Infrared Study of T Tauri Stars Based on IRAS and 2MASS Observations

The IRAS and 2MASS associations for 193 T Tauri stars are identified in this paper. From the color–color diagrams and spectral index, it is found that the IR excesses for most samples are due to thermal emission from the circumstellar material, as suggested previously. It is also found that the IR excesses at IRAS region for few T Tauri stars and the near-IR excesses for some T Tauri stars are likely attributed to free-free emission or free-bound emission from the circumstellar ionized gas. Moreover, It is found in deredened J–H versus H–K color–color diagram that there is a slight separation in different spectral groups. The T Tauri stars locus equation in J–H versus H–K color–color diagram for our sample is also presented.     

南沙群岛海区冬夏季中、深层海流的计算

根据１９８８年夏季和１９８９年冬季南沙群岛海区两个航次的温、盐度调查资料，运用β螺旋方法对调查海区的海流进行了计算。计算结果表明，该海区表、中层环流相对比较一致，深层流动状态与表、中层的差异较大，其中的局地环流的季节变化不明显。此外，在北康暗沙与南薇滩之间，夏季中、深层和冬季深层都明显反映出存在着一个迄今未见报道的局地反气旋式环流。文章对上述结果与该海区已有的一些海流分析结果作了比较。     

叠加在微波爆发上的快速尖峰群事件

本文介绍了北京天文台观测到的太阳射电10厘米波段的毫秒级快速精细结构(FFS)中一类有长持续时间的尖峰(我们称毫秒时标记录上陡升陡降图形为“尖峰”,称秒级时标的记录上的陡升陡降图形为“脉冲”)群事件。这一类微波毫秒尖峰群(MMS)事件具有一系列显著的特点: 1)它在秒级时间常数的慢速记录上常常对应一8S型(持续时间小于1分钟的脉冲)的爆发。因而利用脉冲的频谱特性,对这一类微波爆发中的毫秒精细结构的特征及可能的机制进行探讨,以弥补目前只能在一个波段上观测FFS事件的缺陷。 2)这一类脉冲爆发具有从低频向高频的频漂(正的频漂),而且频漂的速率随频率带增加而增加。 3)脉冲的幅度在波长8—10厘米间受到强烈的衰减。 4)脉冲群中的每一脉冲的极大频率及起始频率从高频逐渐移向低频,意昧着激发源逐渐上升。估计上升速度约为50公里/秒。 5)这类脉冲常常出现在有δ型磁结构、最大磁场强度大于2500高斯的复杂活动区中,可能有不同级别的耀斑与之对应。 6)这类脉冲与硬X线爆发事件、分米波段快速频漂事件及“BLIPS”事件见文[7]有密切的关系。 7)这一类微波快速尖峰群事件可以解释为来自耀斑-爆发事件中形成的电子加速中心的快速非热电子流向下运动穿入一耀斑环激起的电子迴旋脉泽辐射。     

渤海风暴减水特征及其对深水航路影响的数值模拟

利用环渤海9个沿岸站近10a潮位资料分析渤海海域的风暴减水特征,结果表明:渤海年均出现50cm和100cm风暴减水分别超过30d和6d,每年的9月至翌年4月份风暴减水最为频繁;建立了一套精细化天文潮-风暴潮耦合模型用于渤海深水航路的潮位预报,各站天文潮模拟验证的平均均方根误差为18.5cm,由此计算得到航路代表点的潮汐特征值并作潮汐预报;后报模拟了近10a重大风暴减水过程,模拟与实测吻合较好,说明该耦合模型可为该航路的潮位预报提供有益参考。     

丹麦日德兰半岛西海岸典型岸段地貌概况及研究现状

通过实地调查和资料搜集,对丹麦日德兰半岛西海岸典型岸段的地貌类型和研究现状进行了总结。丹麦日德兰半岛西海岸岸线长度约为470 km,海岸类型可以分为无障壁海岸和有障壁海岸2大类。无障壁海岸以沙丘为主,并有海蚀崖,主要分布在斯卡恩(Skagen)到布劳万角(Blåøvands Huk);有障壁海岸地貌类型以障壁岛—潟湖、盐沼为主,主要分布在布劳万角到勒姆岛(Rømø),并向南进入德国。丹麦西海岸北部属于冰后期地壳回弹上升区,向南地壳回弹幅度逐渐减弱,至Ringkøbing峡湾地区变为地壳稳定区,再向南地壳变为下降区,因此,全新世地层中分别记录了不同的相对海面变化信息。距今7 150 a以来,北部的Skagen岬角地区的相对海面下降了16~25 m;Skallingen地区过去5 000 a间海面在现代海面附近波动,其后侧Ho Bugt盐沼地区4 000 a以来相对海面上升了4 m;过去8 000 a间,Rømø障壁岛的相对海面上升了15 m。欧洲学者在丹麦西海岸地区取得的典型成果包括:海面变化重建(包括海面变化标志点、泥炭层压实校正、定年等)、全新世地质环境演化、开放潮坪现代沉积定量研究等,为海岸带研究提供了有益参考。     

白缘(鱼央)5S rDNA的扩增分析及其在染色体上的FISH定位

本文分别对雌雄白缘(鱼央)的5S rDNA进行了PCR扩增和序列分析,并采用双色荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,以白缘(鱼央)的5S rDNA序列和小麦的45S rDNA为探针,对其在白缘(鱼央)雌雄中期染色体上进行了FISH定位研究。结果表明,白缘(鱼央)5S rDNA序列无雌雄差异;5S rDNA的保守区序列为117 bp;5S rDNA和45S rDNA分别被定位于白缘(鱼央)的性染色体和第5号染色体上。同时从GenBank中获得了22种鱼的5S rDNA,运用DNAman软件构建了23种鱼的系统发育树,对白缘(鱼央)的进化地位进行了初步研究。本研究为阐明白缘(鱼央)在鱼类系统进化中的位置、重复序列在脊椎动物性染色体上的分布状况以及与性别决定与分化的关系,提供了资料积累和分析依据。     

水动力作用下管道稳定性的试验研究

利用振荡流水槽在以下两种约束条件下，研究波浪作用下直接铺设于砂质海底的管道失稳临界条件：1）管道两端自由；2）管道可水平、垂直自由运动，但流动受到限制。试验结果表明，管重无量纳数G与管道失稳的临界Fr数之间大致呈线性关系，而当G超过一定数值时，管道是侧向稳定的。管道的约束条件、砂床特性和加载速度对管道稳定性均有影响。     

东海陆架区 Brunt-Väisälä 频率空－时变化分析

Phillips (1966)指出，Brunt-V?is?l? 频率的分布是海洋中最重要的动力学特征之一。它是研究海水内部运动的一个重要参数，特别是关于海洋内波的研究。Brunt-V?is?l? 频率又称静态稳定性频率，更确切地应称作浮力频率，因为它与分层流体中作绝热移动的流体元的浮力变化相联系。Brunt-V?is?l? 频率(以下缩写成B. V. f.) 记作N。 根据B. V. f. 分布特征研究海水结构及动力学特性的论述颇多，但绝大多数侧重于深海大洋的研究，且时常将其上层撇开，从而可求得一个比较简单的解析式，这显然是由于海洋上层较其下层复杂的缘故。对于浅海陆架的情形，研究得比较少。前田明夫(1974)曾根据日本近岸(5公里以内)三个观测站上1-3天的观测资料，分析研究了日本近海上层海洋短周期海水温度起伏的动力学特性。本文试图对我国东海陆架浅海B.V.f.的空间分布和时间变化特征作一探讨。     

Human-induced changes in recent sedimentation rates in Bohai Bay,China: Implications for coastal development

In many countries, coastal planners strive to balance the demands between civil, commercial strategy and environmental conversation interests for future development, particularly given the sea level rise in the 21 st century. Achieving a sustainable balance is often a dilemma, especially in low-lying coastal areas where dams in inland river basin are trapping significant amounts of fluvial sediments. We recently investigated the shore of Bohai Bay in northern China where there has been a severe increase in sea level following a program of large-scale coastal reclamation and infrastructure development over the last five decades. To investigate this trend, we obtained sediment cores from near-shore in Bohai Bay, which were dated by ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb radionuclides to determine the sedimentation rates for the last 50 years. The average sedimentation rates of Bohai Bay exceeded 10 mm yr~(-1) before 1963, which was much higher than the rate of local sea-level rise. However, our results showed an overall decreasing sedimentation rate after 1963, which was not able to compensate for the increasing relative sea-level rise in that period. In addition, our results revealed that erosion occurred after the 1980 s in the shallow sea area of Bohai Bay. We suggest that this situation places the Bohai Bay coast at a greater risk of inundation and erosion within the next few decades than previously thought, especially in the large new reclamation area. This study may be a case study for many other shallow sea areas of the muddy coast if the sea level continues to rise rapidly and the sediment delivered by rivers continues to decrease.     

Large aftershocks triggering by Coulomb failure stress following the 2001<Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript>S</Subscript>=8.1 great Kunlun earthquake

The great Kunlun earthquake occurred on Nov. 14, 2001 in Qinghai Province, China. Five large aftershocks with magnitude larger than 5.0 occurred near the Kunlun fault after main shock. Calculations of the change in Coulomb failure stress reveal that 4 of 5 large aftershocks occurred in areas with Δσ_f>0 (10^?2–10^?1 MPa) and one aftershock occurred in an area with Δσ_f=?0.56 MPa. It is concluded that the permanent fault displacement due to the main shock is the main cause of activity of large aftershocks, but not the whole cause.