但属种比较单调。超微化石指示甲不拉组为早白垩世沉积的产物。结合菊石和双壳类化石,认为甲不拉组地层时代属于早白垩世贝利阿斯期至凡兰吟期(Berriasian-Valanginian)。这一发现标志着西藏特提斯东部早白垩世地层中钙质超微化石的存在。甲不拉组早白垩世钙质超微化石的发现,为该地区海相地层的时代划分、对比提供了新的资料,也为寻找海相侏罗纪—白垩纪地层界线指示了目标。     

老挝布劳铁矿地质特征及成因探讨

矿区处于火山岛弧环境。印支中晚期酸性岩浆侵入,沿接触带及断裂交代安山岩形成矽卡岩铁矿。物探异常值高,规模大,多层矿迭加,有较大找矿前景。     

大兴安岭南段西坡金属矿床特征及成矿规律

提要：通过对大兴安岭南段西坡典型矿床地质特征、矿床成因等研究,总结了区内金属矿床的成矿规律。结果表明,大兴安岭南段西坡不同产状的岩矿石中金属硫化物样品硫同位素δ34S值大部分在+1‰～+8‰,硫主要来源于岩浆硫,有少部分沉积硫参与。硫化物样品206Pb/204Pb、 207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb比值变化范围分别为17.949～18.529,15.370～15.691和37.653～38.460,铅同位素主要为幔源。成矿元素以铁、银、铅、锌、金、铜、钼等为主,矿床类型主要有矽卡岩型和中低温热液型两类,均明显受地层、构造和岩浆岩作用控制。一般来说,金属矿床的容矿围岩为奥陶系、泥盆系和石炭系火山-沉积岩,且以泥盆纪地层为主,在碳酸盐岩地段花岗岩类交代围岩形成矽卡岩型矿床,在泥质板岩、砂岩等地段则形成中低温热液矿床。NE向和NW向的张性断裂为重要的导矿通道或容矿构造。矿床在时空分布和成因上与海西期至燕山期花岗岩类侵入岩体有关。     

甘肃靖远宝积山地区上三叠统南营儿群底部凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地层学意义

前人研究认为,晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地西缘向西延伸,越过六盘山盆地与河西走廊连通,其相关地层可以相互对比,但上述研究成果一直缺乏高精度、高可置信度的同位素地层年龄数据的支持.本文对靖远县宝积山地区南营儿群底部较厚的一层凝灰岩进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究,获得两组加权平均年龄,分别为439.3±4.1Ma和244.1±3.8Ma.前者是继承锆石结晶年龄,而后者是该层凝灰岩的沉积年龄.通过与鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段底部的凝灰岩沉积年龄对比,发现它们的沉积年龄在误差范围内相当一致.也就是说,可以用靖远宝积山南营儿群底部的凝灰岩及其延长组7段底部的凝灰岩,作为区域地层对比的标志层,这一研究成果为上述相关地层进行精确的地层划分与对比提供了可靠的依据.     

20 cm蒸发皿蒸发量的数学物理模型研究

本文以能量守恒原理和边界层梯度输送理论为基础,应用Monin-Obukhov相似函数计算蒸发皿水面感、潜热通量,参数化蒸发皿侧壁热传输能量,建立了一个单层的20 cm蒸发皿蒸发模型.之后利用"古浪非均匀近地层观测试验"中连续14天观测的每小时20 cm蒸发皿数据对所建模型进行检验.研究分析结果表明:模型能够很好地反映蒸发皿水面与地表之间所形成的非均匀性,合理地概括蒸发皿与周围环境之间的相互作用和蒸发皿蒸发的物理过程.另外,模型成功模拟了蒸发皿蒸发的日变化过程,模拟的日蒸发量均方根误差(RMSE)和平均相对误差(MRER)分别为0.44 mm·d^-1和3.7%,日蒸发量观测值与模拟值的相关系数为0.998.     

冠状动脉前瞻性心电门控窄窗采集技术在320排螺旋CT中的应用

目的：探讨使用320排螺旋CT前瞻性心电门控窄窗采集技术,在降低辐射剂量方面的应用。方法：研究组50例采用前瞻性心电门控技术,对照组50例患者采用回顾性心电门控技术,分别测量两组间图像质量以及辐射剂量。结果：两组数据比较,患者的基本情况如年龄、心率、体重和体重指数以及图像质量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,有效放射剂量两组间的差异有统计学意义（P=0．0001）,前瞻性心电门控组辐射剂量（8．80±2．78）mSv显著低于回顾心电门控组（25．82±8．84）mSv。结论：前瞻性心电门控窄窗采集技术在确保图像质量的同时可以降低辐射剂量。     

Long-term changes in the fishery ecosystem structure of Laizhou Bay,China

Laizhou Bay provides a critical spawning and nursery habitat for many fishery species,including commercially important species,such as Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Larimichthys polyactis.The bay is severely stressed due to high fishing pressure and environmental changes.Based on the long-term ecosystem surveys in Laizhou Bay during the main spawning period(May) of most fishery species from 1959 to 2008,the responses of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem were analyzed here,including regime shifts in species composition,biomass,species diversity,zooplankton,phytoplankton,and environmental variables.The dominant species of large-size and high economic value(e.g.Trichiurus haumela,L.polyactis) have been replaced by the short-lived,low-trophic-level planktivorous pelagic species(e.g.Setipinna taty,Engraulis japonicus) since the 1980s,and it is probable that the small-sized pelagic fishes have been recently replaced by invertebrates(e.g.Oratosquilla oratoria,Crangon affinis).The biomass of fishery resources declined continuously from 423.6 kg haul?1 h?1 in 1959 to 164.6 kg haul?1 h?1 in 1982,37.7 kg haul?1 h?1 in 1993,and less than 8 kg haul?1 h?1 in 1998-2008.Moreover,the biomass of zooplankton showed an increasing trend during 1959-2006,but showed a slight decline in 2008.The abundance of phytoplankton increased from 1959 through 1982,decreased substantially in 1993,and increased again until 2004.More recently,however,the phytoplankton abundance was very low.The sea surface temperature(SST) and sea bottom temperature(SBT) in May increased by 0.23°C a?1 and 0.16°C a?1,respectively,during 1982-2008.The salinity in May showed large fluctuations and reached its lowest values in 2004 and 2006.The ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) to dissolved inorganic phosphate(DIP) increased.However,the dissolved silicon(DSi):DIP and DSi:DIN ratios decreased to a low level during 1959-2008.These changes seriously impacted primary production,and cascade effects then changed the structure and function of the fishery ecosystem.Further analysis indicated that multiple stresses caused the alterations in the structure of the Laizhou Bay fishery ecosystem.The top-down effect was identified as the main influence on the fishery species(at the top of the food chain) over the past five decades due to the increasing fishing pressure,whereas the bottom-up effect increased over the past three decades due to the strong variations in the environment.