新疆阿尔泰塔拉特铁铅锌矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因

塔拉特铁铅锌矿位于新疆阿尔泰造山带南缘的阿巴宫多金属成矿带,矿体赋存于克兰盆地下泥盆统康布铁堡组中,为一套海相中酸性火山岩-火山碎屑岩、陆源碎屑沉积岩-碳酸盐岩建造,脉状矿体受阿巴宫大断裂次级断裂控制.根据矿物组合和脉体穿插关系,塔拉特铁铅锌矿可分为4个成矿阶段:矽卡岩,氧化物,硫化物和碳酸盐阶段,后3个阶段均有石英共生.其中,硫化物(方铅矿-闪锌矿±磁黄铁矿±黄铜矿)阶段是铅锌成矿的主要阶段.不同阶段石英中广泛发育流体包裹体,可分为水溶液包裹体(W型)、纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、CO2-NaCl-H2O包裹体(C型)及含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)4类.冷热台显微测温和激光拉曼分析表明,氧化物阶段石英含有4种类型的包裹体,以W型为主,C型和S型包裹体次之,包裹体均一温度介于271～ 426℃,W型和C型盐度范围0.5％～22.4％ NaCleqv,S型包裹体盐度30.5％ ～40.6％ NaCleqv;硫化物阶段的石英流体包裹体为W型、C型和PC型,均一温度为204 ～ 269℃,盐度介于0.2％～15.6％ NaCleqv之间;碳酸盐阶段的矿物只含W型包裹体,均一温度集中在175～211℃之间,盐度为1.1％ ～9.9％ NaCleqv.利用C型包裹体对硫化物阶段成矿压力估算,得到107 ～ 171MPa,对应深度为4～6km.塔拉特铁铅锌矿初始成矿流体具有高温、高盐度、富CO2的特征,但碳酸盐阶段低盐度、贫CO2,流体不混溶和混合作用导致了成矿物质的沉淀.塔拉特铁铅锌矿的地质和成矿流体特征显示其为碰撞造山体制形成的矽卡岩型成矿系统.     

内蒙古兴阿钼铜矿区侵入岩锆石U-Pb年龄及 Hf同位素组成

兴阿钼铜矿床为大兴安岭北段最新发现的又一大型斑岩矿床.钼铜矿化与二长花岗斑岩密切相关,矿体主要产于斑岩体及其外接触带.从岩体向外依次发育钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、青磐岩化等斑岩型蚀变分带.本文对矿区主要侵入岩开展了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究,获得赋矿钾长花岗岩、成矿二长花岗斑岩和成矿后闪长玢岩脉的206 Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为131±1Ma、129±1Ma和124±1Ma,限定成矿作用发生于131 ～ 124Ma之间.获得三类侵入岩的锆石εHf(t)值分别为6.8 ～8.4、6.7 ～7.8和5.8 ～8.4,二阶段模式年龄(tDM2)分别为579 ～ 670Ma、616～680Ma和578～721 Ma,揭示矿区早白垩世侵入岩源自新元古代晚期增生地壳的部分熔融.据此,认为兴阿矿床形成于大陆碰撞过程的地壳缩短-加厚向伸展-减薄转换的构造体制,大陆碰撞由蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合引起,而这种后碰撞体制的地壳伸展-减薄作用又在早白垩世被由太平洋板块俯冲诱发的弧后伸展所叠加而加剧.     

浅析库车前陆盆地水文地质条件与铀成矿作用

根据库车前陆盆地水文地质条件,分析了地下水的铀成矿作用,并通过热力学计算等方法,对水中铀的存在形式及铀的溶解、迁移和沉淀富集过程作了较为详细的论述,阐明了盆地水化学及铀水文地球化学环境,并提出了成矿有利地段和有利层位。     

三峡库区头道河Ⅲ号滑坡综合治理施工技术

湖北省秭归县头道河Ⅲ号滑坡治理工程是三峡库区三期地质灾害防治应急项目.通过抗滑支挡、地表排水和监测等综合防治措施在该滑坡治理工程中的应用实例,介绍了该滑坡的地理环境及滑坡特征,抗滑桩和排水沟的施工工艺以及控制要点等,重点论述了如何准确的判识滑坡带以及常见质量通病的防治措施,为堆积体滑坡治理施工提供一定的参考.     

江西省龟峰丹霞地貌景观类型与成因分析

龟峰丹霞地貌区位于信江盆地南缘,地处扬子板块与华夏板块的结合带.景区内丹霞地貌景观类型齐全,成景层位为上白垩统龟峰群的河口组和塘边组.河口组以紫红、砖红色砾岩、砂岩为主,塘边组以紫红色砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩为主.本文介绍了区内丹霞地貌类型,并结合对该区地质特征研究,提出岩性差异、地层产状、构造发育和水流影响为龟峰丹霞地貌形成的主要因素.     

围海造地的软土地基处理方法与效果——以厦门新阳 大桥东南侧造地工程为例

面积为35.64万名的厦门市新阳大桥东南侧造地工程,从围海、吹填到地基处理共经历了18个月,其中软土地基处理从方法试验到大面积施工结束仅6个月时间。针对场地的原有土体条件和吹填土特性与分布条件,分别采用不同的动力排水固结法进行了地基处理,取得了地基土承载力、施工沉降及交工标高完全满足设计要求的效果。     

大直径钻孔灌注桩桩身倾斜数值模拟分析研究

本文验证了有限差分法模型模拟大直径钻孔灌注桩的可靠性。在此基础上对某工程灌注桩底部分桩身发生倾斜的情况进行了FLAC3D模拟,分析了其承载力及稳定性的变化,从而得出在一定倾斜范围内,桩的承载力及稳定性变化不会对工程实际产生太大的影响。     

西藏班-怒结合带尕尔穷铜金矿床矽卡岩 矿物学特征及其地质意义

尕尔穷铜金矿床位于西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带西段,是该带上近年来取得重大勘查突破的矽卡岩(斑岩)型铜金矿床.矿区产出的矽卡岩为典型的钙质矽卡岩,其矽卡岩矿物主要由石榴子石、辉石、硅灰石、绿帘石、绿泥石、符山石、矽线石等组成.电子探针分析结果表明,矿区石榴子石主要为钙铁榴石和钙铝榴石,辉石主要为透辉石,绿泥石可见铁绿泥石及铁镁绿泥石两种.石榴子石成分剖面显示其矿物组分随着石榴子石环带的变化而变化,表明矿区矽卡岩不是在一个完全封闭的平衡条件下形成的,指示矿床形成过程中热液流体具有多期多阶段性.尕尔穷矿区矽卡岩具有良好的分带性,表现为从靠近岩体的深部到靠近围岩的浅部具有石榴子石-透辉石相→透辉石-硅灰石相→硅灰石-绿帘石绿泥石相的分带特征,并伴随一定的矿化组合.典型矽卡岩矿物端员组分的识别及其Fe2+/Fe3+的比值计算结果表明,尕尔穷矿床形成于相对氧化环境.辉石组分中Mn/Fe比值的特征表明尕尔穷矿区具有一定的寻找钼矿的潜力.     

Multistage Deformation in the Northeastern Segment of the Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt: Constraints for the Relationship between the Yangtze Plate and the Cathaysia Old Land

Multistage deformation events have occurred in the northeastern Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt. The earliest two are ductile deformation events. The first is the ca. 820 Ma top-to-the-northwest ductile thrusting, which directly resulted from the collision between the Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc (?) during the Late Neoproterozoic, and the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt that formed as the ocean closed between the Yangtze Plate and the jointed Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc due to continuous compression. The second is the ductile left-lateral strike-slipping that occurred in the latest Early Paleozoic. Since the Jinning period, all deformation events represent the reactivation or inversion of intraplate structures due to the collisions between the North China and Yangtze plates during the Triassic and between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates during the Cenozoic. In the Triassic, brittle right-lateral strike-slipping and subsequent top-to-the south thrusting occurred along the whole northeastern Jiangshao Fault Zone because of the collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. In the Late Mesozoic, regional extension took place across southeastern China. In the Cenozoic, the collision between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates resulted in brittle thrusts along the whole Jiangnan Old land in the Miocene. The Jiangshao Fault Belt is a weak zone in the crust with long history, and its reactivation is one of important characteristics of the deformation in South China; however, late-stage deformation events did not occur beyond the Jiangnan Old Land and most of them are parallel to the strike of the Old Land, which is similar to the Cenozoic deformation in Central Asia. In addition, the Jiangnan old Land is not a collisional boundary between the Yangtze Plate and Cathaysia Old Land in the Triassic.     

Tectonic Taphrogenesis and Paleoseismic Records from the Yishu Fault Zone in the Initial Stage of the Caledonian Movement

The Yishu fault zone (mid-segment of the Tanlu fault zone) was formed in the Presinian. Periodic tectonic activities and strong seismic events have occurred along the fault zone. During the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, with the proceeding of the marine transgression from the Yishu paleo-channel to the western Shandong, uneven thick sediments, composed mainly of sand, mud and carbonates of littoral, lagoon, and neritic facies, were deposited in the Yishu fault zone and western Shandong, and constructed the bottom part of the Lower Cambrian consisting of the Liguan and Zhushadong formations. Through field observations and the lab-examinations, various paleoseismic records have been discovered in the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formations of the Yishu fault zone and its vicinity, including some layers with syn-sedimentary deformation structures that were triggered by strong earthquakes (i.e. seismite, seismo-olistostrome, and seismo-turbidite). Paleoseismic records developed in the Zhushadong Formation are mainly seismites with soft-sediment deformation structures, such as liquefied diapir, small liquefied-carbonate lime-mud volcano, liquefied vein, liquefied breccia, convolute deformation (seismic fold), graded fault, soft siliceous vein, and deformation stromatolite, as well as seismites with brittle deformation structures of semiconsolidated sediments. Paleoseismic records preserved in the Liguan Formation are not only seismo-olistostrome with a slump fold, load structure, and ball-and-pillows, but also seismo-turbidite with convolution bedding, graded bedding and wavy-bedding. However, in the western Shandong area, the closer to the Yishu fault zone, the greater the thickness of the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formation, the greater the number and type of layers with paleoseismic records, and the higher the earthquake intensity reflected by associations of seismic records. This evidence indicates that tectonic taphrogenesis accompanied by strong earthquake events occurred in the Yishu fault zone during the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, which embodied the break-up of the Sino-Korean Plate along the Paleo-Tanlu fault zone at that time.