新疆萨热克巴依盆地中—新生代构造变形特征及其找矿意义

基于野外地质调查和构造测量工作,系统解析了萨热克巴依盆地边缘及内部的断裂-褶皱构造的几何学、运动学和动力学特征,重建盆地演化过程,探究控矿规律,促进深部找矿预测。研究表明：①盆地经历了早—中侏罗世拉分盆地发育、中侏罗世末—晚侏罗世初构造隆升剥蚀、晚侏罗世沉降、晚侏罗世末—早白垩世初构造隆升剥蚀、早白垩世早期沉降、早白垩世中晚期—古近纪隆升剥蚀、中新世压剪性构造变形、上新世—第四纪挤压收缩变形8个构造演化阶段,其中前6个阶段表现为沉降-抬升垂直运动,后2个阶段（新近纪—第四纪）表现为挤压收缩水平运动。②盆地叠加有2期挤压收缩构造变形,早期形成规模不大的北（西）西—南（东）东向宽缓向背斜构造;后期形成一系列北东东—南西西向褶皱-断层构造,表现为盆地边缘南北边界断层（ST、NT）朝盆地内对冲,导致在断层附近下盘形成的伴生褶皱趋于紧闭,而在远离断层的复式向斜（Sf）核部的次级褶皱多呈开阔宽缓状。③盆地构造控矿可以分为2个阶段：在成矿期阶段（早侏罗世—早白垩世）,由盆地沉降、隆升形成的正断层、反转断层及伴生断裂-节理-裂隙为重要的导矿构造,上侏罗统库孜贡苏组砂砾岩层内发育的顺层裂隙为萨热克铜矿重要的储矿构造,导矿构造与储矿构造交汇部位成为矿液富集成矿的最佳部位;在成矿后阶段,由后期（上新世—第四纪）北北西—南南东向区域挤压应力作用形成的收缩构造变形,明显控制了矿体的空间展布形态,造成矿体卷入褶皱变形,以及被断裂-裂隙带切穿或错断。④在30勘探线以东一带,南矿带深部隐伏的库孜贡苏组上段（J3k2）为铜（锌）矿（化）体的有利赋存层位,具有良好的找矿前景。     

Typhoon frequency sequence reconstruction and characteristics analysis in the Southeast Coastal Area over China during the Ming and Qing dynasties

Natural Hazards - This study involved the systematic collation of historical data from local records, government records, etc., as well as disaster data compiled by contemporary researchers....     

Dehydration melting of solid amphibolite at 2.0 GPa: Effects of time and temperature

The dehydration melting of the natural rock at high pressure is important to investigating the magma formation in the earth’s interior. Since the 1970s, a lot of geological scientists have paid more atten- tion to the dehydration melting of the natural rock[1―5]. Previous experiments of dehydration melting and observations of fieldwork argued that the dehy- dration melting of the rock was probably the most important fashion for the melting of the lower crust rock[6―12]. The genesis of most …     

我国断层气测量在地震科学研究中的应用现状

氢气被认为是反应断裂活动最灵敏的地球化学组分之一。研究影响断裂带氢浓度动态变化的主要因素,是科学分析断裂带氢与构造活动关系的基础工作。本文基于河南内乡马山口断层气氢气浓度与辅助测项的连续观测资料,重点分析了氢浓度变化与地温、气温、气压的相关关系,确定了主要影响因素。结果表明,氢气浓度日变化极值介于气温和地温之间,极值点靠近地温一侧。使用逐步回归方法分析进一步证明,地温、温度对氢气浓度均有影响,但地温影响更显著,气压影响不显著。总体来讲,氢浓度会受到地温和气温的双重影响,但与地温关系更为密切。     

边界层过程对"98·7"长江流域暴雨预报影响的数值试验研究

通过ETA模式对"98@7"长江流域暴雨过程的数值试验研究,讨论了行星边界层过程对暴雨数值预报的影响,结果表明边界层过程在这次暴雨预报中有重要作用.具体结论为:(1)降水大范围落区是受大尺度流场所决定的,但边界层过程对暴雨预报具有重要的作用;(2)不考虑边界层过程会影响对天气系统的正确预报,包括影响大气低层的运动场、水汽及大气不稳定度,从而影响暴雨的预报;(3)从时间层次上看,由于地表通量有着显著的日变化,边界层过程的作用不仅与暴雨本身发生发展及消亡的阶段有关,也与各阶段的时间(白天或夜间)有联系;(4)在空间范围内,边界层过程对大气的影响是通过大气流场重新分布来影响降水的环境条件,故地表通量分布和低层流场的相互配置作用十分重要.长江南北的情况有所不同,长江流域南侧区是地表通量的大值区,也是长江流域雨区水汽和不稳定能量的源区,它对长江流域的暴雨可能有着更为重要的作用.     

GPS定位中卫星坐标计算的切比雪夫多项式拟合法

在GPS定位中需要不断地计算卫星的坐标，实时的卫星坐标是根据接收到的广播星历来计算的，而每次计算卫星坐标都需要占用大量内存，影响计算速度。利用切比雪夫多项式拟合广播星历的卫星坐标，以实现卫星轨道的标准化。通过实例分析了用切比雪夫多项式进行卫星坐标拟合的精度及多项式阶数和时间间隔的合理选择等问题，得出了一些有益的结论。     

盆地模拟技术中的化学动力学生烃模型与应用

油气地表化探数据的失真(特别是数据中的高值失真点)直接影响到化探异常圈定。本文根据油气地表化探数据的分布特点，利用概率统计原理，提出一种适合油气化探资料前期处理的失真数据的概率判定方法和处理手段，在对实际资料的应用中，取得了良好的效果。     

Observation and study on the whole process of cloud-to-ground lightning using narrowband radio interferometer

A narrowband radio interferometer has been developed and used to locate the entire sources of VHF radiations from a negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning discharge which contains 19 strokes. This system uses five antennas to form an array consisting of short- and long-baselines along two or- thogonal directions. The system error which comes from frequency conversion is reduced by phase detection through direct high frequency amplifying. An interactive graphic analysis procedure is used to remove the fringe ambiguities which exist inherently in interferometry and to determine the direction of lightning radiation sources in two dimensions (azimuth and elevation) as a function of time at a time resolution of microsecond orders. With the developed system, the whole progression process in time and space of a lightning flash can be reconstructed. In this paper, combining the synchronous data of electric filed change and VHF radiation, the whole processes of an example negative CG flash have been studied in detail. It is found that the preliminary breakdown event of the CG flash started from negative charge region and exhibited firstly a downward pregression and then an upward propagation. There were very intense and continuous radiations during stepped leaders which became much stronger when the first return stroke began. In contrast, there were less and only discrete radiations during dart leaders. Stepped leader and dart leader may transform to each other depending on the state of the ionization of the path. The progression speed of initial stepped leaders was about 105 ms?1, while that was about 4.1×106 and 6.0×106 ms?1 for dart leaders and dart-stepped leaders, respectively. M events produced hook-shaped field changes accompanied by active burst of radiations at their begin- nings. Followed these active radiation processes, M events appeared to contact finally into conducting main discharge channels. The mean progression speed of M events was about 7×107 ms?1, greater than that of the dart leaders and dart-step leaders. K events and attempted leaders were essentially the same as dart leaders except that they could not reach the ground and initiate return strokes.     

菏泽5.9级地震前后水准测量与承压水变化关系的研究

利用深层承压水头观测结果,对东明——菏泽长水准测线8——9号测段的高差变化进行了回归计算和相关分析。认为菏泽市城区9号测点下沉的主要原因是受深层承压水头变化的影响。排除地下水影响因素后证实,1983年11月7日菏泽5.9级地震前后仅3mm左右的升降变化,表明9号测点对这次中强地震仅能反映微弱的形变信息量。     

海南岛“0810”特大暴雨物理量诊断及多普勒特征分析

应用常规观测、海口多普勒回波及NCEP1×1°再分析等资料,对2008年10月12～15日海南特大暴雨成因进行诊断分析,并揭示了暴雨过程中的多普勒回波特征。结果表明：导致海南岛产生强降水的主要原因是热带低压移动缓慢和弱冷空气的低层入侵;当冷暖空气交绥,大气温湿结构发生突变,θse面陡立造成对流系统斜压发展,激发位势不稳定能量释放。正差动假相当位温平流意味着低层暖湿空气的平流大于高层,加强了层结对流不稳定发展;在斜压扰动作用下,对流层中层正差动涡度平流和低压东侧的暖平流破坏了海南岛的准地转平衡,动力强迫和热力强迫共同作用激发了次级环流,导致暴雨区上空的垂直运动的发展,促使暴雨增强。充沛的水汽输送及水汽的强烈辐合,为暴雨发生的有利水汽条件。多普勒径向速度揭示了暴雨区低层冷平流高层暖平流、风向风速的垂直切变大的垂直结构以及持续性的强烈辐合等等特征,回波停滞和＂列车效应＂使降水增幅,降水回波的性质差异,可造成强降水区域分布的不同。