大通河盆地二叠系沉积相及铜矿化特征

大通河盆地为一上古生代—中新生代断陷盆地,沉积持续时间长,后期构造作用强烈。通过对盆地内二叠系沉积相及铜矿化特征分析,认为铜矿化物质来源于北祁连古陆核,经剥蚀—沉积形成了含铜二叠系陆相杂色砂岩,后期断裂构造及热液活动更加强化了铜矿化的作用。     

Esophageal cancer spatial and correlation analyses：Water pollution,mortality rates,and safe buffer distances in China

Esophageal cancer exhibits one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in China. Malignant tumors caused by esophageal cancer, and the relationship to environmental factors has been the focus of many public health studies. This study applied spatial analysis to ascertain the relationship between water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality rates nationwide. We employed two datasets, including a national investigation of esophageal cancer rates and distribution, and national water quality grades in China's primary rivers and lakes. Esophageal cancer data were grouped based on different water quality grades, which included a scaled buffer distance from rivers and lakes. Non-parametric correlation analyses were performed to examine the presence or absence of the following correlations: (i) esophageal cancer mortality and buffer distance from rivers and lakes; and (ii) esophageal cancer mortality and water quality grade values. The present study revealed a significant positive correlation between widespread water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality nationwide; and a significant negative correlation between esophageal cancer mortality, and buffer distance from rivers and lakes.     

基于潜力模型的广东城市可达性度量及经济联系分析

以城市中心职能强度指数分析为基础,应用和改进潜力模型对广东省各地级市的可达性进行综合测算和空间差异分析。结果表明,广东城市可达性及由此反映出来的经济联系的空间格局呈现同心圈层结构,并以佛山市禅城区和顺德区为中心向外辐射。广东珠三角城市群表现出最优的可达性和经济联系强度,而北部和东、西两翼城市在交通网络结构缺乏横向关联、远离经济中心的地理位置和过于依赖珠三角城市群的带动作用等因素的综合影响下,可达性程度和经济联系最差。通过城市可达性和经济联系强度的空间分异规律分析,揭示出广东区域空间结构和交通网络结构存在的问题,诠释城市经济水平、发展模式和地理区位对可达性空间分异的作用,从而为广东省城镇网络体系发育、区域经济协调及珠三角产业转移规划优化提供科学支撑。     

The response of the East Asian summer monsoon to strong tropical volcanic eruptions

A 600-year integration performed with the Bergen Climate Model and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis data were used to investigate the impact of strong tropical volcanic eruptions on the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and EASM rainfall.Both the simulation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data show a weakening of the EASM in strong eruption years.The model simulation suggests that North and South China experience droughts and the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley experiences floods during eruption years.In response to strong tropical volcanic eruptions,the meridional air temperature gradient in the upper troposphere is enhanced,which leads to a southward shift and an increase of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream （EASWJ）.At the same time,the land-sea thermal contrast between the Asian land mass and Northwest Pacific Ocean is weakened.The southward shift and increase of the EASWJ and reduction of the land-sea thermal contrast all contribute to a weakening of the EASM and EASM rainfall anomaly.     

列车振动荷载作用下南京细砂振动累积变形特性试验研究

列车振动荷载作用下松散砂土振密造成的早期路基沉降将对列车的正常运行产生很大的影响。本文以南京地区新近沉积片状细砂为研究对象,采用英国GDS空心圆柱扭剪仪模拟列车振动荷载的实际应力路径,并考虑排水条件、试样围压和加载幅值等因素,初步研究了2000列次(14000振次)列车振动荷载作用下南京新近沉积片状细砂的振动排水特性和竖向累积变形特性。实验结果表明,试样围压对南京片状细砂的竖向累积变形的影响较为明显,同时,当试验围压较小时,加载幅值对试样的竖向累积变形的影响更大。其次,排水条件主要对列车运营前期的路基累积变形产生明显的影响,对后期的累积变形的影响基本可以忽略。最后,根据试验结果,本文也初步给出了排水条件和不排水条件下南京片状细砂的竖向累积应变增长曲线的新预测公式及其参数取值。研究结论对列车振动荷载作用下新近沉积砂性土的动力学特性及其累积变形的计算方法等问题的研究具有很好的参考价值。     

Determination of trace and rare-earth elements in Chinese soil and clay reference materials by ICP-MS

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) has become a powerful tool for providing reliable analytical results in many laboratories around the word. In this study, the mixture of HF and HNO3 acids in high-temperature and high-pressure closed-vessel digestion technique were used to decompose some Chinese reference materials, and thirty seven elements were determined by ICP-MS. Most of the results for Chinese soil reference materials were found to be in reasonable agreement with the reference values, except Cs, Ta, Li, Ge, Zn, Nd, Tb and Ta whose values need to be revised. Their precisions were typically lower than 5% RSD. However, the Precisions of Chinese clay reference materials, especially for GBW03102 and GBW03102a, were significantly different with reference values, probably reflecting the existence of a coarser-grained fraction(70 μm) in samples, and the formation of fluorides in Al-rich samples during sample decomposition by using the mixture of HF and HNO3 acids. Moreover, thirty-seven trace elements covering the mass range from Li to U in four Chinese clay reference materials were firstly provided with good precision and accuracy in this study.     

云南大红山矿区梳状断裂构造系及其控矿作用

大红山铜（铁）矿床的形成与分布受控于康滇地轴早元古代裂陷海槽背景下发育的梳状断裂构造系;梳状断裂构造系通过控制沉积盆地、曼岗河组沉积作用、火山活动等间接控制了铜（铁）矿空间展布和定位.大红山矿区外围找矿首先应沿着同沉积断裂寻找古海底洼地.在康滇地轴基底大红山群及同时代含矿火山-沉积建造普遍被中生界覆盖的情况下,同沉积断裂相对于其他标志可能更易于识别,因而可作为区内勘查大红山式铜（铁）矿的重要准则.     

大阳山隧道控制网布设

隧道工程以所处地形地质结构复杂、劳动强度大及后期维护问题多而著称。高海拔地区隧道受地质气候条件影响,其测量及施工难度较大,对高速铁路隧道而言,更是如此。本文以大阳山隧道为例,结合GPS测量技术特点对该隧道控制网布设进行了设计,得出了相关结论。     

宏观生态环境遥感监测系统总体设计与关键技术

宏观生态环境遥感监测系统是基于环境遥感监测应用技术的软件实现.本文重点介绍了宏观生态环境遥感监测系统的总体结构设计、业务流程设计和核心功能设计,以及模型转换与实现技术、实时投影转换技术与以文件和数据库相结合的数据管理技术、基于XML的数据实时交换技术、产品自动化生产技术等关键技术,并给出了系统的应用实例.系统应用结果表...     

MVT矿床中与成矿有关热液方解石的地球化学判据——以青海多才玛超大型铅锌矿床为例

碳酸盐矿物是MVT型铅锌矿床最为常见的热液蚀变矿物,记录了成矿流体特征,其元素或同位素组成对示踪和定位矿体具有一定的指示意义,但由于该类矿床中碳酸盐矿物成因多样,单一的岩相学观察往往难以准确识别与成矿有关和无关的方解石,需要辅以地球化学手段来确定方解石成因。本文利用钻孔编录、岩相学观察、C-O-Sr同位素和原位微量与稀土元素组成分析等手段,探讨了青海多才玛超大型MVT铅锌矿床中与成矿有关和无关两期方解石的矿物化学特征。结果表明,多才玛矿床成矿前方解石(Cal1)空间上与矿体无相关关系,遍布于中二叠统九十道班组灰岩内,阴极发光呈暗棕色至棕黄色,无明显生长环带;成矿期方解石(Cal2)主要产于铅锌矿体内及其上盘围岩中,多呈砂糖粒状-皮壳状充填于围岩裂隙和溶孔内,阴极发光呈暗黄色至亮橙色,常发育生长环带。相对于Cal2, Cal1与围岩的C-O-Sr同位素组成更为接近,这表明水岩反应期间,Cal1组成受围岩影响更大,Cal2组成受影响更小;相比于Cal1,Cal2具有较高的Mn、Fe、Zn、Pb含量和U/Th、V/Cr值以及较低的LREE/HREE值、Mg、Sr含量和弱的Ce负异常,指示成矿...