一种共生藻PCR模板DNA的快速制备法

采用Chelex-100树脂法制备了26个物种(分别属于腔肠动物门、海绵动物门和软体动物门)的共生藻以及一株纯培养共生藻的DNA样品。通过PCR扩增叶绿体23S rRNA基因片段获得了26个有效序列,测序比对结果显示获得的序列与扩增目的基因相符。该方法不仅样品消耗量小、操作时间短、设备需求低廉,而且可以避免使用有害化学试剂。这是一种高效、环保的DNA提取方法,可为共生藻分子研究提供技术参考。     

球面距离计算方法及精度比较

球面距离(角间距)计算是天文或地理学中极常用的计算之一,也是目标查找、锥形检索、交叉证认等方法的基础。数学上,通过球面几何可以直接计算出两点的距离,前人已经推导出了多个复杂程度不一的计算方法。但是由于计算机的精度有限,在进行数值计算时有舍入误差,导致公式计算结果出现偏差。对几个常用的球面距离计算公式进行了考察,测试并对比它们在不同计算环境下的精度与优缺点。此外还展示并比较了几种常用天文软件包、数据库的球面距离计算方法,以期有助于天文工作者选择适合自己当前需要的计算方法。     

More than two hundred and fifty thousand spectroscopic binary or variable star candidates discovered by LAMOST

About 786.4 thousand stars were observed by LAMOST twice or more during the first stage of its spectroscopic survey. The radial velocity differences for about 256 thousand targets are larger than10 km s^-1 and they are possible spectroscopic binary or variable candidates(SBVCs). It is shown that most SBVCs are slightly metal poorer than the Sun. There are two peaks in the temperature distribution of SBVCs around 5760 K and 4870 K, while there are three peaks in the distribution of the gravitational acceleration at 2.461, 4.171 and 4.621 cm s^-2. The locations of SBVCs on the [Fe/H]-T, [Fe/H]-log g, log g-T and H-R diagrams are investigated. It is found that the detected SBVCs could be classified into four groups. The first group has higher log g～4.621 and lower T ～ 4870 K which are mainly cool red dwarf binaries. The second group of SBVCs has logg around 4.171 cm s^-2 that includes binaries and pulsating stars such as δSet and γ Dor variables. The gravitational accelerations of the third group of SBVCs are higher and some of them are below the zero-age main sequence. They may be contact binaries in which the primary components are losing energy to the secondaries in the common envelopes and are at a special stellar evolutionary stage.The last group is composed of giants or supergiants with log g around 2.461 cm s^-2 that may be evolved pulsating stars. One target(C134624.29+333921.2) is confirmed as an eclipsing binary with a period of 0.65 days. A preliminary analysis suggests that it is a detached binary with a mass ratio of 0.46. The primary fills its critical Roche lobe by about 89%, indicating that mass transfer will occur between the two components.     

Complete genome of Cobetia marina JCM 21022T and phylogenomic analysis of the family Halomonadaceae

Cobetia marina is a model proteobacteria in researches on marine biofouling. Its taxonomic nomenclature has been revised many times over the past few decades. ~To better understand the role of the surface-associated lifestyle of C. marina and the phylogeny of the family Halomonadaceae, we sequenced the entire genome of C. marina JCM 21022 ~T using single molecule real-time sequencing technology(SMR~T) and performed comparative genomics and phylogenomics analyses. ~The circular chromosome was 4 176 300 bp with an average GC content of 62.44% and contained 3 611 predicted coding sequences, 72 t RNA genes, and 21 r RNA genes. ~The C. marina JCM 21022 ~T genome contained a set of crucial genes involved in surface colonization processes. ~The comparative genome analysis indicated the significant diff erences between C. marina JCM 21022 ~T and Cobetia amphilecti KMM 296(formerly named C. marina KMM 296) resulted from sequence insertions or deletions and chromosomal recombination. Despite these diff erences, pan and core genome analysis showed similar gene functions between the two strains. ~The phylogenomic study of the family Halomonadaceae is reported here for the first time. We found that the relationships were well resolved among every genera tested, including Chromohalobacter, Halomonas, Cobetia, Kushneria, Zymobacter, and Halotalea.     

Geochemistry,petrogenesis and tectonic implication of Early Cretaceous A-type rhyolites in Hailar Basin,NE China

Early Cretaceous A-type rhyolites of the Shangkuli Formation in the Hailar Basin of NE China exhibit geochemical characteristics of high silicon, alkali, Fe/Mg, Ga/Al, Zr, Pb, HFSEs, and REE contents but low Ca, Ba, Sr and Eu, which meet the criteria of typical reduced A-type granite.The A-type rhyolites are most probably derived from magmatic underplating and partial melting of quartz-feldspathic lower crust, with the lithospheric mantle material involved, due to the extensional deformation of the Erguna-Hulun Fault.Although the A-type rhyolites show A1-type trace elements characteristics, they were formed in a post-orogenic extension-al background together with the coeval widespread bimodal volcanic rocks, metamorphic core complexes, vol-canic fault basins and metallogenic province in the Sino-Russia-Mongolia border tract.This extension event was related to the collapse of thickened region of the continental crust after the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.     

我国南方西南和中东部区域两次持续性低温雨雪过程与关键环流系统的关系研究

利用NCEP再分析资料和国家气象信息中心提供的753站逐日气温和降水资料,对比分析了我国南方西南和中东部区域两次持续10 d以上的低温雨雪过程,结果表明:(1)两次过程中欧亚大陆中高纬东亚大槽均加深,但环流形势有差异。西南过程呈现"北高南低"形势,关键脊区在贝加尔湖,而中东部区域过程"北高南低"和"西高东低"形势共存,关键脊区从乌拉尔山延伸至贝加尔湖。两次过程异常的环流与北大西洋向东传播的波列有关。(2)西南过程关键脊区提前过程3 d发展并东移至贝加尔湖,形成稳定形势;而中东部区域过程关键脊区提前过程一周发展,在开始日达最强。两次过程均伴随蒙古高压东移南压使地面降温,500 hPa关键脊区超前蒙古高压2 d变化。西南过程降温主要受到冷平流和绝热冷却影响,而中东部区域过程主要受到冷平流的影响。(3)西南过程水汽来自孟加拉湾,只受南支槽支配。中东部区域过程水汽来自孟加拉湾、南海和西太平洋,由南支槽和西太平副热带高压的共同影响。两次过程水汽正收支主要来自南边界。     

文安5.1级地震的一些异常特征

对文安5.1级地震的一些异常进行了分析和总结,认为地震逆时针方向迁移可能是地震空间活动的一个基本特征,其可作为背景异常。震前,地磁交汇法出现的异常,再次显示出该方法对地点预测的最大优势,交汇点附近即是未来震中区。这些异常特征对我们认识地震和预测地震都具有一定意义。     

基于R语言的NetCDF文件分析和可视化应用

气象领域目前有多种广泛应用的气象数据分析和可视化工具集,包括GrADS、NCL、CDO和IDL等。R语言是一种由统计学家开发的统计计算和绘图的语言和环境,具有大数据处理的能力。R语言数量众多的扩展包为R语言用于海量气象数据分析和可视化提供了强有力的支持。基于R语言对NCEP发布的数据集进行了统计分析和可视化,展示了R语言在气象数据处理和可视化方面的应用。结合R语言提供的贝叶斯统计扩展包和高性能并行计算扩展包探讨了R语言在气象数据处理和可视化应用方面的广泛前景。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式

通过研究马五段去白云石化作用的成因及发生模式,可进一步了解鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层成岩和物性的演化.通过岩心与薄片的观察,结合地球化学方法,和对白云岩的碳、氧同位素与微量元素的测定,分析了去白云石化作用成因及成岩演化过程,并结合物性资料分析去白云石化作用对储集层的影响,建立了研究区去白云石化的作用模式.结合...     

西北区域气象计量实验室综合能力比对结果分析

分析评价西北区域参加实验室比对的试验结果,及时发现问题并进行纠正,总结实施实验间比对工作的经验,提高实验室检定/校准能力和质量管理水平。参加比对的计量检定实验室分别对气压、温度、湿度、风速比对样品进行比对试验,用归一化偏差(En)进行统计分析。2011年西北区域气象计量检定的温度、湿度、气压实验室比对结果为满意,风速实验室比对结果为较满意。该次比对的实验数据客观、真实、可信,是对各参加比对实验室检定/校准能力的综合评价,较为客观地反映了各技术机构检定装置的测量能力、检定人员的技术水平以及西北区域气象计量标准装置的现状。