北京冬小麦产量预报的一种建模方案

针对农业产量气象预测的各类统计模式中所存在的某些不足，如趋势产量外推的稳定性，预报因子的物理及生物学意义、相关阶段性、多元共线性，回归系数稳定性和剩余产量的处理等，提出了不同的解决办法。在北京冬小麦产量预报试验中收到较好的效果。     

Study on the Electrical Conductivity of 0.025 mol NaCl Solution at 0.25–3.75 GPa and 20–370°C

The electrical conductance of 0.025 mol NaCl solution was measured at 0.25–3.75 GPa and 20–370°C As shown by the results, the conductance increases with temperature, and there is a liner relation between the reciprocal of temperature and the logarithm of the conductance but their slopes are different at different pressures. The relations between the conductance and pressure is rather complex and there are some discontinuities: in the range of 2.25–3.75 GPa, the conductance increases with the pressure; in the range of 1.25–2.0 GPa, the conductance is not related to the pressure; and at a pressure of 0.75 GPa, the conductance is higher than that at the pressures nearby. This reflects that the NaCl solution has rather different properties of electronic chemistry at various pressures, and probably is an important cause for the existence of the layers with high electrical conductance and low velocity in the Earth's crust and mantle.     

石膏对白云岩溶解影响的实验模拟研究

表生到埋藏成岩作用的温度与压力（４０-１３０℃、常压－３０ＭＰａ）条件下，含膏与不含膏白云岩的溶解实验证明:在表生与相对浅埋藏的温压条件（低于７５℃，２０ＭＰａ）下，石膏（或硬石膏）的存在可不同程度地加速白云岩的溶解，随着实验温度和压力的升高，石膏（或硬石膏）对白云岩溶解的这种积极作用逐渐降低。在相对深埋藏的温压条件（高于７５℃、２０ＭＰａ）下，石膏（或硬石膏）的存在显著阻止白云岩的溶解，随着实验温度和压力的继续升高，石膏（或硬石膏）对白云岩溶解的这种消极作用也逐渐增加。从实验的这种结果可以预测，在近地表条件下和埋藏成岩作用的早期阶段，由溶解作用造成的含膏白云岩地层的次生孔隙将比不含膏的白云岩地层更为发育，因而在经历了古风化作用的地层中，含膏白云岩层更易形成良好的储层；与之相反，在相对高温高压的深埋藏成岩阶段，不含膏的白云岩地层中将更容易因酸性水的溶解作用而形成次生孔隙。因而在非蒸发沉积环境中形成的白云岩体（如正常海沉积环境的灰岩中的白云岩透镜体）更易因深埋藏溶蚀作用而形成良好的储层。     

Dehydration Temperature of Serpentine at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures by Electrical Conductivity Method and Its Implications

Dehydration temperatures of serpentine were measured in the pressure range between 1.0GPa and 5.0GPa by using the electrical conductivity metod simultaneously at high temperatures and high pressures.The results show that with increasing pressure th dehydration temperature of antigorite increases slightly below 2.0GPa ,but drops markedly above2.0GPa .This strongly suggests that high pressure would favor the dehydration of serpentine minerals and the water released thereby would be an important source of fluids involved in magmatism in a subduction zone and mantle metasomatism,Meanwhile,the greatly enhanced electric conductivity in the presence of water may be one of the reasons underlying the occurrence of a high-conductivity zone in the lower crust.     

硬玉和透辉石的光吸收谱和颜色

本文报道若干天然硬玉和透辉石的光吸收谱,并在配位场分析的基础上讨论其致色原因。铁离子和铬离子均可使硬玉和透辉石呈现绿色。铬含量低但铁含量较高的样品(如Di-17)呈暗绿色。透辉石(Di-17)的偏振光吸收谱表明,这些样品的颜色与Fe~(2+)(M_1)→Fe~(3+)(M_1)荷移跃迁和配体→金属荷移跃迁密切相关。翠绿色样品含铬量相对地较高,其频色主要取决于Cr~(3+)离子在可见区内的自旋允许跃迁。红色和黄色硬玉的颜色与很强的配体→金属荷移吸收有关。     

High-pressure hydrous mineral association in Hannuoba Iherzolite

A brown fine-grained mineral aggregate in the form of plate and stuffing was found in the Hannuoba spinel-lherzolite. A series of measurements, including X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectrometry, DTA and electron microprobe analysis, were made on this aggregate. The results show that the aggregate consists of the following minerals: hydrous magnesio-silicate minerals, metamorphic chrysotile, ringwoodite, spinel, rutile, forsterite etc. This is a high-pressure hydrous mineral aggregate never reported in lherzolite elsewhere. Based on the compositions and distribution features of the minerals, it is suggested that the fine-grained mineral aggregate was derived from phlogopite, which had been formed early in the upper mantle and was hydrolyzed during partial melting.     

安徽和县猿人遗址牙化石的氨基酸生物地球化学

本文从氨基酸生物地球化学的角度,对安徽和县猿人遗址牙化石中的氨基酸进行了探讨,初步获得如下结果:1.牙釉化石的氨基酸组成中,酸性氨基酸含量极高(总量不低于30%);中性氨基酸含量也较大(总量在20%左右);碱性氨基酸含量极低,均在1%以下。 2.牙釉化石的氨基酸组成基本上取决于原生蛋白质的组成模式,但由于成岩作用的影响,使牙釉化石的氨基酸组成和含量与现生哺乳动物牙釉相比,存在较大差别。3.将测得的牙釉化石中的D-别异亮氨酸/L-异亮氨酸比值,以及根据对该地点动物化石研究而估算的平均成岩温度(12.5℃-13℃),代入有关的氨基酸测年公式,求得该猿人遗址的化石年龄为23万年。     

O3浓度增加对油菜影响的诊断试验研究

利用OTC-1型农田开顶式气室对油菜进行了不同臭氧浓度200×10-9、100×10-9、50×10-9、未过滤（25×10-9～40×10-9）和过滤掉自然大气的O₃后（约为10×10-9）5个处理的长期接触试验，结果表明:目前大气本底（25×10-9～40×10-9）和50×10-9的低浓度臭氧对油菜有慢性伤害作用。臭氧浓度增加到100×10-9、200×10-9时油菜出现退绿、失水等急性伤害症状。臭氧浓度增加可导致植株矮化，株型缩小，叶片数和叶面积减少，光合速率、生物产量和经济产量下降。试验还表明，正常生长的油菜移入浓度为100×10-9、200×10-9的臭氧环境下，首先受影响的是叶肉和表皮，而此环境下的新生叶片其叶脉将首先扭曲变形。     

地形起伏地区平面坐标转换方法及精度分析

坐标转换的精度受转换模型、公共点个数和分布、地形情况等多种因素的影响。本文以青海高原地区某县矿权核查数据为例,采用四参数模型和二次曲面模型进行平面坐标转换,在地形起伏大的大范围区域探讨公共点选取对坐标转换精度的影响,分析两种平面坐标转换模型的特征,为相关的工程应用提供参考依据。