蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱研究

本文报道了蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱。在室温下斜纤蛇纹石,正纤蛇纹石,叶蛇纹石和利蛇纹石都具有各自的特征光谱。在结构资料基础上,我们解释了它们之间的光谱差异。无疑,红外光谱是区分各种蛇纹石矿物的有效手段。 样品加热到600—700℃时,3680cm~(-1)羟基带消失,这表明在该温度下蛇纹石矿物完全脱羟。与此同时,光谱中出现橄榄石870cm~(-1)的最强带和一个宽带1000cm~(-1),这说明蛇纹石已部分地转变为晶质橄榄石和形成一个无定形的中间相。800℃时,1060cm~(-1)新带的出现标志着顽火辉石的生成。在所有加热样品的光谱中都没有发现SiO_2吸收带,故可认为,在蛇纹石的热转变过程中没有出现SiO_2相。     

衍射指标h和k的互换问题

通过衍射线指标和面网指标的联系讨论了晶体的对称性对衍射指标h和k互换的影响。在下列情况下衍射指标h和k是不能互换的:在低级晶族;在四方晶系C_(4h)—4/m劳厄点群,六方品系C_(6h)—6/m劳厄点群和立方晶系T_h—m3劳厄点群对于hko和kkl型衍射;在三方晶系选取六方晶胞的情况下,在C_(3i)—3劳厄点群对于hol,okl,hko和hkl型衍射,在D_(3d)—3m劳厄点群对于holokl和hkl型衍射,以及在菱面体点阵除非h和k都是三的倍数。     

浙江缙云斜发沸石水的核磁共振分析

本文应用宽线NMR技术,结合红外测定,研究了缙云斜发沸石中水的结构类型、存在状态、运动特征和热稳定性。结果表明:缙云斜发沸石中的沸石水按其运动特性可以分为受阻旋转水、自由旋转水和自扩散运动水三种类型,它们以谱线中分裂的双线和线宽不同的单峰相区别。低温时,受阻旋转运动的水在晶格中转变为刚性配置。其脱水次序决定于各类型水与沸石结构骨架键合的强弱,脱水是连续的。研究显示缙云斜发沸石的结构骨架相当疏宽,骨架对水分子的吸引力没有严格的方向性,这一特性有利于阳离子的交换。     

沉积岩中蒙脱石-伊利石混层矿物的SEM/EDAX分析

本文利用扫描电子显微镜与X射线能量色散分析联合法,对沉积岩中蒙脱石-伊利石混层矿物进行系统微区成分分析,求出混合层中伊利石的百分含量。     

地形对低空地转气流上重力惯性波稳定性的影响

研究指出,对西风地转气流,地形的南坡有利于重力惯性波的不稳定,北坡不利于波动的不 稳定发展;对东风气流,情况与此相反.重力惯性波不稳定的条件是(u+g~*A/f)~2≥g~*H.     

Geological and fluid inclusion studies of the Dongpo tungsten skarn ore deposit,China

The Dongpo tungsten ore deposit, the largest scheelite skarn deposit in China, is located at the contact of a 172-m. y. biotite granite with a Devonian marble. The mineralization associated with the granite includes W, Bi-Mo, Cu-Sn and Pb-Zn ores. Several W mineralization stages are shown by the occurrence of ore in massive skarn deposits and in later cross-cutting veins. The high garnet/pyroxene ratio, the hedenbergite and diopside-rich pyroxene and the andradite-rich garnet show the deposit belongs to the oxidized skarn type. Detailed fluid inclusion studies of granite, greisen, skarn and vein samples reveal three types of fluid inclusion: (1) liquid-rich, (2) gas-rich and (3) inclusions with several daughter minerals. Type (3) is by far the most common in both skarn and vein samples. The dominant daughter mineral in fluid inclusions is rhembic, highly birefringent, and does not dissolve on heating even at 530°C. We assume that this mineral is calcite. The liquid phase in most of the fluid inclusions has low to moderate salinities: 0–15 wt. %; in a few has higher salinities (30–40 wt. % NaCl equivalent). The homogenization temperatures of inclusions in the skarn stage range from 350°C to 530°C, later tungsten mineralization-stage inclusions homogenize between 200°C and 300°C, as do inclusions in veins. Fluid inclusions in granite and greisen resemble those of the late tungsten mineralization stage, with low salinity and homogenization temperatures of 200°–360°C. The tungsten-forming fluids are probably a mixture that came from biotite granite and the surrounding country rocks.     

论弱活动断裂在岩溶区航片水文地质判译中的作用

<正> 在水文地质工程地质领域中,活动断裂以其对地下水的运移、富集及人类工程活动等方面的深刻影响而受到人们的重视。七十年代以来,随着我国地震工作的深入开展,区域水文地质工程地质普查的广泛进行,以及若干新的探测技术方法的引进,人们对活动断裂的区域分布规律、地质地貌特征及其水文地质工程地质意义等方面的认识日益深入。     

平面滑动标准化法在区域水化资料整理中的应用

平面滑动标准化法是应用电子计算机处理(以下简体电算)大量区域水化资料的一种方法。它能够较好地反映水中各种元素的区域分布和圈定高背景区,准确地确定各类水异常的规模、强度和空间展布,有效地检出大量数据中的微弱信息,比传统整理方法具有显著的优越性。本文以65地区的应用效果加以说明。     

TL dating of malan loess in gansu province

TL dating technique is of great advantage for determining the initial time of storing energy (T₀) in an object to be analyzed. The sample is required to have undergone at least one thermal event, permitting all the residual storage to release. As a result, TL dating technique has found wide application in geochronology of pottery. The determination of T₀ of loess is mainly based on the fact that fine particles of which loess is composed will lose their storage in the process of transportation by wind. In our experiment TL dating technique was adopted to determine the ages of fine quartz grains, and the results were corrected for those of shine-fading experiment. TL dating of Malan loess specimens from Mt. Gaolanshan, Liugouhe near Lanzhou, Mt. Qijiadashan in Jingning and Baichaoyuan in Huining gave the age values of 2.6±0.1, 3.6±0,3. 4.7±0.5 and 10.0±0.6×10⁴ yr, respectively. The values indicate that the Malan loess began depositing in Late Pleisotocene, but the initial time and acumulation rate are different under different morphological conditions from place to place.     

新疆库布苏金矿石英标型特征研究

重点研究了库布苏矿化带中石英脉与金矿化关系，对不同成矿阶段石英的化学成分，晶胞参，红外光谱，热发光，包裹体等进行了研究，总结了找矿矿物学标志。