树轮记录的贺兰山北部近208年5—7月温度变化

利用2008年10月采自贺兰山北部的油松树轮样本建立了贺兰山北部区域树轮密度年表。相关分析表明:贺兰山北部的树轮早材平均密度与银川气象站5—7月平均最高温度具有较好的正相关关系,相关系数为0.67。用贺兰山北部的区域早材平均密度差值年表重建贺兰山北部1801—2008年的5—7月平均最高温度,58年 (1951—2008年) 重建值对实测值的解释方差为44.9%;2008年的贺兰山北部温度重建序列平均值为27.40℃。在最近20年,贺兰山树轮早材平均密度出现了明显的上升趋势,通过比对贺兰山北部重建序列的低温年份和全球火山爆发数据,发现在大规模火山爆发后的28个偏冷年温度平均值为26.90℃,较重建序列平均值下降0.50℃。多窗谱分析表明:贺兰山北部温度重建序列具有120年、8.1年、6.5年、3.2年、2.9年、2.1年的准周期变化。贺兰山北部早材平均密度与甘肃石门山、昌灵山油松的早材平均密度有良好的相关性。     

树轮记录的新疆阿尔泰山1579-2009年初夏温度变化

对新疆阿尔泰山中段森林上树线西伯利亚落叶松（Larix sibirica）树轮宽度标准化年表与区域气候要素进行相关分析,发现6月平均气温与树木径向生长存在显著相关关系（r=0.658,P<0.001）。据此重建的该地区1579-2009年间初夏温度变化曲线（解释方差为43.2%）表明,在过去431年,该地区经历了8个偏冷阶段和8个偏暖阶段,且对整个阿尔泰山有较好的空间代表性。功率谱分析表明,重建温度序列存在2.3a、2.4a的显著周期和3.9a、71.5a、95.3a的较显著周期。     

348-YEAR PRECIPITATION RECONSTRUCTION FROM TREE-RINGS FOR THE NORTH SLOPE OF THE MIDDLE TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

Correlation census shows that the correlation between the tree-ring chronologies in theUrumqi River Basin and precipitation during July in the last year to February in the concurrent yearis significant,and the best single correlation coefficient is 0.74,with significance level of 0.0001.Using two residual chronologies collected from west Baiyanggou and Boerqingou,precipitation for348 years can be reconstructed in the North Slope of middle Tianshan Mountains,its explainedvariance is 62%.According to much verification from independent precipitation data,historicalclimate records,glacier and other data.it shows that the reconstructed precipitation series of 348years is reliable.Analysis of precipitation features indicates that there were three wet periodsoccurring during 1671(?)—1692,1716—1794 and 1825—1866 and three dry periods during 1693—1715,1795—1824 and 1867—1969.Two wet periods,during 1716—1794 and 1825—1866,correspond to the times of the second and the third glacial terminal moraine formation,which is infront of No.1 glacier in Urumqi River source.According to computation,corresponding annualprecipitation amounts are 59mm and 30mm more than now.The reconstructed precipitation serieshas a significant drying trend from 1716 to 1969.and has better representativeness to theprecipitation of Urumqi and Changji Prefecture on the North Slope of Tianshan Mountains.     

新世纪的新目标：全国争先进，西部创一流——记四川省气象局长会议

21世纪的第一次全省气象局长会议于2月20日在成都召开。会议提出了四川省气象事业五年 奋斗目标：全国争先进，西部创一流。 　　这次全省气象局长会议是在改革发展新时期，抓住机遇，努力实现四川气象事业跨越式发展 的一次重要会议。中国气象局、省委、省政府对这次会议都十分重视。四川省委常委、副省 长陈文光，中国气象局刘英金副局长参加会议并分别作了重要讲话。 　　赵广忠局长在会上作了《坚定信心、奋力开拓、推进新世纪气象事业的大发展》的工作报告 。报告总结了“九五”期间四川省气象事业的工作成绩，认清了当前工作中的不足，找准了 今后努力奋进的方向。报告紧密结合我省的实际情况，全面安排部署了2001年全省气象工作 的六项主要任务：一，牢固树立服务意识，全面做好各项工作；二，依靠科技进步，继续推 进气象现代化建设；三，加大改革力度，整体推进气象事业结构战略性调整；四，多方努力 ，改善职工生活和台站基础设施；五，进一步加强精神文明建设，力争建成文明行业；六， 加强气象法制建设，全面推进气象依法行政。     

新疆气候对地表水资源影响的区域差异性初探

利用单相关、典型相关及逐步回归方法, 分析了新疆气候对地表水资源影响的区域差异性, 得到以下几点新认识:(1) 新疆气候对地表水资源时空变化的影响, 以北疆为最大, 东疆最小, 南疆居中。(2) 揭示了北疆、东疆、南疆气候场对其地表水资源场空间分布特征的主要影响形式。(3) 发现在北疆及东疆, 水文年降水是决定其地表水资源场时空分布特征的主导气候因子, 5~9月平均温度是辅助气候因子, 它通过影响蒸发对地表水资源起减少作用, 但在东疆5~9月平均温度对其地表水资源的影响要比北疆大些。南疆5~9月平均温度是决定其地表水资源场时空分布特征的主导气候因子, 高山区前2年的水文年降水为辅助气候因子, 它通过冰川融水的形式对当年的地表水资源起增加作用。     

Differential Rotation of Stable Recurrent Sunspot Groups

Stable recurrent sunspot groups from the Greenwich data set which were identified in at least two subsequent solar rotations were traced. The solar rotation was determined by the period method from the time difference of the two central meridian passages of each of the 327 identified groups. Sidereal rotation periods were calculated from the synodic ones by a seasonal-dependent procedure taking into account the details of the Earth's motion around the Sun. Growing recurrent sunspot groups rotate on the average faster than decaying recurrent sunspot groups, while sunspot groups of all types taken together rotate faster than both growing and decaying recurrent sunspot groups. A north–south rotational asymmetry and a cycle-dependence of rotational velocity of recurrent sunspot groups were analyzed. Positive rotation velocity deviations are larger, but less numerous than the negative ones. Signatures of torsional oscillations were not found analyzing the rotation velocity residual of recurrent sunspot groups as a function of the distance from the average latitude of activity.     

天山西部树轮年表的响应函数

本使用响应函数分析技术，研究新疆伊犁地区树年表中的气候信息量，得出一些有益的结论，这对于认识该区气候对森林的影响，以及在温湿气候区树木年轮中提取气候信息会有所帮助。     

浓雾——隐形的气象杀手

1雾的危害2007年5月,京珠高速公路614公里处河南新乡段因浓雾突发,连续发生多起追尾事故,百余辆车相撞,事件过程中,200余人参加了事故大营救。在成都,自2007年12月20日以来,连日大雾成灾,使成都成为了一座“雾都”,成都市气象台21日、22日连续两天发布大雾红色预警,提醒市民注意防范大雾带来的各种不利影响。连天的大雾使成都市交通受到严重影响。22日,成都双流国际机场在浓雾下的能见度一度仅有15米左右,机场被迫关闭8小时,125个进出航班延误,其中,16个航班被迫取消,上万旅客滞留机场。同日,成都绕城高速及成渝、成绵等高速公路,也因浓雾而…     

地球发烧人类不安

2006年,人人都说成都的冬天一点也不冷,是个暖冬.2007年的春节,成都市民是在阳光明媚中度过的.二月份气温一路飚升,连续多日最高气温超过20℃,腊梅榭了,红梅开了,桃红了,柳绿了,春天就这么一跃提前来到了人们的身边.在经历了短暂的寒潮后,三月的天空又迎来了太阳.     

Regional Air Quality Modelling in Canada – Applications for Policy and Real-Time Prediction

Acid rain and photochemical smog are two regionalair-quality issues that have received considerableattention in the last two decades due to their harmfuleffects. Health impacts of particulate matter (PM) inthe atmosphere is another issue of concern.Sulphur dioxide emission controls were introducedin both Canada and the U.S.A. to reduceacid-deposition-related damage. While these emissionreductions have already resulted in reduced sulphatedeposition, based on results from modelling studiesmuch of southeastern Canada is still expected toexperience damaging levels of acid deposition evenafter all currently legislated emission controls arefully implemented. Moreover, there has not been acorresponding reduction in the acidity ofprecipitation. This may be attributable to aconcurrent reduction in base-cation concentration inprecipitation.Models were also developed to understand theformation, transport and diffusion of troposphericozone. The models have been used to provide policyguidance for emission control options to reduceground-level ozone to acceptable limits. In thesummer of 1997 a Canadian pilot project was initiatedto provide real-time forecasts of ground-level ozonein the southeastern part of the province of NewBrunswick in eastern Canada.With the emergence of fine Particulate Matter(PM_2.5) as a health concern, efforts are underwayin Canada to develop a unified' regional air-qualitymodel that will address the combined impacts ofvarious pollutants in the atmosphere. In this effortthe atmosphere is viewed as a single entity where theimpacts of multiple pollutants are considered at thesame time.