柴达木盆地茫崖坳陷古近系—新近系R_o分布特征及地质意义

柴达木盆地西部的茫崖坳陷是青海油田的主力油气产区 ,对该区古近系—新近系镜质组反射率(Ro)进行了系统研究 ,发现其垂向分布有两种规律 :一是 Ro 与垂深有良好的线性关系 ,多分布在坳陷中央 ,反映了沉积环境、物源和构造的稳定性较好 ;二是 Ro 与垂深呈右阶状 ,反映了逆冲叠覆。此外 ,通过 EASY% Ro 方法计算了研究区地层剥蚀厚度 ,认为干柴沟—油泉子为英雄岭隆起的主轴 ,因为剥蚀了 36 0 0～ 375 0 m,所以英雄岭主峰在地形上呈现出隆起主轴的假貌。通过地层剥蚀厚度的研究 ,还发现油气田主要分布在剥蚀梯度带上。这一结论对柴达木盆地油气勘探开发具有重要意义     

利用水电站PD16硐方解石研究划分坝区岩溶发育期

本文在分析采集于西南某水电站PDl6硐壁裂缝中不同位置的方解石形成年代以及碳氧同位素的基础上，结合坝区具体的水文地质情况，确定了研究河段岩溶发育的时间及其演化。     

TOC changes in the process of thermal evolution of source rock and its controls

Through geological observation, simulation in laboratory and numerical modeling, the factors that control the changes in total organic content (TOC) of source rock have been studied. When the formula DTOC=(TOC0-TOC)/TOC0 (original organic carbon content in the rock) is used to measure the TOC (total organic carbon content) changes in the source rock through geological time, the degrees and directions of such changes are determined by losses and relative amounts both of organic and inorganic matter in the source rock. The DTOC equation, which is used to calculate the loss rate in the process of maturation for the source rock, is therefore obtained by analyzing the mass balance relations. For a certain type of source rock with a certain maturation history, the changes of its TOC respond only to the rates of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. In actual cases of geological entities, DTOC generally ranges from -0.05 to 0.2, while the calculated reconversion coefficient (k) for organic carbon content remains between 0.90 and 1.25. Only in an ideal situation where there are extremely high rates of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion can the DTOC value experience significant changes, with k reaching up to 2.5. It is concluded, therefore, that the criterion for carbonates source rock assessment, based on reconverting the TOC to the value of its original state, may have overestimated the course of the "carbon-reduction", which is likely in many cases to make a poor source rock sound better.     

Study on the threshold value of organic enrichment of carbonate as gas source rocks

In this paper, calculations have been performed about gas quantity of generation, adsorption, dissolving in oil, dissolving in water, diffusion of unit area carbonate rocks at different geologic conditions in the Tarim basin. According to the material balance principle, the corresponding organic carbon content when gas started expelling from source rocks with separate phases has been worked out. We regard it as the theoretical threshold value (TOCmin) of gas source rocks under the same geologic condition. Based on the simulating calculation, a fact has been discovered that TOCmin decreases with the increasing source rocks thickness, decreases at the beginning and then increases with the increasing maturity and decreases with the better type of organic matter. TOCmin evaluation table of carbonate gas source rocks in the Tarim basin has been established. Investigations indicate that the TOCmin of carbonate gas source rocks varies greatly with the differences of geologic conditions, and gas source rocks cannot be evaluated with a unified TOC threshold value. And we also establish a preliminary evaluation table of TOC industrial threshold value, TOCgy, of carbonate gas source rocks in the Tarim basin.     

基于粗糙集的K-均值聚类算法在图像分割中的应用

结合粗糙集理论和K-均值聚类算法,提出了一种图像的粗糙聚类分割方法,试验结果表明,其比随机选取聚类的中心点和个数减少了运算量,提高了分类精度和准确性。     

多边形裁剪算法的完善

针对VisualC ++环境下多边形裁剪算法实际应用中出现的问题 ,分析了其产生的原因 ,给出了具体的解决方法。同时指出可以通过判断矢量多边形面积的正负值将多边形的顶点按照顺时针或逆时针方向排序。     

对流凝结加热的垂直分布与低纬大气的30～60天低频振荡

运用一个包含Wave-CISK机制的斜压半地转8层模式和本征函数展开方法，研究了三种不同的对流凝结加热廓线对低纬大气的30—60天低频振荡的影响。研究表明，不同的加热廓线分布时30～60天低频振荡具有不同的相速和周期，并且低频振荡特征相速的量级都是o(10m／s)，由Wave-CISK机制激发的低频CISK—Kelvin波和CISK—Rossby波都是稳定的。同时，还进一步揭示了不同加热廓线对低纬大气30～60天低频振荡垂直结构的影响。     

SARS控制与预警地理信息系统的研制与应用

针对中国当前非典型肺炎(SARS)疫情防治工作的迫切需求，作者基于其在地理信息科研领域具有大型国产GIS软件平台(SuperMAP)及其在辅助决策空间信息模型工具等方面的科研优势，紧急研制了“国家SARS疫情控制与预警信息系统”。该系统由5个子系统构成，是一个将空间定位、空间信息管理、空间信息分析技术和通信技术进行有机的整合，形成了前后端一体的SARS疫情实时传输、处理、分析和分布完整的信息系统。在SARS疫情的信息采集、管理、分析及其防治与监控措施的发布等方面发挥了重要的作用。     

地下水硝酸盐中氧同位素研究进展

硝酸盐中氧同位素在某些情况下能弥补氮同位素组成无显著差别的不足以及更有效地识别反硝化作用。文中综述了氧同位素检测技术、NO-3 源的氧同位素组成特征和氧同位素的应用等方面的研究进展。检测技术经历了 5个发展过程。大气和土壤环境形成的NO-3 具明显的氧同位素组成差异 ,由此可识别地下水NO-3 是来自含NO-3 化肥或大气沉降NO-3 还是来自土壤环境中的NH+ 4 经微生物硝化作用形成的NO-3 。反硝化作用使δ15N和δ18O成比例线性增加。今后的研究方向是完善检测技术、研究NO-3 中氧来自水和大气比例的影响因素及氮、氧同位素与地球化学和水文模型的结合等。     

Cenozoic Volcanism in Tibet: Evidence for a Transition from Oceanic to Continental Subduction

Geochronological (K–Ar or ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar), major and traceelement, Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic and mineral chemicaldata are presented for newly discovered Cenozoic volcanic rocksin the western Qiangtang and central Lhasa terranes of Tibet.Alkali basalts of 65–45 Ma occur in the western Qiangtangterrane and represent primitive mantle melts as indicated byhigh mg-numbers [100 x Mg/(Mg + Fe)] (54–65), Cr (204–839ppm) and Ni (94–218 ppm) contents, and relatively lowratios of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0·7046–0·7061), ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb(18·21–18·89), ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (15·49–15·61)and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (38·42–38·89), and highratios of ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (0·5124–0·5127). Incontrast, younger volcanic rocks in the western Qiangtang terrane(