山东省优势大地构造相划分初步方案

大地构造相是反映陆块区、造山系和叠加造山-裂谷相系形成演变过程中的一套岩石构造组合,是表达大陆岩石圈板块经历离散、聚合、碰撞、造山等动力学和地质构造作用过程而形成的综合产物。根据优势大地构造相的划分原则与沉积岩、火山岩、侵入岩和变质岩建造构造等特征,山东大地构造相可划分为3个相系（Ⅰ级）、4个大相（Ⅱ级）、17个相（Ⅲ级）和51个亚相（Ⅳ级）。     

西藏中冈底斯带措勤地区则弄群熔结凝灰岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄

对措勤地区则弄群熔结凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,所测的2件熔结凝灰岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为112.7Ma±1.0Ma和108.6Ma±1.6Ma。根据已有的年代学数据、地球化学资料和最新的1:25万区域地质调查成果,认为中冈底斯北部的则弄群火山岩很可能与班公湖-怒江特提斯洋向南的俯冲作用有关。     

Analysis on the 10-yr Simulation of the Meiyu Precipitation and Its Associated Circulation with the GAMIL Model

The major features of Meiyu precipitation and associated circulation systems simulated by the grid-point atmospheric model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) with Zhang-McFarlane and Tiedtke cumulus parameterization schemes are examined in this paper. The results show that the model with both schemes can reproduce the heavy precipitation center over the Yangtze-Huai River Basin (YHRB) during the Meiyu period. The horizontal and vertical structures of the circulation systems during the Meiyu period are also well simulated,such as the intensive meridional gradients of moisture and μse (pseudo-equivalent temperature), the strong low-level southwesterly flow in the lower troposphere over East China, the location of the westerly jet stream in the upper troposphere, the strong ascending motion in heavy precipitation zone, and compensation downward motion on the northern and southern sides of the heavy precipitation belt. However, obvious discrepancies occur in the simulated temperature field in the mid-lower troposphere,especially with the Zhang-McFarlane scheme. In addition, the simulated Meiyu period (onset and duration) is found to be associated with the temperature difference in the lower atmosphere over the land and ocean, and with the cumulus parameterization schemes. The land-sea thermal contrast (LSTC) simulated by the Zhang-McFarlane scheme increases faster than that in the reanalysis from April to July, and changes from negative to positive at the end of May. Consequently, the simulated Meiyu onset begins in May, one month earlier than the observation. On the other hand, since the LSTC simulated by the Tiedtke scheme is in agreement with the reanalysis during June and July, the simulated Meiyu period is similar to the observation. The different LSTCs simulated by the GAMIL model with the two cumulus parameterization schemes may affect the Meiyu period simulations. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the cumulus parameterization scheme in order to improve the Meiyu precipitation simulation by the GAMIL model.     

川西坳陷须三段致密砂岩优质储层特征及控制因素

[研究目的]致密砂岩优质储层发育特征及控制因素已成为川西坳陷开展源储一体的常规与非常规油气协同勘探的重难点问题;探讨致密砂岩储层特征与致密气成藏的关系.[研究方法]运用地球化学、地球物理和沉积学等分析方法,对晚三叠世须三段致密储层发育特征进行研究.[研究结果]分析测试数据揭示须家河组须三段储层的孔隙度分布在1.11％～...     

Research on model testing of a new ultrasonic multi-wave detecting method

The traditional crack exploring method with echo （reflected wave） in metals is called the ＂single-wave detecting method＂ that uses a probe of single weight. This method is not able to detect directly the size and shape of the crack and the result can only be obtained by relative comparison, that is to compare the echo amplitudes of the unknown quantity （crack） with the known quantity （regular artificial crack） to determine the equivalent size and shape of a certain crack.     

雷达差分干涉测量及其在地表沉降中的应用与展望

阐述了雷达差分干涉测量(D-InSAR)的基本原理,概括了国内外目前应用比较广泛的D-InSAR模型,针对长时间序列的城市地表沉降监测,应用较多的是基于相干点目标选择,相关的技术包括PSI、SBAS、CRT、CTA。通过多景数据的套合达到消除大气误差相位的目的。进一步总结了相关D-InSAR技术在地表沉降方面的应用进展。相关研究表明,D-InSAR技术能够应用于城市地表沉降监测,并且能够达到较高精度,逐步形成了完善的理论体系和技术处理流程。而且随着技术的发展,监测的时间尺度也在不断扩大、进一步拓展D-InSAR的试验区域。多种数据的结合和补充、方法的有效结合以及与传统的GPS、水准仪测量方法的结合是今后进一步关注的焦点和研究重点。     

Evolution of the Archean crust in Finland

An Archean age for Finnish rocks in the range 2500–3000 Ma has been determined north of the NW-striking Ladoga—Raahe shear belt. The Archean may be divided into two main units: the granitoid association and the greenstone-belt association. The complex is characterized by stockwork tectonics. The granitoid association forms the basement infrastructure and the greenston-belt association forms the suprastructure which is present in synforms between granitoid diapirs. The infrastructure has been subjected to ultrametamorphism, and the second and third generation palingenetic magmas so formed have intruded the suprastructure. The granitoid association contains widespread migmatized relicts of the greenstone-belt association, indicating that the latter originally covered much larger areas, but the granitoids are also thought to be partly transformed primitive ensialic crust on which rocks of the greenstone-belt association were deposited. The Archean rocks have been deformed in at least four subsequent phases, of which part developed in Proterozoic time. The youngest deformation is the overthrust of the granulite belt of Lapland towards SSW. NWSE striking transcurrent faults played a major role in Proterozoic time and affected cratonized Archean crust. On the whole the greenstone belts in eastern and northern Finland form a NNW-trending zone 750 km long. On a geochemical basis the volcanic rocks of the greenstone belts can be divided into two groups: tholeiites with a low potassium content and extremely low aluminium content and a calc-alkalic group with some alkalic affinities.     

Molodensky边值问题中解析延拓法g1项的小波算法

运用小波分析理论研究了Molodensky边值问题的计算方法，论证了该类问题的计算对于精化重力场模型的意义，即可以放弃考虑地球密度的各种重力改正。针对解析延拓法，证明g1项奇异积分在Chauchy主值意义下的存在性。计算结果表明，该算法具有快速、准确的特征，特别适用大范围计算g1项的值，这为精化重力场提供了现实可能性。     

青藏高原边界层高度特征对大气环流动力学效应的数值试验

利用NCAR的全球气候模式 (CCM3) 及第二次青藏高原边界层观测试验的研究结果, 对青藏高原上大气边界层高度的作用进行了研究, 分析了夏季青藏高原地区与长江流域上空的环流状况。研究表明:青藏高原的边界层高度特征对高原东南部地区以及长江流域出现强烈的垂直上升运动及其低层辐合、高层辐散存在着显著的动力效应, 深厚的高原边界层特征将使长江流域夏季区域性的云量及降水明显增加, 河套地区与黄河流域的夏季云量及降水有所减少。     

Remapping Fictional Worlds: A Comparative Reconstruction of Fictional Maps

ABSTRACT

This article presents a quantitative analysis of fictional maps and their relation to historic maps from different periods. Fictional maps are maps of imaginary territories. This type of map is now common in fiction, but they arose relatively late, in the second half of the nineteenth century, and are considered an independent branch of cartography today. They stand out through the way they are published because they are component parts of books and not independent cartographic works, and therefore their creators are not cartographers but rather the authors of these books. Fictional maps are mostly subordinate to the story, but they serve to give a sense of historical authenticity and draw the reader into the story. Without networks of coordinates and with labels such as ‘the end of the world’, they are spatially indeterminate, but they establish a connection between the fictional landscape and its identity. This study deals with 89 fictional maps from recent children’s and young adult literature. First we present a historical overview of these works and fictional maps, and then a cartographic analysis of fictional maps. We examined seventy-seven books with fictional maps and evaluated the maps according to five groups of standard cartographic elements: natural elements, built elements, toponyms, mathematical elements, and explanatory elements. We discuss the differences between cartographic representation of fictional maps and historic maps, and build a cartographic model based on the frequency of cartographic elements to put fictional maps into historic and geographical contexts.