多源电测深法在扩大庐枞8411矿床中的应用效果

本文针对山区电测深的结症，通过实例介绍了一种新方法──多源电测深法的应用效果。在三面环山、岩石裸露等物探自然条件极为不利的情况下，应用多源电测深法成功地圈定了８４１１西段铀－硅质体的展布，预测了银竹凹铀成矿远景区段，为８４１１矿床的扩大指明了方向。实践表明：多源电测深法具有探测深度大、工作效率高、资料解释直观可靠等优点，是一种行之有效的物探方法。     

利用MSU序列研究高空大气温度变化的进展

美国NOAA卫星上搭载的微波大气探测仪MSU以及后续继承改进仪器AMSU,自1978年投入运行以来,已经积累了超过30年的全球大气温度的观测资料。近年来,国外学者通过仪器定标误差订正、卫星轨道衰减订正、观测时间差异导致的温度日变化订正、仪器间的相互定标处理等技术,发现并剔除了一些影响较大的非气候因素,提高了该序列资料的质量,并用于全球气候变化研究,特别是对流层和平流层近30年的温度变化研究,研究结果是对常规地面和探空资料分析结果的重要补充。本文对目前国际上3种常用的MSU序列资料集的定标误差、偏差订正和不同卫星上仪器观测序列的一致化处理方法进行了综合介绍,并比较分析了3种资料用于30年高空大气温度变化趋势分析的异同。     

从全波段太阳直射辐射确定大气气溶胶光学厚度 II：实验研究

本文通过比较太阳直射表和太阳光度计探测的大气柱气溶胶光学厚度，分析了从太阳直射表探测的全波段太阳直射光强信息确定大气柱气溶胶光学厚度的误差，并应用北京观象台的太阳直射表观测资料，反演得到了 1990—1993年北京大气柱气溶胶光学厚度，分析了该光学厚度月与年变化规律以及1991年菲律宾皮纳图博火山爆发对北京大气气溶胶含量的影响。本文还提出了关于有效水汽含量的一个经验关系式，用于确定水汽对太阳辐射的吸收率。     

大气气溶胶折射率虚部的宽谱反演方法I.理论

提出了从宽谱太阳漫射辐射信息反演大气气溶胶折射率虚部的新方法。通过敏感性分析发现：宽谱太阳漫射辐射对大气气溶胶折射率虚部的变化非常敏感,而对粒子谱分布、气溶胶折射率实部、地表反射率、大气中水汽和臭氧含量的变化不很敏感或弱敏感,因此可以从中较好地提取大气气溶胶折射率虚部。数值试验表明该方法具有较高的精度。     

卫星在热带气旋快速增强观测中的应用进展

热带气旋(TC)快速增强(RI)对我国影响大且预报难度较大,在常规观测资料稀少的海洋上,卫星探测技术的发展,提供了更多的RI TC内部结构变化的有效信息,能够帮助人们进一步认识TC强度的变化规律.文中总结了静止轨道及极地轨道卫星上搭载的可见/红外扫描仪、微波成像仪、降水测量雷达、风场测量仪器、闪电成像仪和云雷达资料在TC RI中的应用以及存在的问题,指出发展小卫星星座及静止轨道微波探测,加强RI TC内部的降水、云微物理和风场等重要信息的时间演变分析,并结合数值模拟进一步研究TC RI的物理机制将是未来的发展方向.     

云南会泽矿山厂铅锌矿床流体包裹体特征及成矿物理化学条件

通过会泽矿山厂铅锌矿床闪锌矿流体包裹体显微测温和成矿物理化学条件参数计算,结合前人研究结果,得出以下认识:会泽矿山厂铅锌矿床闪锌矿流体包裹体均一温度为126280℃,具有较宽的变化区间,盐度(w(NaCl))为3.2%22.8%;白云石流体包裹体均一温度为86163℃,大部分盐度较低,为1.1%-14.8%。3个成矿阶段闪锌矿和白云石中流体包裹体均一温度和盐度具有较明显的分布特征:从热液成矿期Ⅰ阶段→Ⅱ阶段→Ⅲ阶段→围岩蚀变,流体呈现中高温-高盐度→中温-中高盐度→中低温-中高盐度→中低温-低盐度的演化规律。在整个热液成矿过程中,有两种不同盐度的流体参与了作用,流体混合可能是矿物沉淀的主要机制。pH值计算结果表明,迁移阶段时,成矿流体呈酸性,从成矿阶段Ⅰ—Ⅳ,流体pH逐渐增大,主成矿阶段Ⅱ—Ⅲ时,闪锌矿和方铅矿在中性、弱碱性下大量析出。受控于CO、CO_2、O_2间逸度平衡的CO_3~(2-)和HCO_3~-缓冲对调节了成矿流体的pH值,碳酸盐岩在铅锌的运移沉淀中起了至关重要的作用。     

Intrusion and its implication for subsidence: A case from the Baiyun Sag, on the northern margin of the South China Sea

We develop a series of simple numerical models to explain the anomalous subsidence and deposition phenomena on the northern continental margin of the South China Sea, in particular in the Baiyun Sag. The results suggest that a short-period high rate deposition of around 17 Ma is related to a rapid subsidence event, which may be due to episodic emplacement of a dense intrusion. Necking and gravity models indicate that in the basement of the Baiyun Sag, there is a dense zone that is 100–200 kg/m³ more dense than the surrounding country rock. Considering its high magnetic intensity and regional igneous activity, the dense zone is thought to be related to a phase of basalt intrusion that may have taken place around 17 Ma. Thermal and subsidence models indicate that a hot denser intrusion can cause significant subsidence immediately after the intrusion. The subsidence rate then slows down with cooling, thus becoming consistent with the observed subsidence curves at around 17 Ma. The results also indicate that the lithospheric strength under the Baiyun Sag is negligible, and that the high-velocity layer in the lowermost crust may be not an original part of the pre-rift crust. Instead, it is thought to be underplated intrusion emplaced at around 30 Ma when the continental margin broke up.     

A Flare-Triggered Heating of a Quiescent Filament

Using data obtained with the 20-cm H full-disk telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory and Fexii 195 Å EIT on SOHO, we analyze a sudden disappearance event of a quiescent filament in detail. The filament was located along the common boundary of the active regions NOAA 9672 (S19 E13) and NOAA 9673 (N03 E18). The filament disappeared during a time interval between 17:59 UT and 19:47 UT on 22 October 2001 immediately after the onset of a major flare, which occurred in the active region NOAA 9672. At about 23:23 UT of the same day, the filament began to reappear in H and, after about 15 hours, the filament recovered to its steady state with its size being slightly smaller than that before its disappearance. This filament disappearance event belongs to the thermal type of sudden filament disappearances, which is caused by an input of additional heat. The heating mechanism that leads to sudden thermal disappearances of quiescent filaments is still not well understood. This simple event, due to the explicit cause and effect relationship between the flare and the disappearance of the filament, shows us that the flare triggered some kind of heating mechanism which continued several hours. The heat may come from the flare via heat conduction from its ribbon or from the excitation of dissipating Alfvén waves. However, from the data analysis, we conclude that the flare triggered an in-situ heating, which is likely caused by magnetic reconnection.     

利用神经网络建立GPS网络RTK的双差对流层误差模型

为减小对流层误差改正数中系统偏差的影响以提高对流层改正精度,提出了基于神经网络的顾及空间的对流层误差建模模型,该模型的对流层延迟误差改正在网内外精度均达5 cm。