湘中长安组碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

我国南方扬子板块是国际上新元古代冰期地层最具代表性的地区之一,冰期地层出露广泛,为国内外学者所关注.对扬子地块东南缘湘中大乘山地区长安组二段底部的凝灰质板岩中所获得的碎屑锆石的U-Pb LA-ICP-MS同位素年代分析研究结果显示,长安组碎屑锆石年龄主要为831 ～ 720 Ma,少数为新元古早期1005 ～ 842Ma,含有少量古元古—中元古的2500 ～ 1933 Ma的锆石.长安组较年轻的两组锆石加权年龄为769 Ma(2σ,n=9,MSWD=11.3)和828 Ma(2σ,n=16,MSWD=7.9),最小年龄720.2±12 Ma(206Pb/238U表面年龄).长安组碎屑锆石的U-Pb年代学表明,该地层最早形成时代＜770 Ma,那么长安冰期的启动年龄应不大于770 Ma.组成碎屑锆石年龄谱中最大碎屑锆石群体的年龄组构750～830Ma为华南在新元古代时期的生长和再造时代,可能与Rodinia超大陆的裂解有关.古元古代2500 ～ 1933 Ma年龄信息在长安组碎屑锆石的出现,则暗示了湘中大乘山地区或扬子东南缘的一次地壳再造事件.     

多跨简支规则直线梁桥横桥向地震反应合理简化计算模型研究

以多跨简支的直线梁桥为研究对象,在对比分析主要抗震国家现行桥梁抗震设计规范关于结构横向地震反应计算所采用的简化方法的基础上,通过变化跨径比、墩高、桥墩刚度比等主要结构设计参数,对刚性梁模型与柔性梁模型在模拟结构横桥向地震反应方面的合理性进行比较,提出了适用于多跨简支规则直线梁桥横向地震反应计算的合理简化模型,并对简化计算方法进行改进。     

SMOS reveals the signature of Indian Ocean Dipole events

The tropical Indian Ocean experiences an interannual mode of climatic variability, known as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). The signature of this variability in ocean salinity is hypothesized based on modeling and assimilation studies, on account of scanty observations. Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite has been designed to take up the challenge of sea surface salinity remote sensing. We show that SMOS data can be used to infer the pattern of salinity variability linked with the IOD events. The core of maximum variability is located in the central tropical basin, south of the equator. This region is anomalously salty during the 2010 negative IOD event, and anomalously fresh during the 2011 positive IOD event. The peak-to-peak anomaly exceeds one salinity unit, between late 2010 and late 2011. In conjunction with other observational datasets, SMOS data allow us to draw the salt budget of the area. It turns out that the horizontal advection is the main driver of salinity anomalies. This finding is confirmed by the analysis of the outputs of a numerical model. This study shows that the advent of SMOS makes it feasible the quantitative assessment of the mechanisms of ocean surface salinity variability in the tropical basins, at interannual timescales.     

DISECA – A Matlab code for dispersive waveform calculations

The propagation velocity of certain elastic waves (so-called surface waves) in vertically inhomogeneous materials is dispersive. The dispersion determination is however frequently ambiguous. To verify the signal analysis reliability and to estimate the dispersive character of the waves an algorithm for dispersive waveform calculation was designed. It is based on the summation of frequency components, with shifts corresponding to the velocity dispersion and distance. The knowledge of physical parameters of the medium is not required. The resulting waveform only contains an individual dispersive wave of the selected mode, thus being particularly suitable for testing of methodologies for dispersive wave analysis.     

Processes controlling very low sedimentation rates on the continental slope of the Gonone-Orosei canyon system,NE Sardinia—terrestrial and oceanic significance

The narrow shelf and upper slope immediately above the Gonone canyon head off NE Sardinia represent areas of very low sedimentation rates. Along the sides of the canyon head (1,600 m water depth), the sediment deposits are homogeneous but show alternating light-grey intervals rich in carbonate and dark-grey ones rich in organic matter, possibly related to distal turbidite processes. Deposits older than 50,000 years are already encountered at core depths of 2.50 m, the sedimentation rates varying from 6–21 cm/10³ years in the lower parts of two cores and from 1.5–3 cm/10³ years in the upper parts. At about 35,000 years BP, both cores show a simultaneous drop in sedimentation rate by a factor of 3, probably in response to local mechanisms of channel avulsion. Lithological, mineralogical and geochemical properties reveal the environmental factors which are responsible for the extremely slow sediment accumulation. The southernmost sector of the coast, and partly also of the shelf, consists of Jurassic limestones which supply only small amounts of fine-grained material transported in suspension. During the last sea-level highstand, the accumulation of the Cedrino River pro-delta remained restricted to the coast, the low siliciclastic sediment yields resulting in poor shelf sediment trapping. The present morphology of the canyon head prevented the occurrence of gravity processes in the deeper part of the canyon system, including the coring sites. Accordingly, deposition was mainly fed by hemipelagic material of planktonic origin, together with only moderate terrigenous inputs. On a wider late Pleistocene timescale, seismic data indicate the occurrence of a coarse-grained, layered turbidite facies, implying a very different architecture of the canyon drainage system probably prior to 60,000 years BP.     

Study on daily surface evapotranspiration with SEBS in Tibet Autonomous Region简

The estimation of surface evapotranspiration （ET） with satellite dataset is one of the main subjects in the understanding of climate change, disaster monitoring and the circulation of water vapor and energy in Tibet Autonomous Region （TAR）. This research selects satellite images on January 11, April 6, July 31 and October 19 in 2010 as the representative of winter, spring, summer and autumn respectively, estimates the distribution of daily surface ET based on the surface energy balance system （SEBS） along with potential evapotranspiration （PET） and ET derived from Penman-Monteith （P-M） method. The results are obtained as follows. （1） The seasonal distribution of ET and PET basically decreases from the southeast part to the northwest part of TAR. Although ET and PET have similar spatial distributions, there are still some differences to estimate the extreme values especially the maximum value in the middle and southeastern parts of TAR. No matter what kind of methods we adopted, the maximum value of ET and PET always appears in summer, followed by autumn or spring while that in winter is the smallest. （2） In order to better understand the accuracy of SEBS model in the estimation of ET, we compared the ET from SEBS and the ET obtained from P-M method. Results show that the ET from SEBS could estimates the variation trend of actual ET, but it slightly underestimates or overestimates the value of ET as a whole, especially for those areas with thick forest. （3） The spatial distribution of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） exhibits a decreasing trend from the southeast part to the northwest part of TAR which displays remarkable consistency of distributions between ET and vegetation index. ET is well positively related to NDVI, minimum, mean, maximum air temperature and sunshine duration in different seasons while negatively related to precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed in summer.     

西藏那曲南部早白垩世闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄

北冈底斯带东部那曲地区存在中三叠世、中—晚侏罗世和晚白垩世岩浆活动,却鲜有早白垩世岩浆活动的报道。对北冈底斯带东部那曲地区的罗马区闪长玢岩进行了系统的采样研究,并对其中2件样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结果分别为116.1Ma±0.4Ma和115.9Ma±0.5Ma,在误差范围内几乎一致,应该代表了其形成的时代。表明北冈底斯带东部地区亦存在早白垩世晚期岩浆活动,这对探讨北冈底斯带早白垩世的地质演化具有重要意义。     

胶东地区郭家岭岩体岩石构造组合特征及地质意义

通过对前人就郭家岭花岗岩构造地质学、岩石化学、同位素年代学等地质信息资料的分析、研究,认为胶东地区郭家岭花岗闪长岩-花岗岩总体上归属于幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆混合后经分异作用而成的同熔深成型花岗岩类;主要形成于由洋壳俯冲引起的火山岛弧环境、大陆碰撞环境和弧后拉张性质的大陆边缘环境;其定位机制为:沿着NEE向挤压带从小面积到大面积频率式脉动或涌动热轻气球膨胀式定位;该岩石构造组合主体形成于早白垩世。从岩石构造组合的概念,将其定义为造山中期郭家岭弱片麻状花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合。     

电子商务专业村空间格局演化及影响因素研究——基于2015—2020年中国淘宝村数据

电子商务专业村是数字经济时代中国农村产业转型升级的新模式。论文基于2015—2020年全国淘宝村空间数据,采用GIS空间分析和地理探测器等方法探求电子商务专业村的空间格局及演化特征,揭示不同影响因素作用机理。结果表明：① 淘宝村总体空间分布格局与中国基本地理格局高度吻合,时空演化呈现由中心向外围逐渐扩散特征;② 淘宝村呈现显著的空间集聚特征,空间集聚强度逐年增强,高强度集聚范围逐年扩大,华北平原传统农区出现高强度淘宝村集聚区;③ 淘宝村呈现显著的空间聚类分异特征,空间聚类区分布相对稳定,高—高(HH)集聚区集中分布在苏南、浙江、福建的泉州、莆田和潮汕揭城市群;④ 各影响因素对淘宝村空间格局演化具有不同的解释强度,产业基础和区位条件是高作用影响因子,政府行为影响力稳步上升,社会经济影响呈“U”型变化态势,三级影响因素中第一产业增加值、农村常住人口的影响程度呈下降趋势。研究结果对推进电子商务专业村发展、深化专业村发展理论、助力乡村振兴具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

四川盆地古近纪古风向恢复与大气环流样式重建

四川盆地白垩纪—古近纪发育了大量沙漠沉积,是恢复古风向与重建大气环流样式的宝贵证据.通过对四川盆地古近纪柳嘉组大型风成沙丘前积层倾向的系统测量,参照当时的古纬度、古方位及大气环流模式,恢复了四川盆地古近纪的古风向,重建了当时的大气环流样式.结果表明,四川盆地古近纪盛行西风,受西风带控制.结合前人的研究成果可以得出,四川盆地白垩纪早期由东北信风带控制,晚期由西风带控制,古近纪早期则继承了白垩纪晚期的大气环流样式,仍由西风带控制,其大气环流样式的转换大约发生在晚白垩世中期,至少在古近纪柳嘉组沉积时期,东亚季风尚未建立,四川盆地仍为行星环流控制.