面向P2P环境的分布式矢量地理数据组织模式研究

P2P技术有助于解决集中式架构与生俱来的"单点故障"和"热点瓶颈"之类的性能问题。目前,P2P的栅格地理数据服务虽已得到广泛应用,但是,将P2P技术和矢量地理数据服务有效结合仍然面临诸多问题,尤其需要对P2P网络模型和相应的分布式矢量地理数据组织模式深入分析。面向矢量数据服务的Chord+Quad的P2P混合索引网络模型,兼顾了结构化P2P网络和层次化P2P网络的优点,既能发挥Chord网负载均衡的优点,又能发挥层次化P2P网络查询效率高的特性,并能够适应高动态的网络环境。基于Linking机制的分布式矢量地理数据组织模式的设计,通过各层次的Linking信息和分割衍生对象内的拓扑连接信息,形成一种松散的全局分布式拓扑,这种分布式拓扑支持对矢量地理数据,进行分布式索引和无损快速重建,以及各种矢量拓扑分析算法在分布式环境下的扩展。与JTS的实验对比表明,通过在分割时增加少量Linking信息,矢量数据重建时间显著缩短,重建结果无损可靠,在分块数较多时,其对JTS的优势更为明显,从而表明,Linking机制的分布式矢量地理数据组织模式理论及相关算法的有效性、高效性和稳健性,为其实际应用提供了有力支持。     

规划导向的CA约束方法与城市用地格局变化预测——以广州市白云区为例

城市发展是一个复杂系统的演化过程,掌握其发展规律并用于预测城市形态变化在城市理论和城市规划管理中有重要意义.一般约束性元胞自动机(CA)无法模拟存在时空分异的约束条件,文中提出一种时、空可变的规划导向约束条件表达方法,将城市发展战略调整、建设周期等外部条件变化用时间变量和空间变量表达,模拟出动态变化的CA外部环境,逼近城市受动态规划条件影响下的演化过程.以广州市白云区为例,对“十二五”规划中城市发展战略继承和调整并存的现象进行了情景模拟;构造了地铁线路、重点发展区两个规划方案在2010-2015年间建设过     

The Net Flow of Carbon Emissions Embodied in Trade of China

Based on the most current GTAP8 database, we analyzed flow, structure and change in tradeembodied carbon emissions between China and the developed world and the developing world from 2004 to 2007 using input-output model. We found that China was always a net embodied emissions exporting country over this period. Based on the LMDI decomposition method, we found that factors influencing net embodied emissions exported from China to developed countries and developing countries differ. Trade surpluses and differences in emissions factors were vital in determining net embodied emissions exported from China to the developed world. Differences in export structures and emissions factors were key factors influencing net emissions between China and developing countries. These were closely related to respective divisions amongst developed countries, China and other developing countries in the global industrial chain. From 2004 to 2007, the export structure of China was transformed to high-end manufacturing with domestic producing technology gradually approaching the level of developed countries. With further technological improvement, industrial upgrades and export structure optimization in China, the net export of embodied carbon emissions will decrease and the driving forces of trade for China's domestic carbon emissions will decline.     

贵州石头寨二叠系生物礁型古油藏包裹体特征

贵州紫云石头寨二叠系生物礁型古油藏是滇黔桂地区上古生界生物礁型古油藏的典型代表。古油藏发育3期溶孔,裂缝充填方解石,其中含丰富的油气包裹体,与3期油气包裹体共生的气液水包裹体的均一温度分别为77～84℃,91～103℃和103～155℃。古油藏的油气充注始于印支中期,在印支晚期至燕山早期达到高峰,燕山中晚期遭受破坏,形成现今的残余古油藏。     

香格里拉红牛铜多金属矿成矿模式及深部找矿

红牛矿属印支晚期义敦岛弧带南段、中甸弧主弧期远程熔体(岩浆)—溶液改造型矽卡岩矿床,赋存于上三叠统曲嘎寺组第二段地层中。除典型矽卡岩铜矿床特征外,出现成矿温度较高的辉钼矿,推测矿区深部应发育含矿性较好的中酸性侵入体,具有寻找大—超大型矽卡岩—斑岩复合型铜钼多金属矿床的找矿前景。     

Two interannual variability modes of the Northwestern Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone in boreal summer

Using the reanalysis data and 20th century simulation of coupled model FGOALS_gl developed by LASG/IAP, we identified two distinct interannual modes of Northwestern Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone (NWPAC) by performing Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on 850 hPa wind field over the northwestern Pacific in summer. Based on the associated anomalous equatorial zonal wind, these two modes are termed as "Equatorial Easterly related Mode" (EEM) and "Equatorial Westerly related Mode" (EWM), respectively. The formation mechanisms of these two modes are similar, whereas the maintenance mechanisms, dominant periods, and the relationships with ENSO are different. The EEM is associated with El Ni o decaying phase, with the anomalous anticyclone established in the preceding winter and persisted into summer through local positive air-sea feedback. By enhancing equatorial upwelling of subsurface cold water, EEM favors the transition of ENSO from El Ni o to La Ni a. The EWM is accompanied by the El Ni o events with long persistence, with the anomalous anticyclone formed in spring and strengthened in summer due to the warm Sea Surface Temperature anomalies (SSTA) forcing from the equatorial central-eastern Pacific. The model well reproduces the spatial patterns of these two modes, but fails to simulate the percentage variance accounted for by the two modes. In the NCEP reanalysis (model result), EEM (EWM) appears as the firstmode, which accounts for 35.6% (68.2%) of the total variance.     

河流弧菌(Vibrio fluvialis)对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)粘液的趋化和粘附作用

采用生长曲线法测定了河流弧菌在牙鲆表皮、鳃和肠粘液中的生长情况,结果表明,河流弧菌在3种粘液中都能生长,生长前期符合Logistic模型,然后进入Gompertz模型,在鳃粘液中的生长量高于肠粘液和表皮粘液。采用毛细管法研究了河流弧菌对牙鲆3种粘液的趋化作用,结果表明,河流弧菌对牙鲆3种粘液具有较强的趋化应答,在粘液总蛋白含量相同的情况下,河流弧菌对牙鲆鳃粘液的趋化应答显著强于对表皮粘液的趋化应答（P〈0．05）,而对肠粘液的趋化应答极显著低于对鳃粘液和表皮粘液的趋化应答（P〈0．01）。采用^3H—TdR示踪法进行了河流弧菌对牙鲆3种粘液的粘附作用研究,结果表明,河流弧菌对牙鲆表皮粘液和鳃粘液的粘附率较高,而对肠粘液的粘附率较低,特别是孵育30、60和90min时河流弧菌对牙鲆表皮粘液和鳃粘液的粘附率显著高于对肠粘液的粘附率（P〈0．05）。这些结果表明,河流弧菌能够在牙鲆粘液,尤其是鳃粘液中生长和定植,有利于其进一步感染、致病。     

Organic/ Inorganic Occurrence of Metallic Elements of the Black Shale-Hosted Baiguoyuan Silver-Vanadium Deposit in Xingshan, Hubei

By means of kerogen purification, the proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), the authors have studied the organic/inorganic occurrence modes of the metallic elements of the Baiguoyuan silver-vanadium deposit hosted in black shale in Hubei Province, China. The result shows that Au, Hg and Ta have a strong tendency to occur organically, with more than 70% of these elements being associated organically. Se, Ga, Ag and Hf are partly associated with organic matter, with more than 20% of them occurring organically. Compared with the above elements, Zn, Cu, As and Sb are weakly associated organically, and tend to be enriched in kerogen. However, Mn, Th, U, V, Co, Cr, Al, Fe and Sc usually occur inorganically. Of the rare earth elements (REE), La, Ce, Tb, Dy, Yb and Lu have stronger ability to be associated with organic matter than Sm and Eu.     

土霉素在牙鲆体内的药代动力学研究

采用高效液相色谱法为定性、定量手段,研究土霉素在牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)体内的药代动力学过程,采用DAS(Drug and Statistics)药代动力学程序对数据进行分析.结果表明,牙鲆单剂量口服土霉素后(200 mg/kg),血药经时过程符合二室模型,主要动力学参数如下:吸收半衰期(T(1/2)a)为10.043 h,单剂量给药后牙鲆体内出现最高质量分数的时间(Tmax)为4.000 h,单剂量给药后牙鲆体内最高血药质量分数(Cmax)为0.54 mg/L,药时曲线下总面积(CAU0-72)为17.15 (mg*h)/L,吸收速率常数(Ka)为0.223,消除速率常数(k)为0.476 h-1.牙鲆肌肉中土霉素的经时过程符合一级吸收一室模型,主要动力学参数:T(1/2)a为74.893 h,Tmax为4.000 h,Cmax为3.58 mg/L,CAU0-72为148.56 (mg*h)/L,Ka为0.731,k为2.991 h-1.牙鲆肝脏中土霉素的经时过程符合一级吸收一室模型,主要动力学参数:T(1/2)a为31.376 h,Tmax为4.000 h,Cmax为13.78 mg/L,CAU0-72为494.14 (mg*h)/L,Ka为0.876,k为4.940 h-1.     

VSP正反演综述

垂直地震剖面法是一种发展很迅速的地球物理方法,由于垂直地震剖面法是在介质内部点上直接观测,因而能够避开或减弱剖面上部低速带的干扰及外界噪声干扰,可以更直接、更有效地研究波的运动学和动力学特征,解决其地质问题,因此在地球物理勘探领域中最为活跃.本文从垂直地震剖面正反演的角度,并结合国内外实际的例子来介绍垂直地震剖面,同时讨论了垂直地震剖面未来发展的方向.